ATF3 Cancer Research Results

ATF3, Activating Transcription Factor 3: Click to Expand ⟱
Source:
Type:
ATF3 (Activating Transcription Factor 3) is a stress‐responsive transcription factor that is frequently induced by various cellular stresses, including DNA damage, oxidative stress, and inflammatory signals.

-Several studies have shown that ATF3 is upregulated in response to cellular stress in breast cancers.
-Increased ATF3 expression has been associated with reduced cell proliferation and invasiveness, suggesting a tumor-suppressive role.

• In some cancers and contexts, elevated ATF3 is linked with apoptosis induction and a favorable prognosis, acting as a tumor suppressor.
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
2735- BetA,    Betulinic acid as apoptosis activator: Molecular mechanisms, mathematical modeling and chemical modifications
- Review, Var, NA
mt-Apoptosis↑, BA and analogues (BAs) have been known to exhibit potential antitumor action via provoking the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis
Casp↑, cytosolic caspase activation
p38↑, inhibition of pro-apoptotic p38, MAPK and SAP/JNK kinases [8],
MAPK↓,
JNK↓,
VEGF↓, decreased expression of pro-apoptotic proteins and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)
AIF↑, BA was recognized to trigger the process of apoptosis in human metastatic melanoma cells (Me-45) by releasing apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) and cytochrome c (Cyt C) through mitochondrial membrane
Cyt‑c↑,
ROS↑, BA also stimulates the increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that is considered a stress factor involved in initiating mitochondrial membrane permeabilization
Ca+2↑, Moreover, the calcium overload and thereby ATP depletion are other stress factors causing enhanced inner mitochondrial membrane permeability via nonspecific pores formation
ATP↓,
NF-kB↓, BA has also known to be involved in activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) that is responsible for apoptosis induction in variety of cancer cells
ATF3↓, According to Zhang et al. [14], BA stimulates apoptosis through the suppression of cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-3 and NF-κB pathways and downregulation of p53 gene.
TOP1↓, inhibition of topoisomerases
VEGF↓, ecreased expression of vascular endothelial growth (VEGF) and the anti-apoptotic protein surviving in LNCaP prostate cancer cells.
survivin↓,
Sp1/3/4↓, selective proteasome-dependent targeted degradation of transcription factors specificity proteins (Sp1, Sp3, and Sp4), which generally regulate VEGF and survivin expression and highly over-expressed in tumor conditions
MMP↓, perturbed mitochondrial membrane potential
ChemoSen↑, BA can support as sensitizer in combination therapy to enhance the anticancer effects with minimum side effects.
selectivity↑, Normal human fibroblasts [41], peripheral blood lymphoblasts [41], melanocytes [32] and astrocytes [30] were found to be resistant to BA in vitro
BioAv↓, The clinical use of BA is seriously challenging due to high hydrophobicity which subsequently causes poor bioavailability
BioAv↑, A BA-loaded oil-in-water nanoemulsion was developed using phospholipase-catalyzed modified phosphatidylcholine as emulsifier in an ultrasonicator [120].
BioAv↑, Aqueous solubility of BA may also be increased through grinding with hydrophilic polymers (polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, arabinogalactan) [121,122].
BioAv↑, Subsequently, for further improvement in biocompatibility, a technique of nanotube coating was employed with four biopolymers i.e. polyethylene glycol (PEG), chitosan, tween 20 and tween 80.
BioAv↑, Similarly, BA-coated silver nanoparticles displayed an improved antiproliferative and antimigratory activity, particularly against melanoma cells (A375: murine melanoma cells)


Showing Research Papers: 1 to 1 of 1

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 1

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

ATF3↓, 1,   ROS↑, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

AIF↑, 1,   ATP↓, 1,   MMP↓, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

mt-Apoptosis↑, 1,   Casp↑, 1,   Cyt‑c↑, 1,   JNK↓, 1,   MAPK↓, 1,   p38↑, 1,   survivin↓, 1,  

Kinase & Signal Transduction ⓘ

Sp1/3/4↓, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

TOP1↓, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

Ca+2↑, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

VEGF↓, 2,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

NF-kB↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↓, 1,   BioAv↑, 4,   ChemoSen↑, 1,   selectivity↑, 1,  
Total Targets: 21

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Total Targets: 0

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: ATF3, Activating Transcription Factor 3
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:1263  State#:%  Dir#:1
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