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| Glutathione (GSH) is a thiol antioxidant that scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in the formation of oxidized glutathione (GSSG). Decreased amounts of GSH and a decreased GSH/GSSG ratio in tissues are biomarkers of oxidative stress. Glutathione is a powerful antioxidant found in every cell of the body, composed of three amino acids: cysteine, glutamine, and glycine. It plays a crucial role in protecting cells from oxidative stress, detoxifying harmful substances, and supporting the immune system. cancer cells can have elevated levels of glutathione, which may help them survive in the oxidative environment created by the immune response and chemotherapy. This can make cancer cells more resistant to treatment. While glutathione can be obtained from certain foods (like fruits, vegetables, and meats), its absorption from supplements is debated. Some people take N-acetylcysteine (NAC) or other precursors to boost glutathione levels, but the effects on cancer prevention or treatment are still being studied. Depleting glutathione (GSH) to raise reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a strategy that has been explored in cancer research and therapy. Many cancer cells have altered redox states and may rely on GSH to survive. Increasing ROS levels can induce stress in these cells, potentially leading to cell death. Certain drugs and compounds can deplete GSH levels. For example, agents like buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) inhibit the synthesis of GSH, leading to its depletion. Cancer cells tend to exhibit higher levels of intracellular GSH, possibly as an adaptive response to a higher metabolism and thus higher steady-state levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). "...intracellular glutathione (GSH) exhibits an astounding antioxidant activity in scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS)..." "Cancer cells have a high level of GSH compared to normal cells." "...cancer cells are affluent with high antioxidant levels, especially with GSH, whose appearance at an elevated concentration of ∼10 mM (10 times less in normal cells) detoxifies the cancer cells." "Therefore, GSH depletion can be assumed to be the key strategy to amplify the oxidative stress in cancer cells, enhancing the destruction of cancer cells by fruitful cancer therapy." The loss of GSH is broadly known to be directly related to the apoptosis progression. |
| Types of Cardiovascular Diseases Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): This is the most common type of CVD and occurs when the coronary arteries (which supply the heart with blood) are narrowed or blocked, typically due to atherosclerosis (the buildup of plaque). CAD can lead to chest pain (angina) or heart attacks. Cerebrovascular Disease: Diseases such as stroke fall under this category. A stroke occurs when blood flow to an area of the brain is interrupted, either by a clot (ischemic stroke) or by bleeding (hemorrhagic stroke). Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD): PAD involves the narrowing of peripheral arteries, often in the legs, which can cause pain and mobility issues. Heart Failure: Heart failure happens when the heart is unable to pump blood efficiently, leading to symptoms like shortness of breath, fatigue, and fluid retention. Cardiac Arrhythmias: These are problems related to the electrical system of the heart, which can cause irregular heartbeats. They range in severity from benign extra beats to life-threatening ventricular fibrillation. Valvular Heart Diseases: These diseases affect the heart valves, potentially causing conditions like stenosis (narrowing) or regurgitation (leakage), which can compromise the heart’s efficiency. |
| 2657- | AL, | Allicin pharmacology: Common molecular mechanisms against neuroinflammation and cardiovascular diseases |
| - | Review, | CardioV, | NA | - | Review, | AD, | NA |
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers. Such Conditions may include : -low or high Dose -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations -different cell line effects -synergies with other products -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells
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