P21 Cancer Research Results

P21, P21/CDKN1A: Click to Expand ⟱
Source:
Type: Proapototic
cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 (also known as p21 WAF1/Cip1) promotes cell cycle arrest in response to many stimuli.
P21 is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor that plays a crucial role in regulating the cell cycle. It is encoded by the CDKN1A gene and is a key player in the cellular response to stress, including DNA damage.
P21 is often considered a tumor suppressor because its expression is upregulated in response to p53 activation, a well-known tumor suppressor protein. When DNA damage occurs, p53 can activate the transcription of the CDKN1A gene, leading to increased levels of P21, which helps prevent the proliferation of damaged cells.
In many cancers, the p53 pathway is disrupted, leading to decreased levels of P21. p21 is a apoptotic marker protein.
Cell cycle arrest gene p21
Field Suggested Entry
Target CDKN1A / p21 / p21Cip1/Waf1
Full Name Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A
Target Class CIP/KIP-family cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor
Main Binding Partners CDK2, CDK1, CDK4/6, cyclin complexes, PCNA
Primary Biology p53-mediated cell-cycle arrest, DNA damage response, senescence, differentiation, CDK inhibition, RB/E2F pathway suppression, apoptosis regulation
Cancer Relevance High but context-dependent: p21 can suppress tumor growth through cell-cycle arrest and senescence, but can also support apoptosis resistance, senescent-cell survival, and therapy resistance in some tumors
AD Relevance Medium: indirect relevance through neuronal cell-cycle re-entry, senescence, p53 stress signaling, and aging-related cell-cycle dysregulation
Therapeutic Direction Context-dependent. Restore/activate p21 for tumor-suppressive arrest where appropriate; inhibit or bypass p21 where it promotes apoptosis resistance, senescent-cell survival, or treatment resistance.


Nor, Normal Healthy: Click to Expand ⟱
Normal Healthy
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
4430- AgNPs,    Evaluation of the Genotoxic and Oxidative Damage Potential of Silver Nanoparticles in Human NCM460 and HCT116 Cells
- in-vitro, Colon, HCT116 - in-vitro, Nor, NCM460
*Bacteria↓, ROS↑, p‑p38↑, BAX↑, Bcl-2↓, BAX↑, P21↑, TumCD↑, toxicity↝,
6496- BCP,    β-Caryophyllene Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits Angiogenesis in Colorectal Cancer Models
- vitro+vivo, CRC, HCT116 - in-vitro, Nor, HUVECs
angioG↓, VEGF↓, TumVol↓, Apoptosis↑, HSP60/HSPD1↓, HTRA↓, survivin↓, XIAP↓, P21↑, *toxicity↓, *neuroP↑, *ROS↓, *COX2↓, *Inflam↓, *cardioP↑, AntiCan↑, ChemoSen↑, ROS↑, MMP↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, TumCG↓,
6010- CGA,    The Biological Activity Mechanism of Chlorogenic Acid and Its Applications in Food Industry: A Review
- Review, Nor, NA
*antiOx↑, *hepatoP↑, *RenoP↑, AntiTum↑, *glucose↝, *Inflam↓, *neuroP↑, *ROS↓, *Keap1↓, *NRF2↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *GPx↑, *GSH↑, *MDA↓, *p‑ERK↑, *GRP78/BiP↑, *CHOP/DDIT3↑, *GRP94↑, *Casp3↓, *Casp9↓, *HGF/c-Met↑, *TNF-α↓, *TLR4↓, *MAPK↓, *IL1β↓, *iNOS↓, TCA↓, Glycolysis↓, Bcl-2↓, BAX↑, MAPK↑, JNK↑, CSCs↓, Nanog↓, SOX2↓, CD44↓, OCT4↓, P53↑, P21↑, *SOD1↑, *AGEs↓, *GLUT2↑, *HDL↑, *Fas↓, *HMG-CoA↓, *NF-kB↓, *HO-1↓, *COX2↓, *TLR4↓, *BioAv↑, *BioAv↝, TumCP↓, TumCMig↓, TumCI↓,
6720- CUR,  SFN,  DHCA,    Synergistic Combinations of Curcumin, Sulforaphane, and Dihydrocaffeic Acid against Human Colon Cancer Cells
- in-vitro, Colon, HT29 - in-vitro, Colon, Caco-2 - in-vitro, Nor, FHC
selectivity↑, TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, ROS↑, MMP↓, ROS⇅, ERK↑, JNK↑, MAPK↑, P21↑, cycD1/CCND1↓, Cyt‑c↑,
6277- DL,  docx,    d-Limonene sensitizes docetaxel-induced cytotoxicity in human prostate cancer cells: Generation of reactive oxygen species and induction of apoptosis
- in-vitro, Pca, DU145 - in-vitro, Nor, PZ-HPV-7
ChemoSen↑, selectivity↑, ROS↑, GSH↓, Casp↑, eff↓, TumCP↓, cl‑Casp9↑, cl‑Casp3↑, P21↑, BAD↑, cl‑PARP↑, Bcl-xL↓, P53↑, mtDam↑, *toxicity↓,
1332- EMD,    Induction of Apoptosis in HepaRG Cell Line by Aloe-Emodin through Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species and the Mitochondrial Pathway
- in-vivo, Nor, HepaRG
*tumCV↓, *ROS↑, *MMP↓, *Fas↑, *P53↑, *P21↑, *Bax:Bcl2↑, *Casp3↑, *Casp8↑, *Casp9↑, *cl‑PARP↑, *TumCCA↑, *P21↑, *cycE/CCNE↑, *cycA1/CCNA1↓, *CDK2↓,
6356- Eug,  Cin,    Investigating the Molecular Mechanisms of the Anticancer Effects of Eugenol and Cinnamaldehyde Against Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Cells In Vitro
- in-vitro, CRC, SW-620 - in-vitro, CRC, Caco-2 - in-vitro, Nor, NCM460
P21↑, ChemoSen↑, Casp3↑, IL4↓, IL8↓, ROS↑, NRF2↑, HO-1↑, EMT↓,
7029- GA,    Gallic acid induces G1 phase arrest and apoptosis of triple-negative breast cancer cell MDA-MB-231 via p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase/p21/p27 axis
- in-vitro, BC, MDA-MB-231 - in-vitro, BC, HS587T - in-vitro, Nor, MCF10
AntiTum↑, tumCV↓, selectivity↑, TumCCA↑, cycD1/CCND1↓, CDK4↓, cycE/CCNE↓, CDK2↓, P21↑, p27/CDKN1B↑, Casp9↑, Casp3↑, ROS↑, mtDam↑, i-Ca+2↑, *ROS↓, *Apoptosis↓, TumCG↓,
1638- HCAs,    Anticancer potential of hydroxycinnamic acids: mechanisms, bioavailability, and therapeutic applications
- Review, Nor, NA
*BioAv↓, Inflam↓, COX2↓, TumCCA↑, ChemoSen↑, RadioS↑, selectivity↑, ROS↑, DNAdam↑, antiOx↑, SOD↑, Catalase↑, GPx↑, GSH↑, NRF2↑, NF-kB↓, Cyc↓, CDK1↑, P21↑, p27/CDKN1B↑, P53↑, VEGF↓, MAPK↓,
2915- LT,    Luteolin promotes apoptotic cell death via upregulation of Nrf2 expression by DNA demethylase and the interaction of Nrf2 with p53 in human colon cancer cells
- in-vitro, Colon, HT29 - in-vitro, CRC, SNU-407 - in-vitro, Nor, FHC
DNMTs↓, TET1↑, NRF2↑, HDAC↓, tumCV↓, BAX↑, Casp9↑, Casp3↑, Bcl-2↓, ROS↓, GSS↑, Catalase↑, HO-1↑, DNMT1↓, DNMT3A↓, TET1↑, TET3↑, TET2↓, P53↑, P21↑,
2255- MF,    Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields Induce Skeletal Muscle Cell Repair by Sustaining the Expression of Proteins Involved in the Response to Cellular Damage and Oxidative Stress
- in-vitro, Nor, SkMC
*HSP70/HSPA5↑, *Apoptosis↓, *Inflam↓, *Trx↓, *PONs↓, *SOD2↓, *TumCG↑, *Diff↑, *HIF2a↑, *Cyt‑c↑, P21↑,
3056- RES,    Less is more for cancer chemoprevention: evidence of a non-linear dose response for the protective effects of resveratrol in humans and mice
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*AMPK↑, *P21↑, *Dose↓, *chemoPv↑,
1500- SFN,    A novel mechanism of chemoprotection by sulforaphane: inhibition of histone deacetylase
- in-vitro, Nor, HEK293 - in-vitro, CRC, HCT116
HDAC↓, P21↑, TOPflash↑,
1497- SFN,    Differential effects of sulforaphane on histone deacetylases, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in normal prostate cells versus hyperplastic and cancerous prostate cells
- in-vitro, Nor, PrEC - in-vitro, Pca, LNCaP - in-vitro, Pca, PC3
HDAC↓, selectivity↑, TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, selectivity↑, H3↑, P21↑, selectivity↑,
3421- TQ,    Insights into the molecular interactions of thymoquinone with histone deacetylase: evaluation of the therapeutic intervention potential against breast cancer
- Analysis, Nor, NA - in-vivo, Nor, NA - in-vitro, BC, MCF7 - in-vitro, Nor, HaCaT
HDAC↓, P21↑, Maspin↑, BAX↑, B2M↓, TumCCA↑, selectivity↑, *toxicity↓, TumCMig↓, TumCP↓,

Showing Research Papers: 1 to 15 of 15

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 15

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


NA, unassigned(tgid=0) ⓘ

HSP60/HSPD1↓, 1,   HTRA↓, 1,  

Redox & Oxidative Stress(tgid=1) ⓘ

antiOx↑, 1,   Catalase↑, 2,   GPx↑, 1,   GSH↓, 1,   GSH↑, 1,   GSS↑, 1,   HO-1↑, 2,   NRF2↑, 3,   ROS↓, 1,   ROS↑, 7,   ROS⇅, 1,   SOD↑, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics(tgid=3) ⓘ

MMP↓, 1,   MMP↑, 1,   mtDam↑, 2,   XIAP↓, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis(tgid=4) ⓘ

Glycolysis↓, 1,   TCA↓, 1,  

Cell Death(tgid=5) ⓘ

Apoptosis↑, 3,   BAD↑, 1,   BAX↑, 5,   Bax:Bcl2↑, 1,   Bcl-2↓, 3,   Bcl-xL↓, 1,   Casp↑, 1,   Casp3↑, 3,   cl‑Casp3↑, 1,   Casp9↑, 2,   cl‑Casp9↑, 1,   Cyt‑c↑, 1,   JNK↑, 2,   MAPK↓, 1,   MAPK↑, 2,   p27/CDKN1B↑, 2,   p‑p38↑, 1,   survivin↓, 1,   TumCD↑, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics(tgid=7) ⓘ

H3↑, 1,   TET3↑, 1,   tumCV↓, 2,  

DNA Damage & Repair(tgid=10) ⓘ

DNAdam↑, 1,   DNMT1↓, 1,   DNMT3A↓, 1,   DNMTs↓, 1,   P53↑, 4,   cl‑PARP↑, 1,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence(tgid=11) ⓘ

CDK1↑, 1,   CDK2↓, 1,   CDK4↓, 1,   Cyc↓, 1,   cycD1/CCND1↓, 2,   cycE/CCNE↓, 1,   P21↑, 13,   TumCCA↑, 5,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State(tgid=12) ⓘ

CD44↓, 1,   CSCs↓, 1,   EMT↓, 1,   ERK↑, 1,   HDAC↓, 4,   Nanog↓, 1,   OCT4↓, 1,   SOX2↓, 1,   TOPflash↑, 1,   TumCG↓, 2,  

Migration(tgid=13) ⓘ

i-Ca+2↑, 1,   TET1↑, 2,   TumCI↓, 1,   TumCMig↓, 2,   TumCP↓, 3,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature(tgid=14) ⓘ

angioG↓, 1,   VEGF↓, 2,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling(tgid=16) ⓘ

B2M↓, 1,   COX2↓, 1,   IL4↓, 1,   IL8↓, 1,   Inflam↓, 1,   NF-kB↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance(tgid=21) ⓘ

ChemoSen↑, 4,   eff↓, 1,   RadioS↑, 1,   selectivity↑, 8,   TET2↓, 1,  

Clinical Biomarkers(tgid=22) ⓘ

B2M↓, 1,   Maspin↑, 1,  

Functional Outcomes(tgid=23) ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 1,   AntiTum↑, 2,   toxicity↝, 1,   TumVol↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 90

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress(tgid=1) ⓘ

antiOx↑, 1,   Catalase↑, 1,   GPx↑, 1,   GSH↑, 1,   HDL↑, 1,   HO-1↓, 1,   Keap1↓, 1,   MDA↓, 1,   NRF2↑, 1,   ROS↓, 3,   ROS↑, 1,   SOD↑, 1,   SOD1↑, 1,   SOD2↓, 1,   Trx↓, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics(tgid=3) ⓘ

MMP↓, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis(tgid=4) ⓘ

AMPK↑, 1,   glucose↝, 1,   GLUT2↑, 1,   HMG-CoA↓, 1,   PONs↓, 1,  

Cell Death(tgid=5) ⓘ

Apoptosis↓, 2,   Bax:Bcl2↑, 1,   Casp3↓, 1,   Casp3↑, 1,   Casp8↑, 1,   Casp9↓, 1,   Casp9↑, 1,   Cyt‑c↑, 1,   Fas↓, 1,   Fas↑, 1,   HGF/c-Met↑, 1,   iNOS↓, 1,   MAPK↓, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics(tgid=7) ⓘ

tumCV↓, 1,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress(tgid=8) ⓘ

CHOP/DDIT3↑, 1,   GRP78/BiP↑, 1,   GRP94↑, 1,   HSP70/HSPA5↑, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair(tgid=10) ⓘ

P53↑, 1,   cl‑PARP↑, 1,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence(tgid=11) ⓘ

CDK2↓, 1,   cycA1/CCNA1↓, 1,   cycE/CCNE↑, 1,   P21↑, 3,   TumCCA↑, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State(tgid=12) ⓘ

Diff↑, 1,   p‑ERK↑, 1,   TumCG↑, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature(tgid=14) ⓘ

HIF2a↑, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling(tgid=16) ⓘ

COX2↓, 2,   IL1β↓, 1,   Inflam↓, 3,   NF-kB↓, 1,   TLR4↓, 2,   TNF-α↓, 1,  

Protein Aggregation(tgid=19) ⓘ

AGEs↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance(tgid=21) ⓘ

BioAv↓, 1,   BioAv↑, 1,   BioAv↝, 1,   Dose↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes(tgid=23) ⓘ

cardioP↑, 1,   chemoPv↑, 1,   hepatoP↑, 1,   neuroP↑, 2,   RenoP↑, 1,   toxicity↓, 3,  

Infection & Microbiome(tgid=24) ⓘ

Bacteria↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 68

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: P21, P21/CDKN1A
3 Sulforaphane (mainly Broccoli)
1 Silver-NanoParticles
1 Beta-Caryophyllene
1 Chlorogenic acid
1 Curcumin
1 Dihydrocaffeic Acid
1 D-limonene
1 Docetaxel
1 Emodin
1 Eugenol
1 Cinnamon
1 Gallic acid
1 Hydroxycinnamic-acid
1 Luteolin
1 Magnetic Fields
1 Resveratrol
1 Thymoquinone
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:49  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:234  State#:%  Dir#:2
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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