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| Hormone in the body made by pineal gland. • Melatonin is a potent antioxidant. It neutralizes reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), which are involved in DNA damage and cancer progression. • Melatonin has been shown to modulate apoptotic pathways by influencing mitochondrial permeability, cytochrome c release, and caspase activation. • In several cancer cell models, melatonin appears to promote apoptosis in malignant cells while sparing normal cells. The most well-known indolamines are serotonin and melatonin, both of which play significant roles in regulating mood, sleep, and overall mental well-being. Melatonin doses (20 mg to even 40 mg per day), often given as an adjuvant treatment for cancer. -The plasma half-life of melatonin is generally in the range of approximately 20 to 60 minutes -It has been suggested that administering melatonin at the appropriate phase of the circadian cycle may enhance its anti-tumor activity and reduce the side effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Bio-availability: Oral melatonin has a low and variable bio-availability (often estimated between 3% and 33%), which means that only a fraction of the ingested dose reaches the bloodstream unchanged. For proOxidant effect might need >10uM, which might be 100mg dose (assuming 10% bio-availability) Might also be required X10 levels? -It remains unknown whether the pro-oxidant action exists in vivo. the vast majority of evidence indicates that melatonin is a potent antioxidant in vivo even at pharmacological concentrations. Interactions: -Melatonin could potentially add to the blood pressure–lowering properties of antihypertensive drugs. -Patients using insulin should be monitored for changes in blood glucose levels. -Melatonin might interact with drugs like warfarin, aspirin, or clopidogrel.(antiplatelet) Melatonin Cancer Relevant Pathways
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| SOD, or superoxide dismutase, is an important antioxidant enzyme that plays a crucial role in protecting cells from oxidative stress. It catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide radicals into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. SOD Isoforms: There are three main isoforms of SOD: SOD1 (cytosolic): Often found to be overexpressed in certain tumors, which may help cancer cells survive in oxidative environments. SOD2 (mitochondrial): Plays a critical role in protecting mitochondria from oxidative damage. Its expression can be upregulated in some cancers, contributing to tumor growth and resistance to therapy. SOD3 (extracellular): Its role in cancer is less well understood, but it may have implications in the tumor microenvironment and metastasis. The expression levels of SOD can serve as a prognostic indicator in some cancers. For example, high levels of SOD expression have been associated with poor prognosis in certain types of tumors, potentially due to their role in promoting tumor cell survival and resistance to therapies. |
| 5384- | AsP, | MEL, | Synergistic Anticancer Effect of Melatonin and Ascorbyl Palmitate Nanoformulation: A Promising Combination for Cancer Therapy |
| - | in-vivo, | Var, | NA |
| 1782- | MEL, | Melatonin in Cancer Treatment: Current Knowledge and Future Opportunities |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 1779- | MEL, | Therapeutic Potential of Melatonin Counteracting Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity in Breast Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review |
| - | Review, | BC, | NA |
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers. Such Conditions may include : -low or high Dose -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations -different cell line effects -synergies with other products -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells
Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:% IllCat:% CanType:% Cells:% prod#:122 Target#:298 State#:% Dir#:2
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