P21 Cancer Research Results

P21, P21/CDKN1A: Click to Expand ⟱
Source:
Type: Proapototic
cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 (also known as p21 WAF1/Cip1) promotes cell cycle arrest in response to many stimuli.
P21 is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor that plays a crucial role in regulating the cell cycle. It is encoded by the CDKN1A gene and is a key player in the cellular response to stress, including DNA damage.
P21 is often considered a tumor suppressor because its expression is upregulated in response to p53 activation, a well-known tumor suppressor protein. When DNA damage occurs, p53 can activate the transcription of the CDKN1A gene, leading to increased levels of P21, which helps prevent the proliferation of damaged cells.
In many cancers, the p53 pathway is disrupted, leading to decreased levels of P21. p21 is a apoptotic marker protein.
Cell cycle arrest gene p21
Field Suggested Entry
Target CDKN1A / p21 / p21Cip1/Waf1
Full Name Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A
Target Class CIP/KIP-family cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor
Main Binding Partners CDK2, CDK1, CDK4/6, cyclin complexes, PCNA
Primary Biology p53-mediated cell-cycle arrest, DNA damage response, senescence, differentiation, CDK inhibition, RB/E2F pathway suppression, apoptosis regulation
Cancer Relevance High but context-dependent: p21 can suppress tumor growth through cell-cycle arrest and senescence, but can also support apoptosis resistance, senescent-cell survival, and therapy resistance in some tumors
AD Relevance Medium: indirect relevance through neuronal cell-cycle re-entry, senescence, p53 stress signaling, and aging-related cell-cycle dysregulation
Therapeutic Direction Context-dependent. Restore/activate p21 for tumor-suppressive arrest where appropriate; inhibit or bypass p21 where it promotes apoptosis resistance, senescent-cell survival, or treatment resistance.


CRC, Colorectal Cancer: Click to Expand ⟱
Colorectal cancer is a broader term that encompasses both colon and rectal cancer.
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
4774- 5-FU,  TQ,  CoQ10,    Exploring potential additive effects of 5-fluorouracil, thymoquinone, and coenzyme Q10 triple therapy on colon cancer cells in relation to glycolysis and redox status modulation
- in-vitro, CRC, NA
AntiCan↑, TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, eff↑, Bcl-2↓, survivin↓, P21↑, p27/CDKN1B↑, BAX↑, Cyt‑c↑, Casp3↑, PI3K↓, Akt↓, mTOR↓, Hif1a↓, PTEN↑, AMPKα↑, PDH↑, LDHA↓, antiOx↓, ROS↑, AntiCan↑,
4658- BBR,    Berberine Suppresses Stemness and Tumorigenicity of Colorectal Cancer Stem-Like Cells by Inhibiting m6A Methylation
- in-vitro, CRC, HCT116 - in-vitro, CRC, HT29
CSCs↓, TumCP↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, p27/CDKN1B↑, P21↑, TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, ChemoSen↑, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, FTO↑, CD44↓, CD133↓, ChemoSen↑,
6518- BCP,    beta-Caryophyllene Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits Angiogenesis in Colorectal Cancer Models
- vitro+vivo, CRC, HCT116
angioG↓, VEGF↓, TumVol↓, HSP60/HSPD1↓, HTRA↓, survivin↓, XIAP↓, P21↑, TumCP↓, TumCMig↓, TumCG↓, Dose↝,
6496- BCP,    β-Caryophyllene Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits Angiogenesis in Colorectal Cancer Models
- vitro+vivo, CRC, HCT116 - in-vitro, Nor, HUVECs
angioG↓, VEGF↓, TumVol↓, Apoptosis↑, HSP60/HSPD1↓, HTRA↓, survivin↓, XIAP↓, P21↑, *toxicity↓, *neuroP↑, *ROS↓, *COX2↓, *Inflam↓, *cardioP↑, AntiCan↑, ChemoSen↑, ROS↑, MMP↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, TumCG↓,
1427- Bos,    Acetyl-keto-β-boswellic acid inhibits cellular proliferation through a p21-dependent pathway in colon cancer cells
- in-vitro, CRC, HT-29 - in-vitro, CRC, HCT116 - in-vitro, CRC, LS174T
TumCG↓, TumCCA↑, cycD1/CCND1↓, cycE/CCNE↓, CDK2↓, CDK4↓, p‑RB1↓, P21↑,
6615- Cen,    Asiaticoside suppresses cell proliferation by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway in colorectal cancer
- vitro+vivo, CRC, HCT116 - in-vitro, CRC, SW480 - in-vitro, CRC, LoVo
Dose↝, TumCP↓, selectivity↑, MMP↓, Apoptosis↑, TumCCA↑, NF-kB↓, CDK4↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, Casp9↑, Casp3↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, TumCG↓, ChemoSen↑, TNF-α↓, IL1β↓, P53↑, P21↑,
6007- CGA,    A Comprehensive View on the Impact of Chlorogenic Acids on Colorectal Cancer
- Review, CRC, NA
antiOx↑, TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, Wnt↝, PI3K↝, MAPK↝, ROS↓, BioAv↝, P53↑, P21↑, CDK1↑, Ki-67↓, Ca+2↑, p‑Akt↓, mTOR↓, GSH↑, NRF2↑, HO-1↑, COX2↓, TNF-α↓, IL1β↓, IL6↓,
7411- CS,    Long Term Exposure to Polyphenols of Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) Exerts Induction of Senescence Driven Growth Arrest in the MDA-MB231 Human Breast Cancer Cell Line
- in-vitro, BC, MDA-MB-231 - in-vitro, CRC, HCT116
AntiCan↑, chemoPv↑, Apoptosis↑, TumCI↓, Casp↑, p16↑, P21↑, TumCCA↑, ROS↓, eff↓, TumCD↑, TumCG↓, cellSen↑, *ROS↓,
6356- Eug,  Cin,    Investigating the Molecular Mechanisms of the Anticancer Effects of Eugenol and Cinnamaldehyde Against Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Cells In Vitro
- in-vitro, CRC, SW-620 - in-vitro, CRC, Caco-2 - in-vitro, Nor, NCM460
P21↑, ChemoSen↑, Casp3↑, IL4↓, IL8↓, ROS↑, NRF2↑, HO-1↑, EMT↓,
2852- FIS,    A comprehensive view on the fisetin impact on colorectal cancer in animal models: Focusing on cellular and molecular mechanisms
- Review, CRC, NA
Risk↓, P53↑, MDM2↓, COX2↓, Wnt↓, NF-kB↓, CDK2↓, CDK4↓, p‑RB1↓, cycE/CCNE↓, P21↑, NRF2↓, ROS↑, Casp8↑, Fas↑, TRAIL↑, DR5↑, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, selectivity↑, P450↝, GSTs↝, RadioS↑, Inflam↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, EGFR↓, TumCCA↑, ChemoSen↑,
2915- LT,    Luteolin promotes apoptotic cell death via upregulation of Nrf2 expression by DNA demethylase and the interaction of Nrf2 with p53 in human colon cancer cells
- in-vitro, Colon, HT29 - in-vitro, CRC, SNU-407 - in-vitro, Nor, FHC
DNMTs↓, TET1↑, NRF2↑, HDAC↓, tumCV↓, BAX↑, Casp9↑, Casp3↑, Bcl-2↓, ROS↓, GSS↑, Catalase↑, HO-1↑, DNMT1↓, DNMT3A↓, TET1↑, TET3↑, TET2↓, P53↑, P21↑,
4536- MAG,    Magnolol suppresses proliferation of cultured human colon and liver cancer cells by inhibiting DNA synthesis and activating apoptosis
- in-vitro, Liver, HepG2 - in-vivo, CRC, COLO205
AntiCan↑, selectivity↑, TumCCA↑, P21↑, Apoptosis↑,
2945- PL,    Piperlongumine induces ROS mediated cell death and synergizes paclitaxel in human intestinal cancer cells
- in-vitro, CRC, HCT116
ROS↑, SMAD4↑, ChemoSen↑, P53↑, P21↑, BAX↑, Bcl-2↓, survivin↓, TumCMig↓,
1500- SFN,    A novel mechanism of chemoprotection by sulforaphane: inhibition of histone deacetylase
- in-vitro, Nor, HEK293 - in-vitro, CRC, HCT116
HDAC↓, P21↑, TOPflash↑,
5339- TFdiG,    Pre-treated theaflavin-3,3′-digallate has a higher inhibitory effect on the HCT116 cell line
- in-vitro, CRC, HCT116
eff↑, TumCCA↑, Inflam↓, COX2↓, iNOS↓, P53↑, P21↑, cl‑Casp3↑,
3413- TQ,    Thymoquinone induces apoptosis in human colon cancer HCT116 cells through inactivation of STAT3 by blocking JAK2- and Src‑mediated phosphorylation of EGF receptor tyrosine kinase
- in-vitro, CRC, HCT116
tumCV↓, Apoptosis↓, BAX↑, Bcl-2↓, Casp9↑, Casp7↑, Casp3↑, cl‑PARP↑, STAT3↓, survivin↓, cMyc↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, p27/CDKN1B↑, P21↑, EGFR↓, ROS↑,
3397- TQ,    Thymoquinone: A Promising Therapeutic Agent for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer
- Review, CRC, NA
ChemoSen↑, *Half-Life↝, *BioAv↝, *antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *hepatoP↑, TumCP↓, TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, angioG↑, selectivity↑, JNK↑, p38↑, p‑NF-kB↑, ERK↓, PI3K↓, PTEN↑, Akt↓, mTOR↓, EMT↓, Twist↓, E-cadherin↓, ROS⇅, *Catalase↑, *SOD↑, *GSTA1↑, *GPx↑, *PGE2↓, *IL1β↓, *COX2↓, *MMP13↓, MMPs↓, TumMeta↓, VEGF↓, STAT3↓, BAX↑, Bcl-2↑, Casp9↑, Casp7↑, Casp3↑, cl‑PARP↑, survivin↓, cMyc↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, p27/CDKN1B↑, P21↑, GSK‐3β↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, chemoP↑,
5017- UA,    Ursolic acid disturbs ROS homeostasis and regulates survival-associated gene expression to induce apoptosis in intestinal cancer cells
- in-vitro, Cerv, INT-407 - in-vitro, CRC, HCT116
AntiCan↑, TumCG↓, ROS↑, Apoptosis↑, TumCMig↓, CTNNB1↓, Twist↓, Bcl-2↓, survivin↓, NF-kB↓, Sp1/3/4↓, BAX↑, P21↑, P53↑, eff↓, TumCMig↓,
4841- Uro,    Urolithin A induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by inhibiting Bcl-2, increasing p53-p21 proteins and reactive oxygen species production in colorectal cancer cells
- in-vitro, CRC, HT29 - in-vitro, CRC, SW480 - in-vitro, CRC, SW-620
TumCP↓, TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, P53↑, P21↑, Bcl-2↓, Cyt‑c↑, Casp↑, ROS↑, *ROS↓,

Showing Research Papers: 1 to 19 of 19

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 19

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


NA, unassigned(tgid=0) ⓘ

HSP60/HSPD1↓, 2,   HTRA↓, 2,  

Redox & Oxidative Stress(tgid=1) ⓘ

antiOx↓, 1,   antiOx↑, 1,   Catalase↑, 1,   GSH↑, 1,   GSS↑, 1,   GSTs↝, 1,   HO-1↑, 3,   NRF2↓, 1,   NRF2↑, 3,   ROS↓, 3,   ROS↑, 8,   ROS⇅, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics(tgid=3) ⓘ

MMP↓, 2,   MMP↑, 1,   XIAP↓, 2,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis(tgid=4) ⓘ

cMyc↓, 2,   LDHA↓, 1,   PDH↑, 1,  

Cell Death(tgid=5) ⓘ

Akt↓, 2,   p‑Akt↓, 1,   Apoptosis↓, 1,   Apoptosis↑, 10,   BAX↑, 6,   Bax:Bcl2↑, 2,   Bcl-2↓, 6,   Bcl-2↑, 1,   Casp↑, 2,   Casp3↑, 6,   cl‑Casp3↑, 1,   Casp7↑, 2,   Casp8↑, 1,   Casp9↑, 4,   Cyt‑c↑, 3,   DR5↑, 1,   Fas↑, 1,   iNOS↓, 1,   JNK↑, 1,   MAPK↝, 1,   MDM2↓, 1,   p27/CDKN1B↑, 4,   p38↑, 1,   survivin↓, 7,   TRAIL↑, 1,   TumCD↑, 1,  

Kinase & Signal Transduction(tgid=6) ⓘ

AMPKα↑, 1,   Sp1/3/4↓, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics(tgid=7) ⓘ

TET3↑, 1,   tumCV↓, 2,  

DNA Damage & Repair(tgid=10) ⓘ

DNMT1↓, 1,   DNMT3A↓, 1,   DNMTs↓, 1,   p16↑, 1,   P53↑, 8,   cl‑PARP↑, 2,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence(tgid=11) ⓘ

CDK1↑, 1,   CDK2↓, 2,   CDK4↓, 3,   cycD1/CCND1↓, 5,   cycE/CCNE↓, 2,   P21↑, 19,   p‑RB1↓, 2,   TumCCA↑, 11,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State(tgid=12) ⓘ

CD133↓, 1,   CD44↓, 1,   CSCs↓, 1,   CTNNB1↓, 1,   EMT↓, 2,   ERK↓, 1,   GSK‐3β↓, 1,   HDAC↓, 2,   mTOR↓, 3,   PI3K↓, 2,   PI3K↝, 1,   PTEN↑, 2,   STAT3↓, 2,   TOPflash↑, 1,   TumCG↓, 6,   Wnt↓, 1,   Wnt↝, 1,  

Migration(tgid=13) ⓘ

Ca+2↑, 1,   E-cadherin↓, 1,   FTO↑, 1,   Ki-67↓, 1,   MMPs↓, 1,   SMAD4↑, 1,   TET1↑, 2,   TumCI↓, 1,   TumCMig↓, 4,   TumCP↓, 5,   TumMeta↓, 1,   Twist↓, 2,   β-catenin/ZEB1↓, 3,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature(tgid=14) ⓘ

angioG↓, 2,   angioG↑, 1,   EGFR↓, 2,   Hif1a↓, 1,   VEGF↓, 3,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling(tgid=16) ⓘ

cellSen↑, 1,   COX2↓, 3,   IL1β↓, 2,   IL4↓, 1,   IL6↓, 1,   IL8↓, 1,   Inflam↓, 2,   NF-kB↓, 3,   p‑NF-kB↑, 1,   TNF-α↓, 2,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance(tgid=21) ⓘ

BioAv↝, 1,   ChemoSen↑, 8,   Dose↝, 2,   eff↓, 2,   eff↑, 2,   P450↝, 1,   RadioS↑, 1,   selectivity↑, 4,   TET2↓, 1,  

Clinical Biomarkers(tgid=22) ⓘ

EGFR↓, 2,   IL6↓, 1,   Ki-67↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes(tgid=23) ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 6,   chemoP↑, 1,   chemoPv↑, 1,   Risk↓, 1,   TumVol↓, 2,  
Total Targets: 126

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress(tgid=1) ⓘ

antiOx↑, 1,   Catalase↑, 1,   GPx↑, 1,   GSTA1↑, 1,   ROS↓, 3,   SOD↑, 1,  

Migration(tgid=13) ⓘ

MMP13↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling(tgid=16) ⓘ

COX2↓, 2,   IL1β↓, 1,   Inflam↓, 2,   PGE2↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance(tgid=21) ⓘ

BioAv↝, 1,   Half-Life↝, 1,  

Functional Outcomes(tgid=23) ⓘ

cardioP↑, 1,   hepatoP↑, 1,   neuroP↑, 1,   toxicity↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 17

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: P21, P21/CDKN1A
3 Thymoquinone
2 Beta-Caryophyllene
1 5-fluorouracil
1 Coenzyme Q10
1 Berberine
1 Boswellia (frankincense)
1 Centella asiatica / Gotu kola → asiaticoside
1 Chlorogenic acid
1 Cynara scolymus/Globe Artichoke/Artichoke Extract
1 Eugenol
1 Cinnamon
1 Fisetin
1 Luteolin
1 Magnolol
1 Piperlongumine
1 Sulforaphane (mainly Broccoli)
1 Aflavin-3,3′-digallate
1 Ursolic acid
1 Urolithin
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:6  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:234  State#:%  Dir#:2
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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