P21 Cancer Research Results

P21, P21/CDKN1A: Click to Expand ⟱
Source:
Type: Proapototic
cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 (also known as p21 WAF1/Cip1) promotes cell cycle arrest in response to many stimuli.
P21 is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor that plays a crucial role in regulating the cell cycle. It is encoded by the CDKN1A gene and is a key player in the cellular response to stress, including DNA damage.
P21 is often considered a tumor suppressor because its expression is upregulated in response to p53 activation, a well-known tumor suppressor protein. When DNA damage occurs, p53 can activate the transcription of the CDKN1A gene, leading to increased levels of P21, which helps prevent the proliferation of damaged cells.
In many cancers, the p53 pathway is disrupted, leading to decreased levels of P21. p21 is a apoptotic marker protein.
Cell cycle arrest gene p21
Field Suggested Entry
Target CDKN1A / p21 / p21Cip1/Waf1
Full Name Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A
Target Class CIP/KIP-family cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor
Main Binding Partners CDK2, CDK1, CDK4/6, cyclin complexes, PCNA
Primary Biology p53-mediated cell-cycle arrest, DNA damage response, senescence, differentiation, CDK inhibition, RB/E2F pathway suppression, apoptosis regulation
Cancer Relevance High but context-dependent: p21 can suppress tumor growth through cell-cycle arrest and senescence, but can also support apoptosis resistance, senescent-cell survival, and therapy resistance in some tumors
AD Relevance Medium: indirect relevance through neuronal cell-cycle re-entry, senescence, p53 stress signaling, and aging-related cell-cycle dysregulation
Therapeutic Direction Context-dependent. Restore/activate p21 for tumor-suppressive arrest where appropriate; inhibit or bypass p21 where it promotes apoptosis resistance, senescent-cell survival, or treatment resistance.


Colon, Colon Cancer: Click to Expand ⟱
Colon cancer can start anywhere in the colon, (5 feet long) and absorbs water from stool. Rectal cancer starts in the rectum, which is the last 12 centimeters.
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
334- AgNPs,    Silver-Based Nanoparticles Induce Apoptosis in Human Colon Cancer Cells Mediated Through P53
- in-vitro, Colon, HCT116
Bax:Bcl2↑, P53↑, P21↑, Casp3↑, Casp8↑, Casp9↑, Akt↓, NF-kB↓, DNAdam↑, TumCCA↑,
396- AgNPs,    Systemic Evaluation of Mechanism of Cytotoxicity in Human Colon Cancer HCT-116 Cells of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Marine Algae Ulva lactuca Extract
- in-vitro, Colon, HCT116
P53↑, BAX↑, P21↑, Bcl-2↓,
4430- AgNPs,    Evaluation of the Genotoxic and Oxidative Damage Potential of Silver Nanoparticles in Human NCM460 and HCT116 Cells
- in-vitro, Colon, HCT116 - in-vitro, Nor, NCM460
*Bacteria↓, ROS↑, p‑p38↑, BAX↑, Bcl-2↓, BAX↑, P21↑, TumCD↑, toxicity↝,
1548- Api,    A comprehensive view on the apigenin impact on colorectal cancer: Focusing on cellular and molecular mechanisms
- Review, Colon, NA
*BioAv↓, *Half-Life∅, selectivity↑, *toxicity↓, Wnt/(β-catenin)↓, P53↑, P21↑, PI3K↓, Akt↓, mTOR↓, TumCCA↑, TumCI↓, TumCMig↓, STAT3↓, PKM2↓, EMT↓, cl‑PARP↑, Casp3↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, VEGF↓, Hif1a↓, Dose∅, GLUT1↓, GlucoseCon↓,
173- Api,    Apigenin-induced apoptosis is enhanced by inhibition of autophagy formation in HCT116 human colon cancer cells
- in-vitro, Colon, HCT116
CycB/CCNB1↓, cDC2↓, CDC25↓, P53↑, P21↑, cl‑PARP↑, proCasp8↓, proCasp9↓, proCasp3↓,
3236- EGCG,  Buty,    Molecular mechanisms for inhibition of colon cancer cells by combined epigenetic-modulating epigallocatechin gallate and sodium butyrate
- in-vitro, Colon, RKO - in-vitro, Colon, HCT116 - in-vitro, Colon, HT29
Apoptosis↑, TumCCA?, HDAC1↓, DNMT1↓, survivin↓, HDAC↓, P21↑, NF-kB↑, γH2AX↑, ac‑H3↑, DNAdam↑,
6389- Eug,    Molecular Insights into the Management of Eugenol's Anticancer Action Against Colon Cancer: A Detailed Review
- Review, Colon, NA
Apoptosis↓, TumCCA↓, Inflam↓, TumMeta↓, BioAv↑, eff↓, Half-Life↓, *ROS↓, *RNS↓, *SOD↓, *Catalase↑, *GSTs↑, *MAOA↓, *neuroP↑, *DNAdam↓, Apoptosis↑, ROS↑, selectivity↑, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↓, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, TumCD↑, BAX↑, BAD↑, APAF1↑, Bcl-2↓, Bcl-xL↓, P53↑, cl‑PARP↑, TumCCA↑, cycD1/CCND1↓, CycB/CCNB1↓, CDK2↓, CDK4↓, P21↑, p27↑, NF-kB↓, COX2↓, PGE2↓, MAPK↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, mTOR↓, MMPs↓, EMT↓, Snail↓, Slug↓, Zeb1↓, E-cadherin↑, ChemoSen↑,
1655- FA,    Ferulic acid inhibiting colon cancer cells at different Duke’s stages
- in-vitro, Colon, SW480 - in-vitro, Colon, Caco-2 - in-vitro, Colon, HCT116
TumCP↓, TumCMig↓, TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, ATM↑, Chk2↑, ATR↑, CHK1↑, CK2↓, cycA1/CCNA1↑, CDK4↓, CDK6↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, cycE/CCNE↓, P53↑, P21↑,
2859- FIS,    The Natural Flavonoid Fisetin Inhibits Cellular Proliferation of Hepatic, Colorectal, and Pancreatic Cancer Cells through Modulation of Multiple Signaling Pathways
- in-vitro, Liver, HepG2 - NA, Colon, Caco-2
TumCG↓, other↝, Casp3↑, Casp7↑, PGE2↓, GSTs↓, Wnt↓, EGFR↓, NF-kB↓, COX2↓, P53↑, P21↑, P450↓,
2915- LT,    Luteolin promotes apoptotic cell death via upregulation of Nrf2 expression by DNA demethylase and the interaction of Nrf2 with p53 in human colon cancer cells
- in-vitro, Colon, HT29 - in-vitro, CRC, SNU-407 - in-vitro, Nor, FHC
DNMTs↓, TET1↑, NRF2↑, HDAC↓, tumCV↓, BAX↑, Casp9↑, Casp3↑, Bcl-2↓, ROS↓, GSS↑, Catalase↑, HO-1↑, DNMT1↓, DNMT3A↓, TET1↑, TET3↑, TET2↓, P53↑, P21↑,
4845- Uro,    The gut microbiota metabolite urolithin A, but not other relevant urolithins, induces p53-dependent cellular senescence in human colon cancer cells
- in-vitro, Colon, HCT116
TumCCA↑, P53↑, P21↑,
4848- Uro,  OXA,    Urolithin A gains in antiproliferative capacity by reducing the glycolytic potential via the p53/TIGAR axis in colon cancer cells
- in-vitro, Colon, HCT116
TumCG↓, ChemoSen↑, P53↝, P21↑,
628- VitC,  Mg,    Enhanced Anticancer Effect of Adding Magnesium to Vitamin C Therapy: Inhibition of Hormetic Response by SVCT-2 Activation
- in-vivo, Colon, CT26 - in-vitro, NA, MCF-7 - in-vitro, NA, SkBr3
AntiCan↑, SVCT-2↝, TumCD↑, ROS↑, P21↑, proCasp3↑, TumVol↓, DNAdam↑, NAD↓,

Showing Research Papers: 1 to 13 of 13

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 13

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

Catalase↑, 1,   GSS↑, 1,   GSTs↓, 1,   HO-1↑, 1,   NRF2↑, 1,   ROS↓, 1,   ROS↑, 3,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

CDC25↓, 1,   MMP↓, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

GlucoseCon↓, 1,   NAD↓, 1,   PKM2↓, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Akt↓, 3,   APAF1↑, 1,   Apoptosis↓, 1,   Apoptosis↑, 3,   BAD↑, 1,   BAX↑, 5,   Bax:Bcl2↑, 2,   Bcl-2↓, 4,   Bcl-xL↓, 1,   Casp3↑, 5,   proCasp3↓, 1,   proCasp3↑, 1,   Casp7↑, 1,   Casp8↑, 1,   proCasp8↓, 1,   Casp9↑, 3,   proCasp9↓, 1,   Chk2↑, 1,   CK2↓, 1,   Cyt‑c↓, 1,   MAPK↓, 1,   p27↑, 1,   p‑p38↑, 1,   survivin↓, 1,   TumCD↑, 3,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

ac‑H3↑, 1,   other↝, 1,   TET3↑, 1,   tumCV↓, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

ATM↑, 1,   ATR↑, 1,   CHK1↑, 1,   DNAdam↑, 3,   DNMT1↓, 2,   DNMT3A↓, 1,   DNMTs↓, 1,   P53↑, 9,   P53↝, 1,   cl‑PARP↑, 3,   γH2AX↑, 1,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ

CDK2↓, 1,   CDK4↓, 2,   cycA1/CCNA1↑, 1,   CycB/CCNB1↓, 2,   cycD1/CCND1↓, 2,   cycE/CCNE↓, 1,   P21↑, 13,   TumCCA?, 1,   TumCCA↓, 1,   TumCCA↑, 5,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

cDC2↓, 1,   EMT↓, 2,   HDAC↓, 2,   HDAC1↓, 1,   mTOR↓, 2,   PI3K↓, 2,   STAT3↓, 1,   TumCG↓, 2,   Wnt↓, 1,   Wnt/(β-catenin)↓, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

E-cadherin↑, 1,   MMPs↓, 1,   Slug↓, 1,   Snail↓, 1,   TET1↑, 2,   TumCI↓, 1,   TumCMig↓, 2,   TumCP↓, 1,   TumMeta↓, 1,   Zeb1↓, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

EGFR↓, 1,   Hif1a↓, 1,   VEGF↓, 1,  

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

GLUT1↓, 1,   SVCT-2↝, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

COX2↓, 2,   Inflam↓, 1,   NF-kB↓, 3,   NF-kB↑, 1,   PGE2↓, 2,  

Hormonal & Nuclear Receptors ⓘ

CDK6↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↑, 1,   ChemoSen↑, 2,   Dose∅, 1,   eff↓, 1,   Half-Life↓, 1,   P450↓, 1,   selectivity↑, 2,   TET2↓, 1,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

EGFR↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 1,   toxicity↝, 1,   TumVol↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 105

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

Catalase↑, 1,   GSTs↑, 1,   RNS↓, 1,   ROS↓, 1,   SOD↓, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

DNAdam↓, 1,  

Synaptic & Neurotransmission ⓘ

MAOA↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↓, 1,   Half-Life∅, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

neuroP↑, 1,   toxicity↓, 1,  

Infection & Microbiome ⓘ

Bacteria↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 12

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: P21, P21/CDKN1A
3 Silver-NanoParticles
2 Apigenin (mainly Parsley)
2 Urolithin
1 EGCG (Epigallocatechin Gallate)
1 Butyrate
1 Eugenol
1 Ferulic acid
1 Fisetin
1 Luteolin
1 Oxaliplatin
1 Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
1 Magnesium
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:31  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:234  State#:%  Dir#:2
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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