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HCA is a naturally occurring compound primarily known for its potential effects on appetite and lipid metabolism via inhibition of ATP citrate lyase.
Derivative of citric acid that is found in a variety of tropical plants including Garcinia cambogia and Hibiscus sabdariffa
• Hydroxy-Citric Acid (HCA) is a compound extracted from Garcinia cambogia, primarily recognized for its potential effects on lipid metabolism and appetite suppression.
• It has been proposed to inhibit the enzyme ATP citrate lyase, which is involved in converting citrate into acetyl-CoA—a key step in fatty acid synthesis.
• By modulating lipid synthesis pathways, HCA has been studied in the context of obesity and metabolic disorders, with some exploratory research considering its implications in cancer metabolism.
• Inhibition of ATP Citrate Lyase (ACLY)******
ACLY converts citrate into acetyl-CoA, a building block for fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis. Many cancer cells upregulate lipid synthesis to support membrane production and energy storage; hence, inhibiting ACLY presents a potential strategy to disrupt cancer cell metabolism.
• Impact on Lipogenesis
Reduced acetyl-CoA production can impair de novo lipogenesis, potentially limiting the proliferation of rapidly dividing cells that have high lipid demands.
• Interactions with Other Metabolic Pathways (modulation of citrate levels may affect the TCA cycle)
-Dosages used in weight loss studies typically ranging from 500 mg to 1500 mg per day
Human cyclists: 3.1 mL/kg body wt of an HCA solution (19 g/L) --> 248mg
"Studies have shown that humans can safely ingest 13.5 g of hydroxycitrate per day with plasma levels of 82 mg/L (0.39 mM) achieved"
Typically, HCA used in dietary weight loss supplement is bound to calcium, which results in a poorly soluble (<50%) and less bioavailable form. Conversely, the structural characteristics of a novel Ca2+/K+ bound (-)-HCA salt (HCA-SX or Super CitriMax) make it completely water soluble as well as bioavailable.
-HydroxyCitrate (HCA) typically used in a dose of about 1.5g/day or more for cancer (inhibition of the Melavonate Pathway?)