Ginkgolic acids / uPA Cancer Research Results

GAs, Ginkgolic acids: Click to Expand ⟱

Features:

Ginkgolic acids (GAs) are a group of naturally occurring 2-hydroxy-6-alkylsalicylic acids found in Ginkgo biloba leaves, seeds and especially the seed coat. Major congeners include ginkgolic acid C13:0, C15:1 and C17:1. Ginkgolic acids have demonstrated antimicrobial, antiviral, autophagy-modulating and anticancer activities in preclinical studies. In cancer models, GAs can suppress proliferation, migration and invasion and promote apoptosis through mechanisms including inhibition of SUMOylation, STAT3 signalling, Hsp90 activity and other oncogenic pathways. Individual congeners can differ substantially in potency and biological activity, so specific forms such as C15:1 or C17:1 should be recorded separately when identified. Ginkgolic acids are kept separate from standardized Ginkgo biloba extracts because they are considered potentially toxic constituents and are deliberately reduced to very low concentrations in purified medicinal ginkgo preparations. Current anticancer evidence is predominantly preclinical.

uPA, Urokinase plasminogen activator: Click to Expand ⟱

Source:

Type:

uPA (urokinase plasminogen activator) is a serine protease that plays a crucial role in the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin, an enzyme responsible for degrading various components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). This activity is central to processes such as tissue remodeling, cell migration, and angiogenesis. In the context of cancer, uPA facilitates tumor invasion and metastasis by promoting ECM degradation, while its interaction with its receptor (uPAR) and inhibitors (such as PAI-1) forms a regulatory axis that is frequently dysregulated in malignancies.

Patients with higher pretreatment serum uPA (≥1 ng/ml) had significantly shorter OS.

Elevated uPA expression has been observed in a broad range of cancers, including breast, colorectal, lung, and prostate cancers. These high levels are often indicative of increased proteolytic activity within the tumor microenvironment.
Tumors with aggressive behavior often exhibit upregulation of uPA, along with its receptor uPAR. This upregulation enhances plasmin generation and leads to an environment conducive to invasion and metastasis.

Elevated uPA levels in tumor tissues have been strongly associated with poor clinical outcomes. High uPA expression is correlated with increased risk of metastasis, higher likelihood of recurrence, and reduced overall survival in several cancer types.

Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱

7224-

GAs,

Ginkgolic acids inhibit migration in breast cancer cells by inhibition of NEMO sumoylation and NF-κB activity

in-vitro,

BC,

MCF7

in-vitro,

BC,

MDA-MB-231

Wound Healing↓, uPA↓, PAI-1/SERPINE1↓, CXCR4↓, MMP9↓, TumCMig↓, NF-kB↓,

Showing Research Papers: 1 to 1 of 1

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 1

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:

Migration(tgid=13) ⓘ

MMP9↓, 1, PAI-1/SERPINE1↓, 1, TumCMig↓, 1, uPA↓, 1,

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling(tgid=16) ⓘ

CXCR4↓, 1, NF-kB↓, 1,

Functional Outcomes(tgid=23) ⓘ

Wound Healing↓, 1,
Total Targets: 7

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:

Total Targets: 0

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: uPA, Urokinase plasminogen activator

Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells