| PFKFB3 (6-Phosphofructo-2-Kinase/Fructose-2,6-Biphosphatase 3) — Bifunctional metabolic enzyme that regulates cellular glycolytic flux by controlling levels of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate (F2,6BP), a potent allosteric activator of phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK1). PFKFB3 has relatively high kinase activity and strongly promotes glycolysis.
Typical modulation in cancer: Frequently ↑ and generally unfavorable. Elevated PFKFB3 supports aerobic glycolysis, glucose utilization, proliferation, angiogenesis, cell-cycle progression, migration, and resistance to metabolic stress. PFKFB3 inhibition is being investigated as an anticancer strategy.
Typical mechanistic relationship: PFKFB3 activity ↑ → fructose-2,6-bisphosphate ↑ → PFK1 activation ↑ → glycolytic flux ↑ → ATP and biosynthetic precursor production ↑ → proliferation and tumor growth ↑.
Additional cancer relevance: PFKFB3 is also expressed in endothelial cells and can promote tumor angiogenesis and vascular sprouting through enhanced glycolytic metabolism.
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