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| PD-L1 is a protein that plays a crucial role in the regulation of the immune system.
PD-L1 helps to prevent the immune system from attacking healthy cells by binding to its receptor, PD-1, on immune cells. However, some cancer cells can exploit this mechanism by expressing high levels of PD-L1, which can help them evade immune detection. PD-L1 has become a key target for cancer immunotherapy, particularly in the development of checkpoint inhibitors. PD-1: Upregulated on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), reflecting chronic antigen exposure and an “exhausted” T cell phenotype. PD-L1 and PD-L2: Frequently overexpressed by many tumor types (e.g., non–small cell lung cancer, melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, head and neck cancers. |
| Melanoma is a rare form of skin cancer. It is more likely to invade nearby tissues and spread to other parts of the body than other types of skin cancer. |
| 5437- | AG, | Modulation of PD-L1 by Astragalus polysaccharide attenuates the induction of melanoma stem cell properties and overcomes immune evasion |
| - | in-vivo, | Melanoma, | B16-F10 |
| 1024- | Api, | CUR, | Apigenin suppresses PD-L1 expression in melanoma and host dendritic cells to elicit synergistic therapeutic effects |
| - | vitro+vivo, | Melanoma, | A375 | - | in-vitro, | Melanoma, | A2058 | - | in-vitro, | Melanoma, | RPMI-7951 |
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers. Such Conditions may include : -low or high Dose -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations -different cell line effects -synergies with other products -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells
Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:% IllCat:% CanType:39 Cells:% prod#:% Target#:243 State#:% Dir#:1
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