NH3 Cancer Research Results

NH3, ammonia: Click to Expand ⟱
Source:
Type:
Cancer cells can produce ammonia through processes like glutaminolysis, where glutamine is metabolized to support rapid growth and proliferation.
High levels of ammonia can suppress the function of certain immune cells, such as T cells and natural killer (NK) cells, potentially allowing tumors to evade immune surveillance.
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
2068- PB,    Phenylbutyrate-induced glutamine depletion in humans: effect on leucine metabolism
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
glut↓, The 24-h phenylbutyrate treatment was associated with 1) an ≈26% decline in plasma glutamine concentration from 514 ± 24 to 380 ± 15 μM (means ± SE; P < 0.01 with pairedt-test) with no change in glutamine appearance rate or de novo synthesis;2)
NH3↓, Phenylacetate in turn reacts with glutamine in liver and kidney to yield phenylacetylglutamine (Fig.1). The latter is quantitatively excreted as such in the urine and seems to substitute for urea as a means to eliminate excess ammonia
eff↝, it is not known whether large doses of phenylbutyrate alter plasma glutamine concentration in healthy adults with an intact urea synthetic pathway

2048- PB,    Sodium Phenylbutyrate Inhibits Tumor Growth and the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma In Vitro and In Vivo
- in-vitro, OS, CAL27 - in-vitro, Oral, HSC3 - in-vitro, OS, SCC4 - in-vivo, NA, NA
*NH3↓, Sodium phenylbutyrate (SPB) as a salt of 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) has been reported to be an ammonia scavenger, histone deacetylase inhibitor, and an endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibitor
*HDAC↓,
*ER Stress↓,
Apoptosis?, SPB could significantly promote cell apoptosis
Bcl-2↓, BCL-2 was downregulated
cl‑Casp3↑, cleavage of caspase-3 was increased
TGF-β↑, transforming growth factor-β (TGFB) related epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was inhibited by SPB
N-cadherin↓, decreased mesenchymal marker N-cadherin and increased epithelial marker E-cadherin.
E-cadherin↑,
TumVol↓, SPB induced remarkably tumor regression with decreased tumor volume
eff↑, phenylbutyrate improved the sensitivity of cisplatin for cell cycle arrest by inhibiting the FA/BRCA pathway in cancer cells.

2029- PB,    Phenylbutyric Acid: simple structure - multiple effects
- Review, Var, NA
NH3↓, enabling excretion of toxic ammonia, thus acting as ammonia scavenger
HDAC↓, histone deacetylase inhibiting
ChemChap↑, serving as chemical chaperone


Showing Research Papers: 1 to 3 of 3

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 3

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

glut↓, 1,   NH3↓, 2,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Apoptosis?, 1,   Bcl-2↓, 1,   cl‑Casp3↑, 1,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

ChemChap↑, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

HDAC↓, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

E-cadherin↑, 1,   N-cadherin↓, 1,   TGF-β↑, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

eff↑, 1,   eff↝, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

TumVol↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 13

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

NH3↓, 1,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

ER Stress↓, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

HDAC↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 3

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: NH3, ammonia
3 Phenylbutyrate
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:218  State#:%  Dir#:1
  wNotes=on  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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