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| Caspases are a cysteine protease that speed up a chemical reaction via pointing their target substrates following an aspartic acid residue.1 They are grouped into apoptotic (caspase-2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10) and inflammatory (caspase-1, 4, 5, 11 and 12) mediated caspases. Caspase-1 may have both tumorigenic or antitumorigenic effects on cancer development and progression, but it depends on the type of inflammasome, methodology, and cancer. Catalase is an enzyme found in nearly all living cells exposed to oxygen. Its primary role is to protect cells from oxidative damage by catalyzing the conversion of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), a potentially damaging byproduct of metabolism, into water (H₂O) and oxygen (O₂). This detoxification process is crucial because excess H₂O₂ can lead to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that damage proteins, lipids, and DNA. Catalase and Cancer Oxidative Stress and Cancer: Cancer cells often experience increased levels of oxidative stress due to rapid proliferation and metabolic changes. This stress can lead to DNA damage, promoting tumorigenesis. Catalase helps mitigate oxidative stress, and its expression can influence the survival and proliferation of cancer cells. Expression Levels in Different Cancers: Overexpression: In some cancers, such as breast cancer and certain types of leukemia, catalase may be overexpressed. This overexpression can help cancer cells survive in oxidative environments, potentially leading to more aggressive tumor behavior. Downregulation: Conversely, in other cancers, such as colorectal cancer, reduced catalase expression has been observed. This downregulation can lead to increased oxidative stress, contributing to tumor progression and metastasis. Prognostic Implications: Survival Rates: Studies have shown that high levels of catalase expression can be associated with poor prognosis in certain cancers, as it may enable cancer cells to resist apoptosis (programmed cell death) induced by oxidative stress. Some types of cancer cells have been reported to exhibit lower catalase activity, possibly increasing their vulnerability to oxidative damage under certain conditions. This vulnerability has even been exploited in some therapeutic strategies (for example, approaches that generate excess H₂O₂ or other ROS specifically targeting cancer cells have been researched). |
| 3453- | 5-ALA, | The heme precursor 5-aminolevulinic acid disrupts the Warburg effect in tumor cells and induces caspase-dependent apoptosis |
| - | in-vitro, | Lung, | A549 |
| - | in-vitro, | BC, | MCF7 | - | in-vitro, | Bladder, | HTB-22 |
| 2638- | Api, | Apigenin, by activating p53 and inhibiting STAT3, modulates the balance between pro-apoptotic and pro-survival pathways to induce PEL cell death |
| - | in-vitro, | lymphoma, | PEL |
| 1146- | AsP, | Potential use of nanoformulated ascorbyl palmitate as a promising anticancer agent: First comparative assessment between nano and free forms |
| - | in-vivo, | Nor, | NA |
| 4806- | ASTX, | Astaxanthin's Impact on Colorectal Cancer: Examining Apoptosis, Antioxidant Enzymes, and Gene Expression |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HCT116 |
| 743- | Bor, | Boric Acid (Boron) Attenuates AOM-Induced Colorectal Cancer in Rats by Augmentation of Apoptotic and Antioxidant Mechanisms |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | NA |
| 729- | Bor, | Promising potential of boron compounds against Glioblastoma: In Vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer studies |
| - | in-vitro, | GBM, | U87MG | - | in-vivo, | Nor, | HaCaT |
| 2653- | Cela, | Oxidative Stress Inducers in Cancer Therapy: Preclinical and Clinical Evidence |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 7164- | CHA, | Chaetocin induces apoptosis in human melanoma cells through the generation of reactive oxygen species and the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway, and exerts its anti-tumor activity in vivo |
| - | vitro+vivo, | Melanoma, | A375 |
| 6293- | Cro, | Crocetin: an agent derived from saffron for prevention and therapy for cancer |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| - | in-vitro, | Pca, | PC3 | - | in-vitro, | Pca, | DU145 |
| 834- | Gra, | Anticancer Properties of Graviola (Annona muricata): A Comprehensive Mechanistic Review |
| - | Review, | NA, | NA |
| 1638- | HCAs, | Anticancer potential of hydroxycinnamic acids: mechanisms, bioavailability, and therapeutic applications |
| - | Review, | Nor, | NA |
| 8039- | IVM, | Ivermectin-Induced Apoptotic Cell Death in Human SH-SY5Y Cells Involves the Activation of Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Pathway and Akt/mTOR-Pathway-Mediated Autophagy |
| - | NA, | neuroblastoma, | SH-SY5Y |
| 8403- | LT, | Luteolin induces apoptotic cell death via antioxidant activity in human colon cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HT-29 |
| 2915- | LT, | Luteolin promotes apoptotic cell death via upregulation of Nrf2 expression by DNA demethylase and the interaction of Nrf2 with p53 in human colon cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Colon, | HT29 | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | SNU-407 | - | in-vitro, | Nor, | FHC |
| 3277- | Lyco, | Recent trends and advances in the epidemiology, synergism, and delivery system of lycopene as an anti-cancer agent |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 1708- | Lyco, | The Anti-Cancer Activity of Lycopene: A Systematic Review of Human and Animal Studies |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 4797- | Lyco, | A mechanistic updated overview on lycopene as potential anticancer agent |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 1779- | MEL, | Therapeutic Potential of Melatonin Counteracting Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity in Breast Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review |
| - | Review, | BC, | NA |
| 2253- | MF, | Low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic field promotes functional recovery, reduces inflammation and oxidative stress, and enhances HSP70 expression following spinal cord injury |
| - | in-vivo, | Nor, | NA |
| 5241- | MF, | A review on the use of magnetic fields and ultrasound for non-invasive cancer treatment |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 3498- | MF, | Effect of Static Magnetic Field on Oxidant/Antioxidant Parameters in Cancerous and Noncancerous Human Gastric Tissues |
| - | in-vitro, | GC, | NA |
| 8453- | OM, | Origanum majorana Attenuates Nephrotoxicity of Cisplatin Anticancer Drug through Ameliorating Oxidative Stress |
| - | in-vivo, | Nor, | NA |
| 3341- | QC, | Antioxidant Activities of Quercetin and Its Complexes for Medicinal Application |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA | - | Review, | Stroke, | NA |
| 79- | QC, | Chemopreventive Effect of Quercetin in MNU and Testosterone Induced Prostate Cancer of Sprague-Dawley Rats |
| - | in-vivo, | Pca, | NA |
| 1749- | RosA, | Rosmarinic Acid and Related Dietary Supplements: Potential Applications in the Prevention and Treatment of Cancer |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 2553- | SFN, | Mechanistic review of sulforaphane as a chemoprotective agent in bladder cancer |
| - | Review, | Bladder, | NA |
| 3310- | SIL, | Silymarin attenuates paraquat-induced lung injury via Nrf2-mediated pathway in vivo and in vitro |
| - | in-vitro, | Lung, | A549 |
| 984- | SSE, | Effects of selenite on estrogen receptor-alpha expression and activity in MCF-7 breast cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | BC, | MCF7 |
| 3399- | TQ, | Anticancer Effects of Thymoquinone through the Antioxidant Activity, Upregulation of Nrf2, and Downregulation of PD-L1 in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells |
| - | in-vitro, | BC, | MDA-MB-231 | - | NA, | BC, | MDA-MB-468 |
| 5024- | TQ, | Thymoquinone: A Tie-Breaker in SARS-CoV2-Infected Cancer Patients? |
| - | Review, | Covid, | NA |
| 4538- | TQ, | Thymoquinone Anticancer Effects Through the Upregulation of NRF2 and the Downregulation of PD‐L1 in MDA‐MB‐231 Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer Cells |
| - | in-vitro, | BC, | MDA-MB-231 | - | in-vitro, | BC, | MDA-MB-468 |
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers. Such Conditions may include : -low or high Dose -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations -different cell line effects -synergies with other products -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells
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