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| – Some studies have reported upregulated expression of certain GABA receptor subunits (e.g., GABA_A receptor subunits) in breast tumors. – Increased expression has been associated with enhanced cell proliferation and migration, with some reports linking this to a poorer prognosis. -GABAergic transmission is deficient in anxiety. -Neurons expressing GABAA α1 receptors can mediate sedation, -while those expressing GABAA α2 receptors mediate anxiolytic. -In addition, extra-synaptic GABAA α5 receptors can also regulate the activity of hippocampal pyramidal cells, thereby affecting associative temporal and spatial memory Gamma-aminobutyric acid — Gamma-aminobutyric acid is an endogenous non-protein amino acid, inhibitory neurotransmitter, metabolic intermediate, and signaling ligand commonly abbreviated GABA. As a database target, it represents changes in GABA concentration, synthesis, secretion, uptake, extracellular accumulation, or GABA-shunt utilization rather than modulation of a specific GABA receptor. GABA is synthesized from glutamate by GAD1/GAD67 and GAD2/GAD65, transported by GABA transporters, and metabolized primarily by ABAT/GABA transaminase. In cancer, GABA may be produced by tumor, neural, stromal, or immune cells and can influence proliferation, invasion, mitochondrial metabolism, β-catenin signaling, and antitumor immunity. Its biological direction is strongly tumor-, receptor-, concentration-, and compartment-dependent. Typical cancer modulation: Variable/context-dependent. GABA production, secretion, extracellular accumulation, uptake, or GABA-shunt utilization may be ↑ in tumors that exploit GABA for metabolic adaptation, β-catenin activation, growth, invasion, or immune evasion. GABA signaling may instead suppress proliferation or migration in tumors expressing inhibitory GABA receptor configurations. Normal-cell relevance: GABA generally reduces neuronal excitability through GABA receptor signaling and also regulates pancreatic, immune, gastrointestinal, vascular, and endocrine functions. In Alzheimer’s disease, reduced phasic inhibition and excessive astrocyte-derived tonic GABA may coexist in different circuits; therefore total GABA direction alone may not indicate whether GABAergic function is beneficial or pathological. Target classification: Neurotransmitter; amino-acid metabolite; signaling ligand; tumor-microenvironment mediator; metabolic substrate. |
| Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms, and is due to the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. It is multifactorial, caused by genetic and environmental factors and currently has no definitive cure. -CoQ10 deficiency was observed at a higher frequency in Parkinson's disease |
| 4280- | Api, | Protective effects of apigenin in neurodegeneration: An update on the potential mechanisms |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | Review, | Park, | NA |
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers. Such Conditions may include : -low or high Dose -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations -different cell line effects -synergies with other products -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells
Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:% IllCat:% CanType:75 Cells:% prod#:% Target#:1205 State#:% Dir#:2
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