12LOX Cancer Research Results

12LOX, 12‐lipoxygenase: Click to Expand ⟱

Source:

Type:

12‐lipoxygenase (commonly abbreviated as 12-LOX)
12-LOX (12-lipoxygenase) is an enzyme that plays a role in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids—in particular, converting arachidonic acid into bioactive lipid mediators such as 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE).
-12-LOX is implicated in several mechanisms that can promote cancer, including supporting inflammation, cell survival, angiogenesis, and metastasis.
High 12-LOX expression in several cancer types is generally correlated with more aggressive disease and poorer clinical outcomes. However, the prognostic significance may vary between cancers and patient populations. Ongoing research is aiming to clarify:
– Whether 12-LOX can be reliably used as a prognostic biomarker
– And whether targeting 12-LOX might serve as a therapeutic strategy in cancer management.
– Increased Levels of 12-LOX in ESCC Patients with Poor Prognosis

Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱

5508-

Ba,

Neuroprotective effects of baicalin and baicalein on the central nervous system and the underlying mechanisms

Review,

Stroke,

Review,

Park,

Review,

AD,

*neuroP↑, Recent studies have shown its good protective effect on neurons and brain tissues [14].
*antiOx↑, strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
*Inflam↓,
*BioAv↝, When taken orally, baicalin is converted to baicalein via β-glucuronidase (GUS), which is produced by the intestinal flora.
*BioAv↑, Pharmacokinetics indicate that baicalein has a higher absorption rate than baicalein [19], but once it is absorbed, baicalein is quickly degraded in the bloodstream, yielding baicalein
*Half-Life↝, The distribution half-life and elimination half-life of baicalin in the CSF of normal rats are 0.8868 and 26.0968 min, respectively.
*TLR4↓, Inhibition of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signal
*NF-kB↓,
*iNOS↓, decreasing the synthesis of iNOS, COX2, and TNF-α
*COX2↓,
*TNF-α↓,
*12LOX↓, downregulation of 12/15-LOX after cerebral ischemia
*NLRP3↓, Inhibition of the expression of NLRP3, HT-22 cells
*ROS↓, Decrease in the ROS levels in the ICH, thus inhibiting high NLRP3
*IL1β↓, Reduced the amounts of IL-1β and IL-6 and inhibited the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome
*IL6↓,
*GSK‐3β↓, Inhibiting the activation of the GSK3β/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway
*NRF2↑, Fang et al. reported that the activation of the Akt pathway resulted in increased Nrf2 nuclear translocation and immunoreactivity in a group treated with baicalin
*BBB↑, baicalein effectively crosses the blood‒brain barrier (BBB) and stimulates the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway via specialized brain-targeted exosomes
*SOD↑, increased serum levels of SOD and GSH-Px.
*GPx↑,
*MDA↓, baicalin inhibited the ROS production and reduced MDA levels in brain tissues from a rat model of cerebral I/R injury induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO).

5498-

Ba,

Inhibition of 12-lipoxygenase during baicalein-induced human lung nonsmall carcinoma H460 cell apoptosis

in-vitro,

Lung,

H460

12LOX↓, Baicalein is known as a 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) inhibitor.
Dose↝, exposure to 50muM baicalein, cell cycle analysis revealed an increase in the cell population in S-phase.
TumCCA↑,
CDK1↓, baicalein decreased the protein levels of cdk1 and cyclin B1, which are the regulating proteins of S-phase transition to G2/M-phase, in this study.
CycB/CCNB1↓,
Apoptosis↑, baicalein induced the most of H460 cell apoptosis after treatment for 48h
Bcl-2↓, accompanied by decreasing in Bcl-2 and proform of caspase-3 and increasing p53 and Bax protein levels.
P53↑,
BAX↑,
TumCP↓, baicalein, a 12-LOX inhibitor, inhibits the proliferation of H460 cells via S-phase arrest and induces apoptosis in association with the regulation of molecules in the cell cycle and apoptosis-related proteins.

5502-

Ba,

An overview of pharmacological activities of baicalin and its aglycone baicalein: New insights into molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways

Review,

Var,

*AntiCan↑, antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, anticonvulsant, anti-oxidant, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective effects.
*antiOx↑,
*hepatoP↑,
*neuroP↑,
*ROS↓, pharmacological properties of baicalin and baicalein are due to their abilities to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS)
Ca+2↑, Baicalein mainly induced apoptosis through Ca+2 influx via Ca2+ release from the reticulum to cytosol dependent on phospholipase C protein
ROS↑, ROS production is associated with baicalein-induced apoptosis via Ca2+-dependent apoptosis in tongue and breast cancer cells (78, 79)
BAX↑, The level of Bax/Bcl-2 increased and caspase-3 and -9 were activated following the release of cytochrome C (80).
Casp3↑,
Casp9↑,
Cyt‑c↑,
MMP↓, In gastric cancer cells, baicalein mediated apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner through disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential
Mcl-1↓, In pancreatic cancer cells, baicalein induced apoptosis via suppression of the Mcl-1 protein.
PI3K↓, In HepG2 cells, baicalin-copper induced apoptosis through down-regulation of phosphoinositide-3 kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) signaling pathway
Akt↓,
mTOR↓,
BAD↓, Studies demonstrated that baicalein treatment suppressed Bad, ERK1/2 phosphorylation, and MEK1 expression both in vitro and in vivo.
ERK↓,
MEK↓,
DR5↑, Baicalein enhanced the activity of death receptor-5 (DR5) in prostate cancer PC3 cells.
Fas↑, baicalin is the active ingredient that acts as Fas ligand and caused up-regulation of Fas protein (89).
TumMeta↓, Baicalin/baicalein not only induced apoptosis in cancer cells but also suppressed metastasis.
EMT↓, both baicalin and baicalein inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through the suppression of TGF-β in breast epithelial cells through the NF-κB pathway (92).
SMAD4↓, baicalein suppressed metastasis in gastric cancer through inactivation of the Smad4/TGF-β pathway (93).
TGF-β↓,
MMP9↓, baicalin and baicalein inhibition of the expression level of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) such as MMP-9 and MMP-2 in liver, breast, lung, ovarian, gastric, and colorectal cancers and glioma
MMP2↓,
HIF-1↓, Baicalin attenuated lung metastasis through inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)
12LOX↓, Baicalein acts as an anticancer agent via inhibiting 12-lipooxygenase (12-LOX),

5499-

Ba,

Anti-cancer effects of baicalein in non-small cell lung cancer in-vitro and in-vivo

vitro+vivo,

Lung,

H460

A xenograft nude mouse model

vitro+vivo,

Lung,

A549

TumCP↓, Baicalein significantly decreased lung cancer proliferation in H-460 cells in a dose dependent manner.
Apoptosis↑, dose-dependent induction in apoptosis associated with decreased cellular f-actin content, an increase in nuclear condensation and an increase in mitochondrial mass potential was observed.
F-actin↓,
TumVol↓, baicalein significantly (p < 0.05) reduced tumour growth and prolonged survival.
OS↑,
12LOX↓, demonstrated reduced expression of both 12-lipoxygenase and VEGF proteins in baicalein-treated tumours, relative to untreated.
VEGF↓,
angioG↓, improves survival in-vivo, an effect that is at least partly mediated through effects on cell cycle and tumour angiogenesis.

5251-

Ba,

The Fascinating Effects of Baicalein on Cancer: A Review

Review,

Var,

AntiTum↑, The anti-tumor functions of baicalein are mainly due to its capacities to inhibit complexes of cyclins to regulate the cell cycle, to scavenge oxidative radicals, to attenuate mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), protein kinase B (Akt) or mammali
TumCCA↓,
ROS↓,
MAPK↓,
Akt↓,
mTOR↓,
Casp3↑, , to induce apoptosis by activating caspase-9/-3 and to inhibit tumorinvasion and metastasis by reducing the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2/-9 (MMP-2/-9).
Casp9↑,
TumCI↓,
TumMeta↓,
MMP2↓,
MMP9↓,
Securin↓, Baicalein also induced cell death by reducing the expression of securin, while also inhibiting cancer cell death by affecting the expression of p-AKT and γ-H2AX [26].
γH2AX↝,
N-cadherin↓, Baicalein also decreased the expression of metastasis-associated molecules, including N-cadherin, vimentin, ZEB1, and ZEB2.
Vim↓,
Zeb1↓,
ZEB2↓,
TumCMig↓, researchers demonstrated that baiclalein inhibited cellular adhesion, migration, invasion, and growth of HCC cells both in vitro and in vivo.
TumCG↑,
12LOX↓, Baicalein is an inhibitor of 12-LOX and induced apoptosis, morphological changes, and carbonic anhydrase expression in PaCa cells.
DR5↑, Baicalein lessened this resistance to TRAIL by upregulating DR5 expression and promoting the expression of ROS, thus causing TRAIL sensitization in PC3 cells [85]
ROS↑,
RadioS↑, baicalein increased the sensitivity of prostate cancer cells to radiation without affecting this sensitivity in normal cells
ChemoSen↑, Combination therapy of baicalein with paclitaxel, which were assembled by nanoparticles, was demonstrated to have synergistic anticancer effects in A549 lung cancer cells and in mice bearing A549/PTX drug-resistant lung cancer xenografts [97].
BioAv↓, It is worth noting that the bioavailability of baicalein in vivo remains low.

1532-

Ba,

Baicalein as Promising Anticancer Agent: A Comprehensive Analysis on Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives

Review,

NA,

ROS↑, Baicalein initially incited the formation of ROS, which subsequently aimed at endoplasmic reticulum stress and stimulated the Ca2+/-reliant mitochondrial death pathway.
ER Stress↑,
Ca+2↑,
MMPs↓,
Cyt‑c↑, cytochrome C release
Casp3↑,
ROS↑, Baicalein on apoptosis in human bladder cancer 5637 cells was investigated, and it was found that it induces ROS generation
DR5↑, Baicalein activates DR5 up-regulation
ROS↑, MCF-7 cells by inducing mitochondrial apoptotic cell death. It does this by producing ROS, such as hydroxyl radicals, and reducing Cu (II) to Cu (I) in the Baicalein–Cu (II) system
BAX↑,
Bcl-2↓,
MMP↓,
Casp3↑,
Casp9↑,
P53↑,
p16↑,
P21↑,
p27↑,
HDAC10↑, modulating the up-regulation of miR-3178 and Histone deacetylase 10 (HDAC10), which accelerates apoptotic cell death
MDM2↓, MDM2-mediated breakdown
Apoptosis↑,
PI3K↓, baicalein-influenced apoptosis is controlled via suppression of the PI3K/AKT axis
Akt↓,
p‑Akt↓, by reducing the concentrations of p-Akt, p-mTOR, NF-κB, and p-IκB while increasing IκB expression
p‑mTOR↓,
NF-kB↓,
p‑IκB↓,
IκB↑,
BAX↑,
Bcl-2↓,
ROS⇅, Based on its metabolic activities and intensity, Baicalein can act as an antioxidant and pro-oxidant.
BNIP3↑, Baicalein also increases the production of BNIP3 which is a protein stimulated by ROS and promotes apoptosis
p38↑,
12LOX↓, inhibition of 12-LOX (Platelet-type 12-Lipoxygenase)
Mcl-1↓,
Wnt?, decreasing Wnt activity
GLI2↓, Baicalein significantly reduced the presence of Gli-2, a crucial transcription factor in the SHH pathway
AR↓, downregulating the androgen receptor (AR)
eff↑, PTX/BAI NE could increase intracellular ROS levels, reduce cellular glutathione (GSH) levels, and trigger caspase-3 dynamism in MCF-7/Tax cells. Moreover, it exhibited higher efficacy in inhibiting tumors in vivo

1530-

Ba,

Baicalein Decreases Hydrogen Peroxide‐Induced Damage to NG108‐15 Cells via Upregulation of Nrf2

in-vitro,

Nor,

NG108-15

15 uM(H2O2) + 8uM(BA)

*12LOX↓, baicalein, a 12 LOX inhibitor,
*ROS↓, ROS levels in cells treated with H2O2 for 2 h were higher than those in buffer-treated control cells (left panel), whereas levels in baicalein plus H2O2 treated cells were indistinguishable from those in control cells
*NRF2↑, upregulating Nrf2 expression
*eff↑, N-acetylcysteine (10uM) or sulforaphane (1uM) was as effective as baicalein in blocking the harmful effects induced by H2O2

1520-

Ba,

Baicalein Induces G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest Associated with ROS Generation and CHK2 Activation in Highly Invasive Human Ovarian Cancer Cells

in-vitro,

Ovarian,

SKOV3

50–200 µM baicalein for 48 and 72 h

54uM

in-vitro,

Ovarian,

TOV-21G

91uM

TumCG↓,
TumCCA↑, G2/M phase
ROS↑, Baicalein-induced G2/M phase arrest is associated with an increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, DNA damage, and CHK2 upregulation and activation
DNAdam↑,
Chk2↑,
Dose∅, produced significant ROS in a dose- and time-dependent manner in SKOV-3 cells
p‑γH2AX↑, baicalein treatment increased the phosphorylation of H2AX (γH2AX)
CDC25↓,
CHK1↓,
cycD1/CCND1↓,
eff↓, CHK2 inhibitor indeed reduced the extent of CHK2 phosphorylation (Figure 4A) and protected SKOV-3 cells from baicalein-mediated G2/M arrest (Fig
12LOX↓, the pro-oxidative effect of baicalein, a specific inhibitor of 12-LOX, on ovarian cancer cells may occur through inhibiting the activity of 12-LOX, thereby inducing the accumulation of hydroxyl radicals.

2477-

Ba,

Baicalein induces apoptosis via a mitochondrial-dependent caspase activation pathway in T24 bladder cancer cells

in-vitro,

CRC,

T24/HTB-9

TumCG↓, Baicalein inhibited growth and caused G1/S arrest of the cell cycle in the T24 cells.
TumCCA↑,
MMP↓, baicalein induced apoptosis via loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨm), release of cytochrome c and activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3.
Cyt‑c↑,
Casp9↑,
Casp3↑,
p‑Akt↓, Baicalein inhibited Akt phosphorylation, downregulated Bcl-2 expression and upregulated Bax expression, which in turn increased the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2.
Bcl-2↓,
BAX↑,
Bax:Bcl2↑,
12LOX↓, Baicalein is a well-known inhibitor of 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX)

2474-

Ba,

Anticancer properties of baicalein: a review

Review,

Var,

in-vitro,

Nor,

BV2

ROS⇅, Like other flavonoids, baicalein can be either anti-oxidant or pro-oxidant, depending on its metabolism and concentration.
ROS↑, It is reported that baicalein generated ROS, subsequently caused endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, activated Ca2+-dependent mitochondrial death pathway, finally triggered apoptosis
ER Stress↑,
Ca+2↑,
Apoptosis↑,
eff↑, Due to this, ROS production is a mechanism shared by all non-surgical therapeutic approaches for cancer, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy and photodynamic therapy
DR5↑, baicalein-induced ROS generation up-regulated DR5 expression and then activated the extrinsic apoptotic pathway in human prostate cancer cells
12LOX↓, Baicalein is known as a 12-LOX inhibitor.
Cyt‑c↑, It markedly induced the release of Cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytosol and activated Caspase-9, Caspase-7, and Caspase-3, concomitant with cleavage of the Caspase-3 substrate poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase
Casp7↑,
Casp9↑,
Casp3↑,
cl‑PARP↑,
TumCCA↑, Baicalein induces G1/S arrest due to increased Cyclin E expression, a major factor in the regulation of the G1/S checkpoint of the cell cycle, accompanied by reduced levels of Cdk 4 and Cyclin D1 in human lung squamous carcinoma (CH27) cells
cycE/CCNE↑,
CDK4↓,
cycD1/CCND1↓,
VEGF↓, In ovarian cancer cells, baicalein effectively lowered the protein level of VEGF, c-Myc, HIF-α, and NFκB
cMyc↓,
Hif1a↓,
NF-kB↓,
BioEnh↑, curcumin and high-dose (−)-epicatechin were demonstrated to subsequently increase the absorption of baicalein
BioEnh↑, Baicalein can increase the oral bioavailability of tamoxifen by inhibiting cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4-mediated metabolism of tamoxifen in the small intestine and/or liver,
P450↓,
*Hif1a↓, In BV2 microglia, baicalein suppressed expression of hypoxia-induced HIF-1α and hypoxia responsive genes, including inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), COX-2, and VEGF, by inhibiting ROS and PI3K/Akt pathway (Hwang et al. 2008).
*iNOS↓,
*COX2↓,
*VEGF↓,
*ROS↓,
*PI3K↓,
*Akt↓,

2479-

Ba,

Baicalein Overcomes Tumor Necrosis Factor–Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand Resistance via Two Different Cell-Specific Pathways in Cancer Cells but not in Normal Cells

in-vitro,

HCC,

SW480

 40 μmol/L

in-vitro,

Pca,

PC3

12LOX↓, Baicalein is also known as a selective 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) inhibitor
DR5↑, Baicalein induces DR5 mRNA and protein expression in SW480 cells
CHOP↑, CHOP is increased by baicalein and responsible for DR5 up-regulation in SW480 cells
ROS↑, ROS are responsible for DR5 up-regulation in PC3 cells, but not in SW480 cells
*ROS∅,
selectivity↑, ROS are responsible for DR5 up-regulation in PC3 cells, but not in SW480 cells

2480-

Ba,

Inhibition of 12/15 lipoxygenase by baicalein reduces myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via modulation of multiple signaling pathways

in-vivo,

Stroke,

rat

*12LOX↓, administration of 12/15-LOX inhibitor, baicalein, significantly attenuated myocardial infarct size induced by I/R injury
*ROS↓, baicalein treatment significantly inhibited cardiomyocyte apoptosis, inflammatory responses and oxidative stress in the heart after I/R injury
*ERK↑, mechanisms underlying these effects were associated with the activation of ERK1/2 and AKT pathways and inhibition of activation of p38 MAPK, JNK1/2, and NF-kB/p65 pathways in the I/R-treated hearts
*Akt↑,
*p38↓,
*JNK↓,
*NF-kB↓,
*cardioP↑, Baicalein inhibits cardiac injury and inflammation

2481-

Ba,

Rad,

Radiotherapy Increases 12-LOX and CCL5 Levels in Esophageal Cancer Cells and Promotes Cancer Metastasis via THP-1-Derived Macrophages

in-vitro,

ESCC,

Eca109

0, 20, 40, or 80 µmol/L

in-vitro,

ESCC,

KYSE150

12LOX↓, increased by 12-LOX upregulation but was suppressed by the well-established 12-LOX inhibitor, baicalein
RadioS↑, In prostate cancer cells, 12-LOX inhibition has been shown to increase radiation sensitivity,
Dose↝, Additionally, 12-LOX expression was significantly inhibited at 40 µmol/L
RANTES↓, post-radiotherapy protein levels of CCL5 increased in Eca109 and Kyse150 cells but were inhibited by baicalein
MCP1↓, Baicalein, a recognized inhibitor of 12-LOX, successfully inhibited CCL2 and CCL5 expression, which was verified by RT-qPCR.

2482-

Ba,

Modulation of Neuroinflammation in Poststroke Rehabilitation: The Role of 12/15-Lipoxygenase Inhibition and Baicalein

Review,

Stroke,

*12LOX↓, Baicalein, a potent 12/15-LOX (12/15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor
*neuroP↑, demonstrates neuroprotective effects by reducing inflammatory lipid mediators, modulating key inflammatory pathways, and attenuating oxidative stress.
*eff↑, Experimental studies indicate that baicalein can diminish infarct size and neurological deficits while improving safety and tolerability

2483-

Ba,

Baicalein and 12/15-Lipoxygenase in the Ischemic Brain

in-vivo,

Stroke,

rat brains

*12LOX↓, The natural product baicalein is a specific inhibitor of 12/15-lipoxygenase, but it also has antioxidant properties.
*antiOx↓,
*neuroP↑, in vivo data suggest that 12/15-lipoxygenase contributes to brain damage after stroke, and that 12/15-LOX inhibition by baicalein is neuroprotective.

2606-

Ba,

Baicalein: A review of its anti-cancer effects and mechanisms in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Review,

HCC,

ChemoSen↑, In addition, the combination of baicalein and silymarin eradicates HepG2 cells efficiently superior to baicalein or silymarin alone
TumCP↓, Cell viability assays have demonstrated that baicalein is significantly cytotoxic against several HCC cell lines and can inhibit the proliferation of HCC cells through arresting the cell cycle.
TumCCA↑,
TumCMig↓, Baicalein has been proved to inhibit migration and invasion of human HCC cells by reducing the expression and their proteinase activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs),
TumCI↓,
MMPs↓,
MAPK↓, A large number of studies found that baicalein could inhibit migration and invasion of cancer cells by targeting the MAPK, TGF-b/Smad4, GPR30 pathway and molecules such as, ezrin, zinc-finger protein X-linked (ZFX),
TGF-β↓,
ZFX↓,
p‑MEK↓, Baicalein could inhibited the phosphorylation of MEK1 and ERK1/2, leading to decreased expression and proteinase activity of MMP-2/9 and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA),
ERK↓,
MMP2↓,
MMP9↓,
uPA↓,
TIMP1↓, as well as increased expression of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2
TIMP2↓,
NF-kB↓, Additionally, the nuclear translocation of NF-kB/p50 and p65/RelA and the phosphorylation of I-kappa-B (IKB)-b could be down-regulated by baicalein
p65↓,
p‑IKKα↓,
Fas↑, Hep3 B cells via activating Fas, Caspase -2, -3, -8, -9, down-regulating Bcl-xL, and upregulating Bax [
Casp2↑,
Casp3↑,
Casp8↑,
Casp9↑,
Bcl-xL↓,
BAX↑,
ER Stress↑, baicalein could induced apoptosis via endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in SMMC-7721 and Bel-7402
Ca+2↑, increasing intracellular calcium(Ca2+ ), and activating JNK pathwa
JNK↑,
P53↑, selectively induce apoptosis in HCC J5 cells via upregulation of p53
ROS↑, baicalein could induced cell apoptosis through regulating ROS via increasing intracellular H2O 2 level [
H2O2↑,
cMyc↓, baicalein could promote apoptosis in HepG2 and Bel-7402 cells through inhibiting c-Myc and CD24 expression
CD24↓,
12LOX↓, baicalein could induced cell apoptosis in SMMC-7721 and HepG2 cells by specifically inhibiting expression of 12-lipoxygenase(12-LOX), a critical anti-apoptotic genes

2628-

Ba,

Cisplatin,

Baicalein alleviates cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting ALOX12-dependent ferroptosis

in-vitro,

Nor,

HK-2

*RenoP↑, Baicalein alleviated cisplatin- and folic acid-induced renal dysfunction and pathological damage and improved cisplatin-induced HK2 cell injury
*12LOX↓, Mechanistically, baicalein reduced the expression of 12-lipoxygenase (ALOX12), which inhibits phospholipid peroxidation and ferroptosis in AKI
*Ferroptosis↓,

2861-

FIS,

The neuroprotective effects of fisetin, a natural flavonoid in neurodegenerative diseases: Focus on the role of oxidative stress

Review,

Nor,

Review,

Stroke,

Review,

Park,

*antiOx↑, Fisetin is a flavonoid that exhibits potent antioxidant properties and protects the cells against OS
*ROS↓, The antioxidant properties of this flavonoid diminish oxidative stress, ROS production, neurotoxicity, neuro-inflammation, and neurological disorders.
*neuroP↑,
*NO↑, inhibits NO production.
BioAv↝, oral bioavailability of fisetin was reported 7.8 and 31.7% for oral doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg, respectively
*BBB↑, BBB permeability, fisetin can also affect hippocampal synaptic plasticity indirectly through the peripheral system
*toxicity↑, Furthermore, it did not show signs of toxicity at doses up to 2 g/kg in an acute toxicity study with no toxicity in the histopathological analysis of the heart, lungs, kidneys, liver, stomach, intestines, spleen and reproductive organs
*eff↑, potential benefits against neurological health complications and neurodegenerative diseases like AD, PD. HD, ALS, vascular dementia, schizophrenia, stroke, depression, diabetic neuropathy and traumatic brain injury
*GSH↑, direct antioxidant activity in addition to increasing intracellular antioxidants such as glutathione
*SOD↑, fig 2
*Aβ↓,
*12LOX↓,
*COX2↓,
*Catalase↑, Fisetin treatment prevented behavioral deficits, increased brain antioxidant, superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione, and BDNF
*Inflam↓, decreased serum homocysteine, and pro-inflammatory biomarkers (TNF-α, IL-6), lipid peroxidation
*TNF-α↓,
*IL6↑,
*lipid-P↓,
NF-kB↓, suppressed the up-regulation of NF-κB, and IDO-1 genes expression, and decreased the rise of IL-1β levels.
IL1β↓,
NRF2↑, fisetin treatment also restored the downregulation of Nrf-2, HO-1, and ChAT genes expression and BDNF levels in the hippocampus, suggesting its protective effect against oxidative stress
HO-1↑,
GSTs↑, Fisetin also restored the AlCl3-induced reduction in the levels of SOD, CAT, GST, and GSH in a study that analysed the effect of this compound on AlCl3-induced reactive gliosis and neuronal inflammation in the brain of mice
cognitive↑, Fisetin improves neurodegenerative disease-associated dementia, cognitive functions and behavioral abnormalities along with increasing age
*BDNF↑, Fisetin also increases BDNF activity to prevent neurodegeneration

2281-

VitK2,

The biological responses of vitamin K2: A comprehensive review

Review,

Var,

*ROS↓, VitK1 and MK-4 prevent oxidative cell death by blocking the activation of 12-LOX and ROS generation
*12LOX↓,
*NF-kB↓, VitK2 modulates osteoblast and osteoclast formation and activity via downregulation of basal and cytokine-induced NF-κB activation
*BMD↑, strengthens bone construction
*hepatoP↑, VitK2 significantly increased serum albumin levels with concurrent reduction of the levels of alanine and aspartate aminotransferases, suggesting that VitK2 enhances liver regeneration.
cycD1/CCND1↓, figure 5
PKCδ↓,
STAT3↓,
ERK↑,
MAPK↓,
ROS↑,
PI3K↝,
Akt↝,
Hif1a↝,
*neuroP↑, An increasing body of evidence suggests the possible role of VitK supplementation as a novel neuroprotective strategy in the maintenance of nerve integrity and normal brain function, including cognition and behavior

2282-

VitK2,

Vitamin K prevents oxidative cell death by inhibiting activation of 12-lipoxygenase in developing oligodendrocytes

in-vitro,

Nor,

Primary pre-OL cultures were prepared from the forebrains of 1–2-day-old Sprague-Dawley rat pups

*ROS↓, vitamin K at nanomolar concentrations prevents arachidonic acid-induced oxidative injury to pre-OLs through blocking the activation of 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX).
*12LOX↓,

Showing Research Papers: 1 to 20 of 20

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 20

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:

Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

antiOx↓, 1, antiOx↑, 3, Catalase↑, 1, Ferroptosis↓, 1, GPx↑, 1, GSH↑, 1, lipid-P↓, 1, MDA↓, 1, NRF2↑, 2, ROS↓, 8, ROS∅, 1, SOD↑, 2,

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

12LOX↓, 9,

Cell Death ⓘ

Akt↓, 1, Akt↑, 1, Ferroptosis↓, 1, iNOS↓, 2, JNK↓, 1, p38↓, 1,

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

ERK↑, 1, GSK‐3β↓, 1, PI3K↓, 1,

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

Hif1a↓, 1, NO↑, 1, VEGF↓, 1,

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

BBB↑, 2,

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

COX2↓, 3, IL1β↓, 1, IL6↓, 1, IL6↑, 1, Inflam↓, 2, NF-kB↓, 3, TLR4↓, 1, TNF-α↓, 2,

Synaptic & Neurotransmission ⓘ

BDNF↑, 1,

Protein Aggregation ⓘ

Aβ↓, 1, NLRP3↓, 1,

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↑, 1, BioAv↝, 1, eff↑, 3, Half-Life↝, 1,

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

BMD↑, 1, IL6↓, 1, IL6↑, 1,

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 1, cardioP↑, 1, hepatoP↑, 2, neuroP↑, 6, RenoP↑, 1, toxicity↑, 1,
Total Targets: 50

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: 12LOX, 12‐lipoxygenase

17 Baicalein
2 Vitamin K2
1 Radiotherapy/Radiation
1 Cisplatin
1 Fisetin

Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:1126  State#:%  Dir#:1
  wNotes=on  sortOrder:rid,rpid

12LOX Cancer Research Results

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:

Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

Cell Death ⓘ

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

Autophagy & Lysosomes ⓘ

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

Migration ⓘ

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

Hormonal & Nuclear Receptors ⓘ

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:

Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

Cell Death ⓘ

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

Synaptic & Neurotransmission ⓘ

Protein Aggregation ⓘ

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

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