CA19-9 Cancer Research Results

CA19-9, CA 19-9: Click to Expand ⟱
Source:
Type: biomarker
CA 19-9 and Cancer — Tumor Burden Marker, Treatment Monitoring Tool, and Its Limits
CA 19-9 (also known as sialyl-Lewis A) is a glycan epitope expressed on mucins and other glycoproteins. It is not a gene and not a cancer-specific molecule by design.

Typically UPREGULATED in circulation in certain cancers due to increased production and/or impaired biliary clearance.
Elevation reflects tumor burden and ductal involvement, not oncogenic signaling.
Where CA 19-9 Is Clinically Relevant
Highest utility:
-Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC)
-Cholangiocarcinoma
-Gallbladder cancer

Secondary/limited utility:
-Gastric and colorectal cancers (subset; nonspecific)

Appropriate uses
-Baseline assessment at diagnosis (prognostic)
-Monitoring response to therapy
-Detecting recurrence after treatment
-Trend analysis over time (most important)

CA 19-9 can be elevated without cancer, especially with:
-Biliary obstruction or cholestasis
-Cholangitis or pancreatitis
-Liver disease

The Lewis Antigen Issue (Often Missed)
~5–10% of people are Lewis antigen–negative (Leᵃ⁻ᵇ⁻) and cannot synthesize CA 19-9.
Implications:
-CA 19-9 may be falsely low or undetectable despite advanced cancer
-A “normal” CA 19-9 does not exclude disease in these patients

Higher baseline CA 19-9 → worse prognosis (on average)


PC, Pancreatic Cancer: Click to Expand ⟱
Pancreatic Cancer: Hypoxia (low oxygen tension) is commonly found in solid tumors. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1),is a key mediator of the cellular response to hypoxia and is overexpressed in a wide variety of solid tumors, including pancreatic cancer.
Nanog is highly expressed in CSCs compared to normal cells [93–97]
HIF-1↑
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
7505- HCQ,  GEM,  PacT,    A Randomized Phase II Preoperative Study of Autophagy Inhibition with High-Dose Hydroxychloroquine and Gemcitabine/Nab-Paclitaxel in Pancreatic Cancer Patients
- Trial, PC, NA
eff↑, TumAuto↓, Imm↑, CA19-9↓, OS↑,

Showing Research Papers: 1 to 1 of 1

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 1

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Autophagy & Lysosomes(tgid=9) ⓘ

TumAuto↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling(tgid=16) ⓘ

Imm↑, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance(tgid=21) ⓘ

eff↑, 1,  

Clinical Biomarkers(tgid=22) ⓘ

CA19-9↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes(tgid=23) ⓘ

OS↑, 1,  
Total Targets: 5

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Total Targets: 0

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: CA19-9, CA 19-9
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:21  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:1412  State#:%  Dir#:1
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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