NRF2 Cancer Research Results

NRF2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2: Click to Expand ⟱
Source: TCGA
Type: Antiapoptotic
Nrf2 is responsible for regulating an extensive panel of antioxidant enzymes involved in the detoxification and elimination of oxidative stress. Thought of as "Master Regulator" of antioxidant response.
-One way to estimate Nrf2 induction is through the expression of NQO1.
NQO1, the most potent inducer:
SFN 0.2 μM,
quercetin (2.5 μM),
curcumin (2.7 μM),
Silymarin (3.6 μM),
tamoxifen (5.9 μM),
genistein (6.2 μM ),
beta-carotene (7.2μM),
lutein (17 μM),
resveratrol (21 μM),
indol-3-carbinol (50 μM),
chlorophyll (250 μM),
alpha-cryptoxanthin (1.8 mM),
and zeaxanthin (2.2 mM)

1. Raising Nrf2 enhances the cell's antioxidant defenses and ↓ROS. This strategy is used to decrease chemo-radio side effects.
2. Downregulating Nrf2 lowers antioxidant defenses and ↑ROS. In cancer cells this leads to DNA damage, and cell death.
3. However there are some cases where increasing Nrf2 paradoxically causes an increase in ROS (cancer cells). Such as cases of Mitochondial overload, signal crosstalk, reductive stress

-In some cases, Nrf2 is overexpressed in cancer cells, which can lead to the activation of genes involved in cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. This can contribute to the development of resistance to chemotherapy and targeted therapies.
-Increased Nrf2 expression: Lung, Breast, Colorectal, Prostrate.
Decreased Nrf2 expression: Skine, Liver, Pancreatic.
-Nrf2 is a cytoprotective transcription factor which demonstrated both a negative effect as well as a positive effect on cancer
- "promotes Nrf2 translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus," means facilitates the movement of Nrf2 into the nucleus, thereby enhancing the cell's antioxidant and cytoprotective responses. -Major regulator of Nrf2 activity in cells is the cytosolic inhibitor Keap1.

Nrf2 Inhibitors and Activators
Nrf2 Inhibitors: Brusatol, Luteolin, Trigonelline, VitC, Retinoic acid, Chrysin
Nrf2 Activators: SFN, OPZ EGCG, Resveratrol, DATS, CUR, CDDO, Api
- potent Nrf2 inducers from plants include sulforaphane, curcumin, EGCG, resveratrol, caffeic acid phenethyl ester, wasabi, cafestol and kahweol (coffee), cinnamon, ginger, garlic, lycopene, rosemany

Nrf2 plays dual roles in that it can protect normal tissues against oxidative damage and can act as an oncogenic protein in tumor tissue.
– In healthy tissues, NRF2 activation helps protect cells from oxidative damage and maintains cellular homeostasis.
– In many cancers, constitutive activation of NRF2 (often through mutations in NRF2 itself or loss-of-function mutations in KEAP1) leads to an enhanced antioxidant capacity.
– This upregulation can promote tumor cell survival by enabling cancer cells to thrive under oxidative stress, resist chemotherapeutic agents, and sustain metabolic reprogramming.
– Elevated NRF2 levels have been implicated in promoting tumor growth, metastasis, and resistance to therapy in various malignancies.
– High or sustained NRF2 activity is frequently associated with aggressive tumor phenotypes, poorer prognosis, and decreased overall survival in several cancer types.
– While its activation is essential for protecting normal cells from oxidative stress, aberrant or sustained NRF2 activation in tumor cells can lead to enhanced survival, therapeutic resistance, and tumor progression.

NRF2 inhibitors: (to decrease antioxidant defenses and increase cell death from ROS).
-Brusatol: most cited natural inhibitors of Nrf2.
-Luteolin: luteolin can reduce Nrf2 activity in specific cancer models and may enhance cell sensitivity to chemotherapy. However, luteolin is also known as an antioxidant, and its influence on Nrf2 can sometimes be context dependent.
-Apigenin: certain studies to down‑regulate Nrf2 in cancer cells: Dose and context dependent .
-Oridonin:
-Wogonin: although its effects might be cell‑ and dose‑specific.
- Withaferin A

Nor, Normal Healthy: Click to Expand ⟱
Normal Healthy
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
6474- 1,8-Cin,    Molecular Docking Identifies 1,8-Cineole (Eucalyptol) as A Novel PPARγ Agonist That Alleviates Colon Inflammation
- in-vitro, Nor, HT29 - in-vivo, Nor, NA - in-vivo, IBD, NA
*Inflam↓, *NRF2↑, *antiOx↑, *PPARγ↑, eff↑,
4434- AgNPs,  SSE,    Sodium Selenite Ameliorates Silver Nanoparticles Induced Vascular Endothelial Cytotoxic Injury by Antioxidative Properties and Suppressing Inflammation Through Activating the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway
- vitro+vivo, Nor, NA
*ROS↓, *Inflam↓, *NLRP3↓, *NF-kB↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *toxicity↓,
4561- AgNPs,  VitC,    Cellular Effects Nanosilver on Cancer and Non-cancer Cells: Potential Environmental and Human Health Impacts
- in-vitro, CRC, HCT116 - in-vitro, Nor, HEK293
NRF2↑, TumCCA↑, ROS↑, selectivity↑, *AntiViral↑, *toxicity↝, ETC↓, MMP↓, DNAdam↑, Apoptosis↑, lipid-P↑, other↝, UPR↑, *GRP78/BiP↑, *p‑PERK↑, *cl‑eIF2α↑, *CHOP↑, *JNK↑, Hif1a↓, AntiCan↑, *toxicity↓, eff↑,
1235- ALA,  Cisplatin,    α-Lipoic acid prevents against cisplatin cytotoxicity via activation of the NRF2/HO-1 antioxidant pathway
- in-vitro, Nor, HEI-OC1 - ex-vivo, NA, NA
ROS↑, HO-1↓, *toxicity↓, chemoP↑, *ROS↓, *HO-1↑, *SOD1↑, *NRF2↑,
1561- Api,    Apigenin Reactivates Nrf2 Anti-oxidative Stress Signaling in Mouse Skin Epidermal JB6 P + Cells Through Epigenetics Modifications
- in-vivo, Nor, JB6
*NRF2↑, *DNMT1↓, *DNMT3A↓, *HDAC↓, *AntiCan↑,
2318- Api,    Apigenin as a multifaceted antifibrotic agent: Therapeutic potential across organ systems
- Review, Nor, NA
*ROS↓, *PKM2↓, *Hif1a↓, *TGF-β↓, *AMPK↑, *Inflam↓, *PI3K↓, *Akt↑, *NRF2↑, *NF-kB↓,
3388- ART/DHA,    Keap1 Cystenine 151 as a Potential Target for Artemisitene-Induced Nrf2 Activation
- in-vitro, Lung, A549 - in-vitro, Nor, GP-293 - in-vitro, BC, MDA-MB-231
NRF2↑, ROS∅,
4991- ART/DHA,  doxoR,    Dihydroartemisinin alleviates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and ferroptosis by activating Nrf2 and regulating autophagy
- in-vivo, Nor, H9c2
*cardioP↑, *ROS↓, *Ferroptosis↓, *NRF2↑, Keap1↓,
2623- Ba,    Activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway contributes to the protective effects of baicalein against oxidative stress-induced DNA damage and apoptosis in HEI193 Schwann cells
- in-vitro, Nor, HEI193
*DNAdam↓, *ROS↓, *Bax:Bcl2↓, *p‑NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *neuroP↑, *MMP↑,
1530- Ba,    Baicalein Decreases Hydrogen Peroxide‐Induced Damage to NG108‐15 Cells via Upregulation of Nrf2
- in-vitro, Nor, NG108-15
*12LOX↓, *ROS↓, *NRF2↑, *eff↑,
1527- Ba,    Baicalein Alleviates Arsenic-induced Oxidative Stress through Activation of the Keap1/Nrf2 Signalling Pathway in Normal Human Liver Cells
- in-vitro, Nor, MIHA
*p‑NRF2↑, *ROS↓, *MDA↓, *antiOx↑,
1380- BBR,  doxoR,    treatment with ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and JNK inhibitor SP600125 could partially attenuate apoptosis and DNA damage triggered by DCZ0358.
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*ROS↓, *MDA↓, *SOD↑, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑,
6517- BCP,    β-Caryophyllene Ameliorates Cyclophosphamide Induced Cardiac Injury: The Association of TLR4/NFκB and Nrf2/HO1/NQO1 Pathways
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*cardioP↑, *lipid-P↓, *antiOx↑, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *NQO1↑, *TLR4↓, *NF-kB↓, *Inflam↓, *Apoptosis↓,
6510- BCP,  CBD,    Cannabidiol and Beta-Caryophyllene Combination Attenuates Diabetic Neuropathy by Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome/NFκB through the AMPK/sirT3/Nrf2 Axis
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*MMP↓, *ROS↑, *BloodF↑, *Pain↓, *antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *AMPK↑, *SIRT3↑, *NRF2↑, *PINK1↑, *PARK2↑, *LC3B↑, *Beclin-1↑, *TFAM↑, *NLRP3↓, *NF-kB↓, *COX2↓, *p62↓, *NP/CIPN↓,
2725- BetA,    Betulinic acid protects against renal damage by attenuation of oxidative stress and inflammation via Nrf2 signaling pathway in T-2 toxin-induced mice
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*RenoP↑, *SOD?, *Catalase↑, *GSH↑, *ROS↓, *MDA↓, *IL1β↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL10↓, *IL6↑, *NRF2↑,
2758- BetA,    Betulinic Acid Attenuates Oxidative Stress in the Thymus Induced by Acute Exposure to T-2 Toxin via Regulation of the MAPK/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*ROS↓, *MDA↓, *SOD↑, *GSH↑, *p‑p38↓, *p‑JNK↓, *p‑ERK↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *MAPK↓, *heparanase↑, *antiOx↑,
3517- Bor,  Se,    The protective effects of selenium and boron on cyclophosphamide-induced hepatic oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in rats
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*hepatoP↑, *ALAT↓, *AST↓, *ALP↓, *NF-kB↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *IL10↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *MDA↓, *GSH↑, *GPx↑, *antiOx↑, *NRF2↑, *Keap1↓,
3510- Bor,    Boron Affects the Development of the Kidney Through Modulation of Apoptosis, Antioxidant Capacity, and Nrf2 Pathway in the African Ostrich Chicks
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*RenoP↑, *ROS↓, *antiOx↑, *Apoptosis↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *MDA↓, *lipid-P↓, *GPx↓, *Catalase↑, *SOD↑, *ALAT↓, *AST↓, *ALP↓,
3513- Bor,    Boric Acid Activation of eIF2α and Nrf2 Is PERK Dependent: a Mechanism that Explains How Boron Prevents DNA Damage and Enhances Antioxidant Status
- in-vitro, Pca, DU145 - in-vitro, Nor, MEF
NRF2↑, selectivity↑, NQO1↑, GCLC↑, HO-1↑, TumCP↓,
1425- Bos,    Protective Effect of Boswellic Acids against Doxorubicin-Induced Hepatotoxicity: Impact on Nrf2/HO-1 Defense Pathway
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*ChemoSen↑, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *ROS↓, *lipid-P↓, *DNAdam↓,
5872- CA,    Nrf2/ARE-Mediated Antioxidant Actions of Pro-Electrophilic Drugs
- Review, Nor, NA
*NRF2↑, *GSH↑, *neuroP↑, *Inflam↓, *cardioP↑, *Obesity↓, *angioG↓, chemoP↑, *NF-kB↓,
5873- CA,    Carnosic acid serves as a dual Nrf2 activator and PTEN/AKT suppressor to inhibit traumatic heterotopic ossification
- vitro+vivo, Nor, NA
*NRF2↑, *NOX↓, *TAC↑, *ROS↓, *NQO1↑, *p‑PTEN↑, RUNX2↓, SOX9↓,
2394- CAP,    Capsaicin acts as a novel NRF2 agonist to suppress ethanol induced gastric mucosa oxidative damage by directly disrupting the KEAP1-NRF2 interaction
- in-vitro, Nor, GES-1
*mtDam↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *Trx↑, *GSS↑, *NQO1↑, *Keap1↓, *ROS↓, *PKM2↓, *LDHA↓, *Inflam↓,
5766- CAPE,    A Nano-Liposomal Formulation of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester Modulates Nrf2 and NF-κβ Signaling and Alleviates Experimentally Induced Acute Pancreatitis in a Rat Model
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*MDA↓, *NF-kB↓, *p65↓, *TNF-α↓, *cl‑Casp3↓, *GSR↑, *GSH↑, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *Bax:Bcl2↓, *antiOx↑, *Inflam↓,
5900- CAR,  TV,    Lights and Shadows of Essential Oil-Derived Compounds: Antimicrobial and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Eugenol, Thymol, Cinnamaldehyde, and Carvacrol
- Review, Nor, NA
*Bacteria↓, *Inflam↓, *cardioP↑, *neuroP↑, *NADPH↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *IL1β↓, *TNF-α↓,
5926- CAR,    An Updated Review of Research into Carvacrol and Its Biological Activities
- Review, Nor, NA - Review, AD, NA - Review, asthmatic, NA
*Inflam↓, *antiOx↑, *neuroP↑, *BioAv↑, *toxicity↓, *Pain↓, *TRPV3↑, *NRF2↑, *Ca+2↑, *ATP↑, *5LO↓, *COX2↓, PGE2↓, *hepatoP↑, *AntiAg↑, *Diar↓, *cardioP↑, *other↝, *chemoPv↑, *cognitive↑, *AChE↓, *GastroP↑, *eff↑, *BChE↓, *CRP↓,
5928- Catechins,    Bioavailability of Tea Catechins and Its Improvement
- Review, Nor, NA
*BioAv↝, *BioAv↓, *ROS⇅, *NRF2↑, *BioAv↑, *Half-Life↓, *BioAv↑, *BioAv↑, BioAv↑,
6010- CGA,    The Biological Activity Mechanism of Chlorogenic Acid and Its Applications in Food Industry: A Review
- Review, Nor, NA
*antiOx↑, *hepatoP↑, *RenoP↑, AntiTum↑, *glucose↝, *Inflam↓, *neuroP↑, *ROS↓, *Keap1↓, *NRF2↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *GPx↑, *GSH↑, *MDA↓, *p‑ERK↑, *GRP78/BiP↑, *CHOP↑, *GRP94↑, *Casp3↓, *Casp9↓, *HGF/c-Met↑, *TNF-α↓, *TLR4↓, *MAPK↓, *IL1β↓, *iNOS↓, TCA↓, Glycolysis↓, Bcl-2↓, BAX↑, MAPK↑, JNK↑, CSCs↓, Nanog↓, SOX2↓, CD44↓, OCT4↓, P53↑, P21↑, *SOD1↑, *AGEs↓, *GLUT2↑, *HDL↑, *Fas↓, *HMG-CoA↓, *NF-kB↓, *HO-1↓, *COX2↓, *TLR4↓, *BioAv↑, *BioAv↝, TumCP↓, TumCMig↓, TumCI↓,
6011- CGA,    Chlorogenic Acid’s Role in Metabolic Health: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential
- Review, Nor, NA
*BioAv↓, *antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *Bacteria↓, *hepatoP↑, *cardioP↑, *neuroP↑, *ROS↓, *NF-kB↓, *NRF2↑, *Obesity↓, *GutMicro↑, *AntiAg↑, *cardioP↑, *AntiDiabetic↑, *NLRP3↓, *OCLN↓, *VEGF↓, BioAv↝,
6128- CHr,    Chrysin: A Comprehensive Review of Its Pharmacological Properties and Therapeutic Potential
- Review, Nor, NA - Review, Var, NA - Review, AD, NA
*antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, AntiCan↑, *neuroP↑, *ROS↓, *BioAv↓, *BioAv↑, *cardioP↑, *COX2↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *NF-kB↓, *lipid-P↓, *Apoptosis↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *MDA↓, *GSH↑, *SOD↑, *GPx↑, *GSR↑, *Catalase↑, *5HT↑, *Casp3↓, *Casp9↓, TumCCA↑, MAPK↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, TumCP↓, TET1↑, TLR4↓, HER2/EBBR2↓, HK2↓, Glycolysis↓, glucose↓, lactateProd↓, ROS↑, mTOR↓, TumAuto↑, tumCV↓, ER Stress↑, UPR↑, PERK↑, ATF4↑, eIF2α↑, BioAv↑,
2807- CHr,    Evidence-based mechanistic role of chrysin towards protection of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in rats
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*antiOx↑, Inflam↓, *cardioP↑, *GSH↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *GAPDH↑, *BAX↓, *Bcl-2↑, *PARP↓, *Cyt‑c↓, *Casp3↓, *NOX4↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *HSP70/HSPA5↑,
6623- Cic,  MTX,    Chicoric acid prevents methotrexate hepatotoxicity via attenuation of oxidative stress and inflammation and up-regulation of PPARγ and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*antiOx↑, *hepatoP↑, *ROS↓, *lipid-P↓, *TAC↑, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *NQO1↑, *PPARγ↑, *Inflam↓, *Apoptosis↓, *Bcl-2↑, *BAX↓, *Cyt‑c↓, *Casp3↓,
6632- Cic,    Chicoric Acid Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Oxidative Stress via Promoting the Keap1/Nrf2 Transcriptional Signaling Pathway in BV-2 Microglial Cells and Mouse Brain
- vitro+vivo, Nor, NA
*antiOx↑, *Obesity↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *NQO1↑, *ROS↓, *GSH↑, *Catalase↑, *SOD↑, *ATP↑, *COX2↓, *iNOS↓, *neuroP↑,
5798- CRMs,    Caloric restriction mimetics improve gut microbiota: a promising neurotherapeutics approach for managing age-related neurodegenerative disorders
- Review, Nor, NA - Review, AD, NA
*GutMicro↑, *neuroP↑, *eff↑, *Dose↝, *AMPK↑, *SIRT1↑, *mTOR↓, *NRF2↑, *p‑tau↓,
6300- Cro,    Interaction of saffron and its constituents with Nrf2 signaling pathway: A review
- Review, Nor, NA - Review, Arthritis, NA
*antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *AntiTum↑, *hepatoP↑, *cardioP↑, *neuroP↑, *NRF2↑, *NF-kB↓, *iNOS↓, *COX2↓, *IL6↓, *IL10↓, *IL1β↓, *TNF-α↓, *HO-1↑, ROS↑, NQO1↑, NRF2↑, HO-1↑, NQO2↑, LDHA↓, ATP↓, *hepatoP↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *GPx↑, *NRF2↑, *ROS↓, *cardioP↑, *ER Stress↓, *GRP78/BiP↓, *CHOP↓, *Apoptosis↓, *miR-34a↓, *SIRT1↑, chemoP↑,
6299- Cro,    Protective Effects of Crocetin on Arsenic Trioxide-Induced Hepatic Injury: Involvement of Suppression in Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Through Activation of Nrf2 Signaling Pathway in Rats
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*ALAT↓, *AST↓, *ALP↓, *MDA↓, *ROS↓, *Catalase↑, *SOD↑, *IL6↓, *IL1β↓, *TNF-α↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *NADPH↑, *NQO1↑, *hepatoP↑, *GSH↑,
6297- Cro,    Crocetin Exerts Its Anti-inflammatory Property in LPS-Induced RAW264.7 Cells Potentially via Modulation on the Crosstalk between MEK1/JNK/NF-κB/iNOS Pathway and Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway
- in-vitro, Nor, RAW264.7
*NO↓, *iNOS↓, *Inflam↓, *MEK↓, JNK↓, NF-kB↓, NRF2↑, HO-1↑, hepatoP↑, neuroP↑,
6531- CRV,    D-carvone attenuates LPS-induced acute lung injury via TLR4/NF-κB and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways in rats
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*TRAF1↓, *IL1β↓, *TNF-α↓, *ROS↓, *MDA↓, *GSH↑, *SOD↑, *Inflam↓, *NRF2↑, *Bcl-2↑, *IL8↓, *antiOx↑,
6529- CRV,    D-Carvone Attenuates CCl4-Induced Liver Fibrosis in Rats by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and TGF-ß 1/SMAD3 Signaling Pathway
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*ALAT↓, *AST↓, *MDA↓, *SOD↑, *GSH↑, *TAC↑, *eff↑, *TGF-β1↓, *SMAD3↓, *MMP9↑, *NRF2↑, *antiOx↑, *hepatoP↑, *Inflam↓, *NF-kB↓, *NO↓, *cAMP↑, *ROS↓,
6421- CUR,    Curcumin simultaneously improves mitochondrial dynamics and myocardial cell bioenergy after sepsis via the SIRT1-DRP1/PGC-1α pathway
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*SIRT1↓, *PGC-1α↑, *NRF2↑, *DRP1/DNM1L↓, *Sepsis↓, *OS↑, *cardioP↑,
2272- dietMet,    Methionine restriction - Association with redox homeostasis and implications on aging and diseases
- Review, Nor, NA
*OS↑, *mt-ROS↓, *H2S↑, *FGF21↑, *cognitive↑, *GutMicro↑, *IGF-1↓, *mTOR↓, *GSH↑, *SOD↑, *MDA↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *NQO1↑, *GLUT4↑, *Glycolysis↑, *HK2↑, *PFK↑, *PKM2↑, *GlucoseCon↑, *ATF4↑, *PPARα↑, GSH↓, GSTs↑, ROS↑, *neuroP↑,
3221- EGCG,    EGCG upregulates phase-2 detoxifying and antioxidant enzymes via the Nrf2 signaling pathway in human breast epithelial cells
- in-vitro, Nor, MCF10
*antiOx↑, *GSTA1↑, *NRF2↑,
3210- EGCG,    Protective effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) via Nrf2 pathway against oxalate-induced epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) of renal tubular cells
- in-vitro, Nor, NA
*ROS↓, *NRF2↑, *Catalase↑, *antiOx↑,
3214- EGCG,    EGCG-induced selective death of cancer cells through autophagy-dependent regulation of the p62-mediated antioxidant survival pathway
- in-vitro, Nor, MRC-5 - in-vitro, Cerv, HeLa - in-vitro, Nor, HEK293 - in-vitro, BC, MDA-MB-231 - in-vitro, CRC, HCT116
mTOR↓, AMPK↑, selectivity↑, ROS↑, selectivity↑, HO-1↓, *NRF2↑, NRF2↓, *HO-1↑,
1974- EGCG,    Protective Effect of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate in Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Damage in Chicken Lymphocytes
- in-vitro, Nor, NA
*ROS↓, *NO↓, *MMP↑, *i-Ca+2↓, *HO-1↑, *Catalase↑, *NRF2↑, *Trx1↑, *antiOx↑, *SOD↑, *Apoptosis↓,
6356- Eug,  Cin,    Investigating the Molecular Mechanisms of the Anticancer Effects of Eugenol and Cinnamaldehyde Against Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Cells In Vitro
- in-vitro, CRC, SW-620 - in-vitro, CRC, Caco-2 - in-vitro, Nor, NCM460
P21↑, ChemoSen↑, Casp3↑, IL4↓, IL8↓, ROS↑, NRF2↑, HO-1↑, EMT↓,
2861- FIS,    The neuroprotective effects of fisetin, a natural flavonoid in neurodegenerative diseases: Focus on the role of oxidative stress
- Review, Nor, NA - Review, Stroke, NA - Review, Park, NA
*antiOx↑, *ROS↓, *neuroP↑, *NO↑, BioAv↝, *BBB↑, *toxicity↑, *eff↑, *GSH↑, *SOD↑, *Aβ↓, *12LOX↓, *COX2↓, *Catalase↑, *Inflam↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL6↑, *lipid-P↓, NF-kB↓, IL1β↓, NRF2↑, HO-1↑, GSTs↑, cognitive↑, *BDNF↑,
1635- HCA,    Hydroxycitric acid prevents hyperoxaluric-induced nephrolithiasis and oxidative stress via activation of the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway
- vitro+vivo, Nor, NA
*other↓, *ROS↓, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *MDA↓, *NRF2↑,
1638- HCAs,    Anticancer potential of hydroxycinnamic acids: mechanisms, bioavailability, and therapeutic applications
- Review, Nor, NA
*BioAv↓, Inflam↓, COX2↓, TumCCA↑, ChemoSen↑, RadioS↑, selectivity↑, ROS↑, DNAdam↑, antiOx↑, SOD↑, Catalase↑, GPx↑, GSH↑, NRF2↑, NF-kB↓, Cyc↓, CDK1↑, P21↑, p27↑, P53↑, VEGF↓, MAPK↓,
2873- HNK,    Honokiol Alleviates Oxidative Stress-Induced Neurotoxicity via Activation of Nrf2
- in-vitro, Nor, PC12
*neuroP↑, *GSH↑, *HO-1↑, *NADPH↑, *Trx1↑, *TrxR1↑, *NRF2↑, *ROS↓, *antiOx↑, *BBB↑, Dose↓,

Showing Research Papers: 1 to 50 of 110
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* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 110

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

antiOx↑, 1,   Catalase↑, 1,   GCLC↑, 1,   GPx↑, 1,   GSH↓, 1,   GSH↑, 1,   GSTs↑, 2,   HO-1↓, 2,   HO-1↑, 5,   Keap1↓, 1,   lipid-P↑, 1,   NQO1↑, 2,   NRF2↓, 1,   NRF2↑, 8,   ROS↑, 8,   ROS∅, 1,   SOD↑, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

ATP↓, 1,   ETC↓, 1,   MMP↓, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

AMPK↑, 1,   glucose↓, 1,   Glycolysis↓, 2,   HK2↓, 1,   lactateProd↓, 1,   LDHA↓, 1,   TCA↓, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Akt↓, 1,   Apoptosis↑, 1,   BAX↑, 1,   Bcl-2↓, 1,   Casp3↑, 1,   JNK↓, 1,   JNK↑, 1,   MAPK↓, 2,   MAPK↑, 1,   p27↑, 1,  

Kinase & Signal Transduction ⓘ

HER2/EBBR2↓, 1,   SOX9↓, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

other↝, 1,   tumCV↓, 1,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

eIF2α↑, 1,   ER Stress↑, 1,   NQO2↑, 1,   PERK↑, 1,   UPR↑, 2,  

Autophagy & Lysosomes ⓘ

TumAuto↑, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

DNAdam↑, 2,   P53↑, 2,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ

CDK1↑, 1,   Cyc↓, 1,   P21↑, 3,   TumCCA↑, 3,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

CD44↓, 1,   CSCs↓, 1,   EMT↓, 1,   mTOR↓, 2,   Nanog↓, 1,   OCT4↓, 1,   PI3K↓, 1,   RUNX2↓, 1,   SOX2↓, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

TET1↑, 1,   TumCI↓, 1,   TumCMig↓, 1,   TumCP↓, 3,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

ATF4↑, 1,   Hif1a↓, 1,   VEGF↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

COX2↓, 1,   IL1β↓, 1,   IL4↓, 1,   IL8↓, 1,   Inflam↓, 2,   NF-kB↓, 3,   PGE2↓, 1,   TLR4↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↑, 2,   BioAv↝, 2,   ChemoSen↑, 2,   Dose↓, 1,   eff↑, 2,   RadioS↑, 1,   selectivity↑, 5,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

HER2/EBBR2↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 2,   AntiTum↑, 1,   chemoP↑, 3,   cognitive↑, 1,   hepatoP↑, 1,   neuroP↑, 1,  
Total Targets: 91

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


NA, unassigned ⓘ

DRP1/DNM1L↓, 1,   TFAM↑, 1,  

Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

antiOx↑, 23,   Catalase↑, 13,   Ferroptosis↓, 1,   GPx↓, 1,   GPx↑, 4,   GSH↑, 15,   GSR↑, 2,   GSS↑, 1,   GSTA1↑, 1,   HDL↑, 1,   HO-1↓, 1,   HO-1↑, 21,   Keap1↓, 3,   lipid-P↓, 6,   MDA↓, 14,   NOX4↓, 1,   NQO1↑, 7,   NRF2↑, 42,   p‑NRF2↑, 2,   PARK2↑, 1,   ROS↓, 28,   ROS↑, 1,   ROS⇅, 1,   mt-ROS↓, 1,   SIRT3↑, 1,   SOD?, 1,   SOD↑, 16,   SOD1↑, 2,   TAC↑, 3,   Trx↑, 1,   Trx1↑, 2,   TrxR1↑, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

ATP↑, 2,   MEK↓, 1,   MMP↓, 1,   MMP↑, 2,   mtDam↓, 1,   PGC-1α↑, 1,   PINK1↑, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

12LOX↓, 2,   ALAT↓, 4,   AMPK↑, 3,   cAMP↑, 1,   FGF21↑, 1,   GAPDH↑, 1,   glucose↝, 1,   GlucoseCon↑, 1,   GLUT2↑, 1,   Glycolysis↑, 1,   H2S↑, 1,   HK2↑, 1,   HMG-CoA↓, 1,   LDHA↓, 1,   NADPH↓, 1,   NADPH↑, 2,   PFK↑, 1,   PKM2↓, 2,   PKM2↑, 1,   PPARα↑, 1,   PPARγ↑, 2,   SIRT1↓, 1,   SIRT1↑, 2,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Akt↑, 1,   Apoptosis↓, 6,   BAX↓, 2,   Bax:Bcl2↓, 2,   Bcl-2↑, 3,   Casp3↓, 4,   cl‑Casp3↓, 1,   Casp9↓, 2,   Cyt‑c↓, 2,   Fas↓, 1,   Ferroptosis↓, 1,   HGF/c-Met↑, 1,   iNOS↓, 4,   JNK↑, 1,   p‑JNK↓, 1,   MAPK↓, 2,   p‑p38↓, 1,  

Kinase & Signal Transduction ⓘ

TRPV3↑, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

other↓, 1,   other↝, 1,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

CHOP↓, 1,   CHOP↑, 2,   cl‑eIF2α↑, 1,   ER Stress↓, 1,   GRP78/BiP↓, 1,   GRP78/BiP↑, 2,   GRP94↑, 1,   HSP70/HSPA5↑, 1,   p‑PERK↑, 1,  

Autophagy & Lysosomes ⓘ

Beclin-1↑, 1,   LC3B↑, 1,   p62↓, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

DNAdam↓, 2,   DNMT1↓, 1,   DNMT3A↓, 1,   PARP↓, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

p‑ERK↓, 1,   p‑ERK↑, 1,   HDAC↓, 1,   IGF-1↓, 1,   miR-34a↓, 1,   mTOR↓, 2,   PI3K↓, 1,   p‑PTEN↑, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

5LO↓, 1,   AntiAg↑, 2,   Ca+2↑, 1,   i-Ca+2↓, 1,   heparanase↑, 1,   MMP9↑, 1,   SMAD3↓, 1,   TGF-β↓, 1,   TGF-β1↓, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

angioG↓, 1,   ATF4↑, 1,   Hif1a↓, 1,   NO↓, 3,   NO↑, 1,   VEGF↓, 1,  

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

BBB↑, 2,   GastroP↑, 1,   GLUT4↑, 1,   OCLN↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

COX2↓, 7,   CRP↓, 1,   IL10↓, 2,   IL10↑, 1,   IL1β↓, 8,   IL6↓, 3,   IL6↑, 2,   IL8↓, 1,   Inflam↓, 19,   NF-kB↓, 12,   p65↓, 1,   TLR4↓, 3,   TNF-α↓, 10,   TRAF1↓, 1,  

Cellular Microenvironment ⓘ

NOX↓, 1,  

Synaptic & Neurotransmission ⓘ

5HT↑, 1,   AChE↓, 1,   BChE↓, 1,   BDNF↑, 1,   p‑tau↓, 1,  

Protein Aggregation ⓘ

AGEs↓, 1,   Aβ↓, 1,   NLRP3↓, 3,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↓, 4,   BioAv↑, 6,   BioAv↝, 2,   ChemoSen↑, 1,   Dose↝, 1,   eff↑, 5,   Half-Life↓, 1,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

ALAT↓, 4,   ALP↓, 3,   AST↓, 4,   BloodF↑, 1,   CRP↓, 1,   GutMicro↑, 3,   IL6↓, 3,   IL6↑, 2,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 1,   AntiDiabetic↑, 1,   AntiTum↑, 1,   cardioP↑, 12,   chemoPv↑, 1,   cognitive↑, 2,   hepatoP↑, 9,   neuroP↑, 13,   NP/CIPN↓, 1,   Obesity↓, 3,   OS↑, 2,   Pain↓, 2,   RenoP↑, 3,   toxicity↓, 4,   toxicity↑, 1,   toxicity↝, 1,  

Infection & Microbiome ⓘ

AntiViral↑, 1,   Bacteria↓, 2,   Diar↓, 1,   Sepsis↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 185

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: NRF2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
9 Shikonin
9 Thymoquinone
6 doxorubicin
5 Sulforaphane (mainly Broccoli)
4 Selenium
4 EGCG (Epigallocatechin Gallate)
4 Propolis -bee glue
4 Resveratrol
4 Quercetin
3 Selenite (Sodium)
3 Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
3 Baicalein
3 Boron
3 Crocetin
3 Lycopene
3 Piperlongumine
3 Silymarin (Milk Thistle) silibinin
2 Silver-NanoParticles
2 Cisplatin
2 Apigenin (mainly Parsley)
2 Artemisinin
2 Beta-Caryophyllene
2 Betulinic acid
2 Carnosic acid
2 Carvacrol
2 Chlorogenic acid
2 Chrysin
2 Cichoric acid / Chicoric acid
2 Carvone
2 Curcumin
2 Honokiol
2 Luteolin
2 Parthenolide
1 1,8-Cineole
1 Alpha-Lipoic-Acid
1 Berberine
1 Cannabidiol
1 Boswellia (frankincense)
1 Capsaicin
1 Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE)
1 Thymol-Thymus vulgaris
1 Catechins
1 methotrexate
1 Calorie Restriction Mimetics
1 diet Methionine-Restricted Diet
1 Eugenol
1 Cinnamon
1 Fisetin
1 HydroxyCitric Acid
1 Hydroxycinnamic-acid
1 Metformin
1 Magnetic Fields
1 Phenethyl isothiocyanate
1 Radiotherapy/Radiation
1 Pterostilbene
1 Rosmarinic acid
1 Chemotherapy
1 5-fluorouracil
1 Vitamin K2
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:49  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:226  State#:%  Dir#:2
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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