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| 5-day diet to mimic fasting without fasting. FMDs are caloric-restricted plant–based diets containing low proteins, low sugar and high fats which represent a more feasible and safer option to water-only fasting. Fasting modality Approx CRIS -------------------------------------- ---------- Time-restricted eating (12–16 h) –3 to –4 Early time-restricted eating (eTRE) –4 Intermittent fasting (24 h 1–2x/week) –4 Periodic fasting / FMD –4 to –5* Calorie restriction (chronic) –3 (risk tradeoffs) Compare STF(short term Fasting) to FMD IGF-1 / insulin suppression (core driver) | Aspect | STF | FMD | | ----------------- | ------------------- | -------- | | Depth | **Very deep** | Moderate | | Speed | **Rapid (24–48 h)** | Gradual | | Tumor stress | **High** | Medium | | Normal protection | High | High |Fasting-Mimicking Diet (FMD; ~5-day low-protein, low-calorie cycle) Cancer vs Normal Cell Effects
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| Also known as CP32. Cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-3 (Caspase-3) is a common key protein in the apoptosis and pyroptosis pathways, and when activated, the expression level of tumor suppressor gene Gasdermin E (GSDME) determines the mechanism of tumor cell death. As a key protein of apoptosis, caspase-3 can also cleave GSDME and induce pyroptosis. Loss of caspase activity is an important cause of tumor progression. Many anticancer strategies rely on the promotion of apoptosis in cancer cells as a means to shrink tumors. Crucial for apoptotic function are executioner caspases, most notably caspase-3, that proteolyze a variety of proteins, inducing cell death. Paradoxically, overexpression of procaspase-3 (PC-3), the low-activity zymogen precursor to caspase-3, has been reported in a variety of cancer types. Until recently, this counterintuitive overexpression of a pro-apoptotic protein in cancer has been puzzling. Recent studies suggest subapoptotic caspase-3 activity may promote oncogenic transformation, a possible explanation for the enigmatic overexpression of PC-3. Herein, the overexpression of PC-3 in cancer and its mechanistic basis is reviewed; collectively, the data suggest the potential for exploitation of PC-3 overexpression with PC-3 activators as a targeted anticancer strategy. Caspase 3 is the main effector caspase and has a key role in apoptosis. In many types of cancer, including breast, lung, and colon cancer, caspase-3 expression is reduced or absent. On the other hand, some studies have shown that high levels of caspase-3 expression can be associated with a better prognosis in certain types of cancer, such as breast cancer. This suggests that caspase-3 may play a role in the elimination of cancer cells, and that therapies aimed at activating caspase-3 may be effective in treating certain types of cancer. Procaspase-3 is a apoptotic marker protein. Prognostic significance: • High Cas3 expression: Associated with good prognosis and increased sensitivity to chemotherapy in breast, gastric, lung, and pancreatic cancers. • Low Cas3 expression: Linked to poor prognosis and increased risk of recurrence in colorectal, hepatocellular carcinoma, ovarian, and prostate cancers. |
| 1854- | dietFMD, | How Far Are We from Prescribing Fasting as Anticancer Medicine? |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 1860- | dietFMD, | Chemo, | Fasting-mimicking diet blocks triple-negative breast cancer and cancer stem cell escape |
| - | in-vitro, | BC, | SUM159 | - | in-vitro, | BC, | 4T1 |
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers. Such Conditions may include : -low or high Dose -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations -different cell line effects -synergies with other products -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells
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