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| Tumor cell invasion is a critical process in cancer progression and metastasis, where cancer cells spread from the primary tumor to surrounding tissues and distant organs. This process involves several key steps and mechanisms: 1.Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT): Many tumors originate from epithelial cells, which are typically organized in layers. During EMT, these cells lose their epithelial characteristics (such as cell-cell adhesion) and gain mesenchymal traits (such as increased motility). This transition is crucial for invasion. 2.Degradation of Extracellular Matrix (ECM): Tumor cells secrete enzymes, such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), that degrade the ECM, allowing cancer cells to invade surrounding tissues. This degradation facilitates the movement of cancer cells through the tissue. 3.Cell Migration: Once the ECM is degraded, cancer cells can migrate. They often use various mechanisms, including amoeboid movement and mesenchymal migration, to move through the tissue. This migration is influenced by various signaling pathways and the tumor microenvironment. 4.Angiogenesis: As tumors grow, they require a blood supply to provide nutrients and oxygen. Tumor cells can stimulate the formation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis) through the release of growth factors like vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). This not only supports tumor growth but also provides a route for cancer cells to enter the bloodstream. 5.Invasion into Blood Vessels (Intravasation): Cancer cells can invade nearby blood vessels, allowing them to enter the circulatory system. This step is crucial for metastasis, as it enables cancer cells to travel to distant sites in the body. 6.Survival in Circulation: Once in the bloodstream, cancer cells must survive the immune response and the shear stress of blood flow. They can form clusters with platelets or other cells to evade detection. 7.Extravasation and Colonization: After traveling through the bloodstream, cancer cells can exit the circulation (extravasation) and invade new tissues. They may then establish secondary tumors (metastases) in distant organs. 8.Tumor Microenvironment: The surrounding microenvironment plays a significant role in tumor invasion. Factors such as immune cells, fibroblasts, and signaling molecules can either promote or inhibit invasion and metastasis. |
| Colorectal cancer is a broader term that encompasses both colon and rectal cancer. |
| 175- | Api, | Apigenin up-regulates transgelin and inhibits invasion and migration of colorectal cancer through decreased phosphorylation of AKT |
| - | vitro+vivo, | CRC, | SW480 | - | vitro+vivo, | CRC, | DLD1 | - | vitro+vivo, | CRC, | LS174T |
| 172- | Api, | Apigenin suppresses colorectal cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion via inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | SW480 | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HTC15 |
| 174- | Api, | Downregulation of NEDD9 by apigenin suppresses migration, invasion, and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | SW480 | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | DLD1 |
| 5398- | Ash, | Withaferin-A inhibits colorectal cancer growth and metastasis by targeting the HSP90/HIF-1α/EMT axis |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HCT116 | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | SW48 |
| 2678- | BBR, | Berberine as a Potential Agent for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer |
| - | Review, | CRC, | NA |
| 2682- | BBR, | Berberine Inhibited Growth and Migration of Human Colon Cancer Cell Lines by Increasing Phosphatase and Tensin and Inhibiting Aquaporins 1, 3 and 5 Expressions |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HT29 | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | SW480 | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HCT116 |
| 2719- | BetA, | Betulinic Acid Restricts Human Bladder Cancer Cell Proliferation In Vitro by Inducing Caspase-Dependent Cell Death and Cell Cycle Arrest, and Decreasing Metastatic Potential |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | T24/HTB-9 | - | in-vitro, | Bladder, | UMUC3 | - | in-vitro, | Bladder, | 5637 |
| 6142- | Cin, | Cinnamaldehyde affects the biological behavior of human colorectal cancer cells and induces apoptosis via inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | LoVo | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | SW48 | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HCT116 |
| 2974- | CUR, | Curcumin Suppresses Metastasis via Sp-1, FAK Inhibition, and E-Cadherin Upregulation in Colorectal Cancer |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HCT116 | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HT29 | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HCT15 | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | COLO205 | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | SW-620 | - | in-vivo, | NA, | NA |
| 830- | GAR, | Garcinol modulates tyrosine phosphorylation of FAK and subsequently induces apoptosis through down-regulation of Src, ERK, and Akt survival signaling in human colon cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HT-29 |
| 858- | Gra, | Annona muricata leaves induce G₁ cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through mitochondria-mediated pathway in human HCT-116 and HT-29 colon cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HT-29 | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HCT116 |
| 4531- | MAG, | Magnolol-induced apoptosis in HCT-116 colon cancer cells is associated with the AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathway |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HCT116 |
| 5599- | NaHCO3, | Acidity generated by the tumor microenvironment drives local invasion |
| - | in-vivo, | BC, | MDA-MB-231 | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HCT116 |
| 4926- | PEITC, | PEITC inhibits the invasion and migration of colorectal cancer cells by blocking TGF-β-induced EMT |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | SW48 |
| 5211- | PI, | Piperine inhibits colorectal cancer migration and invasion by regulating STAT3/Snail-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | NA |
| 877- | RES, | Resveratrol Inhibits Invasion and Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer Cells via MALAT1 Mediated Wnt/β-Catenin Signal Pathway |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | LoVo | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HCT116 |
| 1457- | SFN, | Sulforaphane Inhibits IL-1β-Induced IL-6 by Suppressing ROS Production, AP-1, and STAT3 in Colorectal Cancer HT-29 Cells |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HT-29 |
| 5911- | TV, | Thymol Isolated from Thymus vulgaris L. Inhibits Colorectal Cancer Cell Growth and Metastasis by Suppressing the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway |
| - | vitro+vivo, | CRC, | NA |
| 1820- | VitK3, | Vitamin K3 (menadione) suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal-transition and Wnt signaling pathway in human colorectal cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | SW480 | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | SW-620 |
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers. Such Conditions may include : -low or high Dose -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations -different cell line effects -synergies with other products -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells
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