GLS Cancer Research Results

GLS, Glutaminase: Click to Expand ⟱
Source:
Type:

GLS - Glutaminase

Abbreviation: GLS, GLS1, Kidney-Type Glutaminase

Alternative Names: KGA, GAC

Type: Mitochondrial metabolic enzyme / glutamine metabolism enzyme / glutaminolysis regulator

Function: GLS catalyzes the conversion of glutamine to glutamate and ammonia, providing the first major enzymatic step of glutaminolysis. Glutamate can subsequently be converted to α-ketoglutarate to replenish the TCA cycle and can also support glutathione synthesis, amino-acid metabolism, nucleotide synthesis, lipid synthesis, and cellular redox control.

Cancer: ↑ GLS expression and activity are increased in many cancers and support glutamine-dependent proliferation, energy production, anabolic metabolism, redox homeostasis, survival, and treatment resistance.

Favorable Direction in Cancer: ↓ GLS expression or activity is generally favorable in glutamine-dependent cancers and can reduce glutaminolysis, TCA-cycle replenishment, glutathione production, and cancer-cell survival.

Pathway Relationship: GLS ↑ → glutaminolysis ↑ → glutamate ↑ → α-ketoglutarate/TCA-cycle anaplerosis ↑ and glutathione synthesis ↑.

Interpretation Note: GLS should be distinguished from GLS2. GLS generally has a stronger tumor-promoting association, whereas GLS2 can function as either a tumor promoter or tumor suppressor depending on cancer type.
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
2618- Ba,    Baicalein induces apoptosis by inhibiting the glutamine-mTOR metabolic pathway in lung cancer
- in-vitro, Lung, H1299 - in-vivo, Lung, A549
TumCG↓, TumCP↓, Apoptosis↑, GLUT1↓, GLS↓, mTOR↓, *toxicity∅, cl‑Casp9↓, cl‑Casp3↓, GSH↓, GlutMet↓,
2706- BBR,    Berberine Inhibits Growth of Liver Cancer Cells by Suppressing Glutamine Uptake
- in-vitro, HCC, Hep3B - in-vitro, HCC, Bel-7402 - in-vivo, NA, NA
TumCP↓, glut↓, SLC12A5↓, cMyc↓, GLS↓,
1640- CA,  MET,    Caffeic Acid Targets AMPK Signaling and Regulates Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle Anaplerosis while Metformin Downregulates HIF-1α-Induced Glycolytic Enzymes in Human Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma Lines
- in-vitro, Cerv, SiHa
GLS↓, NADPH↓, ROS↑, TumCD↑, AMPK↑, Hif1a↓, GLUT1↓, GLUT3↓, HK2↓, PFK↓, PKM2↓, LDH↓, cMyc↓, BAX↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, PDH↓, ROS↑, Apoptosis↑, eff↑, ACLY↓, FASN↓, Bcl-2↓, Glycolysis↓,
6223- CUR,    Curcumin Rewires the Tumor Metabolic Landscape: Mechanisms and Clinical Prospects
- Review, Var, NA
Ferroptosis↑, GutMicro↑, Akt↓, mTOR↓, NF-kB↓, Wnt↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, STAT3↓, TumCP↓, TumCI↓, TumMeta↓, AMPK↑, P53↑, NRF2↑, TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, Casp↑, GPx4↓, DNMTs↓, HDAC↓, VEGF↓, Imm↑, NK cell↑, Warburg↓, Hif1a↓, HK2↓, PKM2↓, LDHA↓, GLUT1↓, MCT1↓, AMPK↑, FASN↓, SCD1↓, GLS↓, Apoptosis↑, ETC↓, MMP↓, ROS↑, lipid-P↑, ChemoSen↑, PDK1 / PDPK1↓, Beclin-1/ATG6↓, ATP↓, Glycolysis↓, GlucoseCon↓, lactateProd↑, MMPs↓, GSH↓, G6PD↓, OXPHOS↓, SREBP2↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, AP-1↓, NADH↓, NRF2↑, HO-1↑, Iron↑, MDA↑, *ROS↓, *Inflam↓,
8281- LE,    A Licorice Roots Extract Induces Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest and Improves Metabolism via Regulating MiRNAs in Liver Cancer Cells
- in-vitro, Liver, NA
Apoptosis↑, TumCCA↑, Let-7↑, miR-34b-5p↑, miR-122-5p↑, miR-126↑, miR-195↑, miR-199↑, miR-206↑, miR-326-5p↑, Hif1a↓, PI3K↓, cMyc↓, AMPK↑, P53↑, Glycolysis↓, HK2↓, LDHA↓, PKM2↓, PPP↓, G6PD↓, GlutaM↓, GLS↓, miR-21↑, miR-221↑, miR-222↑,

Showing Research Papers: 1 to 5 of 5

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 5

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


NA, unassigned(tgid=0) ⓘ

miR-122-5p↑, 1,   miR-195↑, 1,   miR-199↑, 1,   miR-326-5p↑, 1,  

Redox & Oxidative Stress(tgid=1) ⓘ

Ferroptosis↑, 1,   GPx4↓, 1,   GSH↓, 2,   HO-1↑, 1,   Iron↑, 1,   lipid-P↑, 1,   MDA↑, 1,   NADH↓, 1,   NRF2↑, 2,   OXPHOS↓, 1,   ROS↑, 3,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics(tgid=3) ⓘ

ATP↓, 1,   ETC↓, 1,   MMP↓, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis(tgid=4) ⓘ

ACLY↓, 1,   AMPK↑, 4,   cMyc↓, 3,   FASN↓, 2,   G6PD↓, 2,   GLS↓, 5,   GlucoseCon↓, 1,   glut↓, 1,   GlutaM↓, 1,   GlutMet↓, 1,   Glycolysis↓, 3,   HK2↓, 3,   lactateProd↑, 1,   LDH↓, 1,   LDHA↓, 2,   NADPH↓, 1,   PDH↓, 1,   PDK1 / PDPK1↓, 1,   PFK↓, 1,   PKM2↓, 3,   PPP↓, 1,   SCD1↓, 1,   SREBP2↓, 1,   Warburg↓, 1,  

Cell Death(tgid=5) ⓘ

Akt↓, 1,   Apoptosis↑, 5,   BAX↓, 1,   Bcl-2↓, 1,   Casp↑, 1,   cl‑Casp3↓, 1,   cl‑Casp9↓, 1,   Ferroptosis↑, 1,   MCT1↓, 1,   TumCD↑, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics(tgid=7) ⓘ

miR-21↑, 1,  

Autophagy & Lysosomes(tgid=9) ⓘ

Beclin-1/ATG6↓, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair(tgid=10) ⓘ

DNMTs↓, 1,   P53↑, 2,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence(tgid=11) ⓘ

cycD1/CCND1↓, 1,   TumCCA↑, 2,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State(tgid=12) ⓘ

HDAC↓, 1,   Let-7↑, 1,   mTOR↓, 2,   PI3K↓, 1,   STAT3↓, 1,   TumCG↓, 1,   Wnt↓, 1,  

Migration(tgid=13) ⓘ

AP-1↓, 1,   miR-206↑, 1,   miR-221↑, 1,   miR-222↑, 1,   MMPs↓, 1,   TumCI↓, 1,   TumCP↓, 3,   TumMeta↓, 1,   β-catenin/ZEB1↓, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature(tgid=14) ⓘ

Hif1a↓, 3,   miR-126↑, 1,   miR-34b-5p↑, 1,   VEGF↓, 1,  

Barriers & Transport(tgid=15) ⓘ

GLUT1↓, 3,   GLUT3↓, 1,   SLC12A5↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling(tgid=16) ⓘ

COX2/PTGS2↓, 1,   Imm↑, 1,   NF-kB↓, 1,   NK cell↑, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance(tgid=21) ⓘ

ChemoSen↑, 1,   eff↑, 1,  

Clinical Biomarkers(tgid=22) ⓘ

GutMicro↑, 1,   LDH↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 89

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress(tgid=1) ⓘ

ROS↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling(tgid=16) ⓘ

Inflam↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes(tgid=23) ⓘ

toxicity∅, 1,  
Total Targets: 3

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: GLS, Glutaminase
1 Baicalein
1 Berberine
1 Caffeic acid
1 Metformin
1 Curcumin
1 Licorice
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:0  prod#:%  Target#:127  State#:%  Dir#:1
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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