Dasatinib/Phyrago / ABL1 Cancer Research Results

DAS, Dasatinib/Phyrago: Click to Expand ⟱
Features:
Dasatinib, (brand name Sprycel) is a targeted therapy medication used to treat certain cases of chronic myelogenous leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Dasatinib — Dasatinib is an orally administered, small-molecule, ATP-competitive multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor developed as BMS-354825 and marketed historically as Sprycel. It is formally classified as a second-generation BCR-ABL1/SRC-family kinase inhibitor and antineoplastic targeted therapy. Standard abbreviations include DAS and BMS-354825. Its highest-confidence clinical identity is treatment of Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia and Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia, while solid-tumor use remains investigational or context-dependent.

Primary mechanisms (ranked):

  1. Direct inhibition of BCR-ABL1 kinase signaling in Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemia, suppressing leukemic proliferation and survival signaling.
  2. Inhibition of SRC-family kinases including SRC, LCK, YES, FYN, LYN, and HCK, reducing alternative kinase signaling, invasion, adhesion, migration, and some imatinib-resistance pathways.
  3. Downstream suppression of STAT5, PI3K-AKT, and MAPK signaling in BCR-ABL1/SRC-dependent leukemic progenitors.
  4. Secondary inhibition of c-KIT, PDGFRβ, and EPHA2, which may be relevant in selected tumor contexts but is not the dominant approved-use mechanism.
  5. Senolytic activity in combination with quercetin, mainly through selective vulnerability of senescent cells; this is investigational and not an oncology-label mechanism.

Bioavailability / PK relevance: Dasatinib is an oral drug with rapid absorption, high plasma protein binding, large apparent distribution volume, and short terminal half-life. Standard Sprycel/generic dasatinib exposure is pH-sensitive, so proton-pump inhibitors and H2 antagonists can reduce exposure; antacids require separation. A newer FDA-approved formulation, Phyrago, is designed to reduce this gastric-acid interaction constraint. Dasatinib is primarily metabolized by CYP3A4, so strong CYP3A4 inhibitors, inducers, grapefruit juice, and St. John’s wort are major PK constraints.

In-vitro vs systemic exposure relevance: Many leukemia-cell effects occur at low nanomolar concentrations and are clinically plausible. Some solid-tumor, migration, invasion, and high-concentration mechanistic findings may exceed or poorly model achievable tumor exposure, especially because dasatinib has high protein binding and short plasma half-life. This is concentration-driven and target-dependency-driven rather than field-based.

Clinical evidence status: Approved targeted therapy with phase III evidence for Ph+ CML and established use in Ph+ ALL. Evidence in solid tumors is mostly preclinical, phase I/II, negative, or biomarker-dependent adjunct investigation. AD/senolytic use is early human proof-of-concept with dasatinib plus quercetin and is not approved disease-modifying therapy.

Dasatinib Mechanistic Profile

Rank Pathway / Axis Cancer Cells Normal Cells TSF Primary Effect Notes / Interpretation
1 BCR-ABL1 kinase addiction ↓ BCR-ABL1 signaling; ↓ proliferation; ↑ apoptosis in Ph+ leukemia ↔ in BCR-ABL1-negative cells except off-target kinase effects P,R,G Core leukemia-selective cytostatic and cytotoxic effect Highest clinical relevance in Ph+ CML and Ph+ ALL; target presence is decisive.
2 SRC-family kinase signaling ↓ SRC, LYN, HCK, LCK, YES, FYN signaling; ↓ invasion and survival signaling ↓ immune-cell and platelet signaling possible P,R,G Blocks alternative oncogenic kinase signaling and some resistance pathways Important for imatinib-resistant signaling and solid-tumor biology, but clinical benefit outside Ph+ leukemia is less consistent.
3 STAT5 survival signaling ↓ pSTAT5 downstream of BCR-ABL1 and SRC-family kinases ↓ cytokine and T-cell signaling possible R,G Reduces transcriptional survival programs Mechanistically central in CML progenitors; contributes to apoptosis and reduced colony formation.
4 PI3K-AKT and MAPK signaling ↓ AKT and ↓ MAPK signaling in dependent leukemia progenitors ↔ or ↓ growth-factor signaling depending on cell type R,G Suppresses proliferation and anti-apoptotic signaling Downstream effect rather than primary binding target; context-dependent in non-leukemia tumors.
5 c-KIT PDGFRβ EPHA2 kinase inhibition ↓ receptor kinase signaling where target-dependent ↓ normal stromal, vascular, hematopoietic, or progenitor signaling possible P,R,G Broadens kinase inhibition spectrum Mechanistically real but not the main basis of approved use.
6 Cell adhesion migration and invasion ↓ migration; ↓ invasion; ↓ metastatic behavior markers in some solid-tumor models ↓ immune-cell trafficking and platelet function possible G Anti-invasive and cytostatic effect High preclinical relevance; weaker clinical translation in unselected solid tumors.
7 Chemo sensitization ↑ sensitivity in selected combinations and biomarker contexts ↑ toxicity risk possible due to myelosuppression and bleeding G Adjunct pathway blockade Combination use requires disease-specific evidence; not broadly generalizable.
8 Radiosensitization ↑ radiosensitivity reported in some SRC-dependent preclinical models ↑ normal-tissue radiosensitivity or marrow toxicity possible G Potential adjunct radiosensitizer Not a standard approved radiosensitizer; clinical use should be considered investigational.
9 Immune and platelet signaling ↔ indirect antitumor effects; may alter immune microenvironment ↓ T-cell receptor signaling; ↓ platelet function; ↑ bleeding risk P,R,G On-target normal-cell pharmacology Clinically important safety axis, especially bleeding, infection risk, and immune modulation.
10 ROS NRF2 mitochondria ↔ or context-dependent changes; not a core dasatinib mechanism ↔ or context-dependent stress response G Secondary stress-response modulation Do not rank as a primary pathway unless a specific model demonstrates ROS-linked cytotoxicity.
11 Clinical Translation Constraint Target-negative tumors often show limited response despite kinase inhibition Myelosuppression, pleural effusion, pulmonary hypertension, QT risk, bleeding, hepatotoxicity, pregnancy risk G Limits broad repurposing Clinical translation depends on Ph+ status, kinase dependency, formulation, acid-suppression use, CYP3A4 interactions, and tolerability.

P: 0–30 min R: 30 min–3 hr G: >3 hr



Dasatinib in Alzheimer’s disease — Dasatinib is not an approved AD therapy. Its AD relevance is mainly as part of the investigational senolytic combination dasatinib plus quercetin, where intermittent dosing is intended to reduce senescent-cell burden and senescence-associated inflammatory signaling. Current evidence is early-stage human feasibility and biomarker work, not established cognitive efficacy.

Primary mechanisms (ranked):

  1. Senolytic elimination of senescent cells in combination with quercetin, potentially reducing senescence-associated secretory phenotype signaling.
  2. Reduction of neuroinflammatory and peripheral inflammatory senescence biomarkers, if senolytic activity translates into CNS-relevant exposure.
  3. Possible effects on glial senescence and vascular/neurovascular dysfunction, still investigational.
  4. PK limitation: dasatinib CNS exposure and intermittent dosing may constrain direct brain-target engagement.

Bioavailability / PK relevance: AD protocols use intermittent oral dasatinib with quercetin rather than continuous oncology dosing. The key translational question is whether adequate CNS exposure and senescent-cell selectivity occur without unacceptable toxicity in older adults.

In-vitro vs systemic exposure relevance: Senolytic effects are concentration- and cell-state-dependent. In-vitro senescent-cell killing does not automatically imply achievable, selective CNS clearance in humans.

Clinical evidence status: Early human phase I and pilot studies only. Phase II randomized testing has been registered, but dasatinib plus quercetin remains investigational for AD and mild cognitive impairment.

Dasatinib AD Senolytic Profile

Rank Pathway / Axis Modulation TSF Primary Effect Notes / Interpretation
1 Senescent-cell survival signaling ↓ senescent-cell viability with dasatinib plus quercetin G Senolytic clearance Combination-dependent; dasatinib alone should not be treated as a validated AD senolytic regimen.
2 SASP inflammatory signaling ↓ senescence-associated inflammatory mediators (context-dependent) G Potential neuroinflammation reduction Human evidence is biomarker-oriented and preliminary.
3 Glial and vascular senescence ↓ pathological senescence burden (model-dependent) G Potential support of brain microenvironment Requires demonstration of CNS exposure and clinically meaningful target engagement.
4 Cognition and function ↔ or uncertain G No established disease-modifying effect Existing studies are too small or exploratory to establish cognitive benefit.
5 Clinical Translation Constraint ↑ safety monitoring burden; ↔ efficacy unproven G Limits AD translation Older adults may be vulnerable to cytopenias, bleeding, fluid retention, drug interactions, and infection risk.

P: 0–30 min R: 30 min–3 hr G: >3 hr
ABL1, Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL1: Click to Expand ⟱
Source: CGL-Driver Genes
Type: Oncogene
ABL1 is a protein tyrosine kinase involved in cell differentiation, division and stress response.
ABL1 (Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1) is a gene that encodes a protein tyrosine kinase, which plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, including cell division, differentiation, and response to stress.
ABL1, its role as an oncogene is most prominently illustrated by the BCR-ABL fusion protein, which is formed through a chromosomal translocation between the ABL1 gene and the BCR gene.
High ABL1 Expression: In some cancers, high levels of ABL1 expression may correlate with poor prognosis, while in others, it may not have a significant impact.
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
6588- DAS,    Dasatinib (BMS-354825), a dual SRC/ABL kinase inhibitor, inhibits the kinase activity of wild-type, juxtamembrane, and activation loop mutant KIT isoforms associated with human malignancies
Src↓, ABL1↓,
6589- DAS,    Effects of dasatinib on SRC kinase activity and downstream intracellular signaling in primitive chronic myelogenous leukemia hematopoietic cells
- in-vitro, CLL, NA
Src↓, ABL1↓,
6590- DAS,    Action of the Src family kinase inhibitor, dasatinib (BMS-354825), on human prostate cancer cells
- in-vitro, Pca, NA
Src↓, ABL1↓, BioAv↑, TumCG↓, Dose↓, TumCA↓, TumCMig↓, TumCI↓,
6591- DAS,    Dasatinib in solid tumors
- Review, Var, NA
Src↓, PDGF↓, ABL1↓, BioAv↝, Half-Life↝, Dose↝, eff↑,

Showing Research Papers: 1 to 4 of 4

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 4

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Mitochondria & Bioenergetics(tgid=3) ⓘ

ABL1↓, 4,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State(tgid=12) ⓘ

Src↓, 4,   TumCG↓, 1,  

Migration(tgid=13) ⓘ

PDGF↓, 1,   TumCA↓, 1,   TumCI↓, 1,   TumCMig↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance(tgid=21) ⓘ

BioAv↑, 1,   BioAv↝, 1,   Dose↓, 1,   Dose↝, 1,   eff↑, 1,   Half-Life↝, 1,  
Total Targets: 13

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Total Targets: 0

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: ABL1, Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL1
4 Dasatinib/Phyrago
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:6  Target#:1  State#:%  Dir#:1
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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