| Source: |
| Type: |
| Cytochrome c ** The term "release of cytochrome c" ** an increase in level for the cytosol. Small hemeprotein found loosely associated with the inner membrane of the mitochondrion where it plays a critical role in cellular respiration. Cytochrome c is highly water-soluble, unlike other cytochromes. It is capable of undergoing oxidation and reduction as its iron atom converts between the ferrous and ferric forms, but does not bind oxygen. It also plays a major role in cell apoptosis. The term "release of cytochrome c" refers to a critical step in the process of programmed cell death, also known as apoptosis. In its new location—the cytosol—cytochrome c participates in the apoptotic signaling pathway by helping to form the apoptosome, which activates caspases that execute cell death. Cytochrome c is a small protein normally located in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. Its primary role in healthy cells is to participate in the electron transport chain, a process that helps produce energy (ATP) through oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondrial outer membrane permeability leads to the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria into the cytosol. The release of cytochrome c is a pivotal event in apoptosis where cytochrome c moves from the mitochondria to the cytosol, initiating a chain reaction that leads to programmed cell death. On the one hand, cytochrome c can promote cancer cell survival and proliferation by regulating the activity of various signaling pathways, such as the PI3K/AKT pathway. This can lead to increased cell growth and resistance to apoptosis, which are hallmarks of cancer. On the other hand, cytochrome c can also induce apoptosis in cancer cells by interacting with other proteins, such as Apaf-1 and caspase-9. This can lead to the activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, which can result in the death of cancer cells. Overexpressed in Breast, Lung, Colon, and Prostrate. Underexpressed in Ovarian, and Pancreatic. |
| Colorectal cancer is a broader term that encompasses both colon and rectal cancer. |
| 5278- | 3BP, | The effect of 3-bromopyruvate on human colorectal cancer cells is dependent on glucose concentration but not hexokinase II expression |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HCT116 | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | Caco-2 | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | SW48 |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | NA |
| 4557- | AgNPs, | The apoptotic effect of nanosilver is mediated by a ROS- and JNK-dependent mechanism involving the mitochondrial pathway in NIH3T3 cells |
| - | in-vitro, | NA, | NIH-3T3 | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HCT116 |
| 2634- | Api, | Apigenin induces both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis in human colon carcinoma HCT-116 cells |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HCT116 |
| 2477- | Ba, | Baicalein induces apoptosis via a mitochondrial-dependent caspase activation pathway in T24 bladder cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | T24/HTB-9 |
| 2678- | BBR, | Berberine as a Potential Agent for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer |
| - | Review, | CRC, | NA |
| 444- | CUR, | Cisplatin, | LncRNA KCNQ1OT1 is a key factor in the reversal effect of curcumin on cisplatin resistance in the colorectal cancer cells |
| - | vitro+vivo, | CRC, | HCT8 |
| 1321- | EMD, | Antitumor effects of emodin on LS1034 human colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo: roles of apoptotic cell death and LS1034 tumor xenografts model |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | LS1034 | - | in-vivo, | NA, | NA |
| 1296- | EMD, | Emodin inhibits LOVO colorectal cancer cell proliferation via the regulation of the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and cytochrome c |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | LoVo |
| 2852- | FIS, | A comprehensive view on the fisetin impact on colorectal cancer in animal models: Focusing on cellular and molecular mechanisms |
| - | Review, | CRC, | NA |
| 823- | GAR, | Garcinol Potentiates TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis through Modulation of Death Receptors and Antiapoptotic Proteins |
| - | in-vitro, | BC, | MCF-7 | - | in-vitro, | Nor, | MCF10 | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HCT116 |
| 830- | GAR, | Garcinol modulates tyrosine phosphorylation of FAK and subsequently induces apoptosis through down-regulation of Src, ERK, and Akt survival signaling in human colon cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HT-29 |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HT-29 | - | in-vitro, | Nor, | CCD841 |
| 858- | Gra, | Annona muricata leaves induce G₁ cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through mitochondria-mediated pathway in human HCT-116 and HT-29 colon cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HT-29 | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HCT116 |
| 1657- | HCAs, | Anticancer Activity of Sinapic Acid by Inducing Apoptosis in HT-29 Human Colon Cancer Cell Line 2023 |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HT-29 |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HCT116 | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | LoVo | - | in-vivo, | CRC, | HCT116 |
| 4534- | MAG, | Molecular mechanisms of apoptosis induced by magnolol in colon and liver cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Liver, | HepG2 | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | COLO205 |
| 4531- | MAG, | Magnolol-induced apoptosis in HCT-116 colon cancer cells is associated with the AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathway |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HCT116 |
| 1480- | SFN, | Sulforaphane Induces Cell Death Through G2/M Phase Arrest and Triggers Apoptosis in HCT 116 Human Colon Cancer Cells |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HCT116 |
| 2007- | SK, | Shikonin Directly Targets Mitochondria and Causes Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cancer Cells |
| - | in-vitro, | lymphoma, | U937 | - | in-vitro, | BC, | MCF-7 | - | in-vitro, | BC, | SkBr3 | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HCT116 | - | in-vitro, | OS, | U2OS | - | NA, | Nor, | RPE-1 |
| 4841- | Uro, | Urolithin A induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by inhibiting Bcl-2, increasing p53-p21 proteins and reactive oxygen species production in colorectal cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HT29 | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | SW480 | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | SW-620 |
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers. Such Conditions may include : -low or high Dose -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations -different cell line effects -synergies with other products -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells
Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:% IllCat:% CanType:6 Cells:% prod#:% Target#:77 State#:% Dir#:2
wNotes=0 sortOrder:rid,rpid