FGF21 Cancer Research Results
FGF21, FGF21: Click to Expand ⟱
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| Type: |
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21). FGF21 is best known as a metabolic regulator involved in energy homeostasis.
– FGF21 is an endocrine member of the fibroblast growth factor family primarily secreted by the liver, but also produced by adipose tissue and skeletal muscle.
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Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
*OS↑, MR seems to be an approach to prolong lifespan which has been validated extensively in various animal models
*mt-ROS↓, Mitochondrial ROS reduction by methionine restriction (MR) maintains redox balance
*H2S↑, MR ameliorates oxidative stress by autophagy activation and hepatic H2S generation.
*FGF21↑, MR impact on cognition by upregulation of FGF21 and alterations of gut microbiome.
*cognitive↑,
*GutMicro↑,
*IGF-1↓, long-term, low-fat, whole-food vegan diet may increase life expectancy in humans by down-regulating IGF-I activity
*mTOR↓, Suppression of the mTOR pathway by MR can also lead to increased H2S production,
*GSH↑, 80% MR increases the GSH content in erythrocytes of rats,
*SOD↑, A diet restricting methionine to 80% (0.17% Met) significantly increases plasma SOD and decreases MDA levels while increasing mRNA expression of Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO-1 in the heart of HFD-fed mice with cardiovascular impairment
*MDA↓,
*NRF2↑,
*HO-1↑,
*NQO1↑,
*GLUT4↑, In skeletal muscle, MR improved expression and transport of GLUT4 and glycogen levels and increased the expression of glycolysis-related genes (HK2, PFK, PKM) in HFD-fed mice
*Glycolysis↑,
*HK2↑,
*PFK↑,
*PKM2↑,
*GlucoseCon↑, promoting glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis, glycolysis, and aerobic oxidation in skeletal muscle.
*ATF4↑, MR can increase the expression of hepatic FGF21 by activating GCN2/ATF4/PPARα signaling in liver cells, thereby improving insulin sensitivity, accelerating energy expenditure, and promoting fat oxidation and glucose metabolism
*PPARα↑,
GSH↓, MR was able to decrease GSH in HepG2 cells, thereby regulating the activation state of protein tyrosine phosphatases such as PTEN.
GSTs↑, decrease of GSH by MR also triggers upregulation of glutathione S-transferase
ROS↑, Double deprivation of methionine and cystine both in vitro and in vivo resulted in a decrease in GSH content, an increase in ROS levels, and an induction of autophagy in glioma cells
*neuroP↑, A neuroprotective role of FGF21
*adiP↑, metabolic responses include reduced adiposity, reduced circulating and tissue lipid levels, increased plasma adiponectin and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21), and reduced fasting insulin and blood glucose
*FGF↑,
*Insulin↓,
*glucose↓,
*Akt↑, activation of Akt was significantly higher in methionine-restricted HepG2 cells
*GSH↓, MR produces a significant decrease in hepatic GSH
*PTEN↓, MR in HepG2 cells limits the capacity of the cells to reactivate oxidized PTEN, resulting in amplification of insulin activation of Akt by increasing PIP3.
*FGF21↑, MR produced a threefold increase in FGF-21 mRNA that was mirrored by a fourfold increase in serum FGF-21.
*PIP3↑,
Weight↓, Mice on the MR diet had reduced body weight and decreased adiposity
TumVol↓, They also had smaller tumors when compared to the mice bearing tumors on the CF diet
P21↑, Elevated expression of P21 occurred in both MCF10AT1-derived tumor tissue and endogenously in mammary gland tissue of MR mice.
p27↑, Breast cancer cell lines MCF10A and MDA-MB-231 grown in methionine-restricted cysteine-depleted media for 24 h also up-regulated P21 and P27 gene expression
*adiP↑, In rodents, a diet low in methionine (20-35 % of regular chow) reduced adiposity in the fat depots and reduced blood levels of lipids, glucose, IGF-1, and leptin, while elevating levels of FGF21 and adiponectin
*glucose↓,
*IGF-1↓,
*FGF21↑,
*OS↑, MR in rodents promotes longevity and delays onset of age-related impairments and chronic diseases
Ki-67↓, number of Ki67-positive stained cells was reduced in the tissue from mice on the MR diet
Casp3↑, MR mice had significantly elevated levels of activated caspase-3
cycD1/CCND1↓, Methionine restriction increases cell cycle inhibitors P21 and P27, while decreasing cyclin D1
Showing Research Papers: 1 to 3 of 3
* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 3
Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:
Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ
GSH↓, 1, GSTs↑, 1, ROS↑, 1,
Cell Death ⓘ
Casp3↑, 1, p27↑, 1,
Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ
cycD1/CCND1↓, 1, P21↑, 1,
Migration ⓘ
Ki-67↓, 1,
Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ
Ki-67↓, 1,
Functional Outcomes ⓘ
TumVol↓, 1, Weight↓, 1,
Total Targets: 11
Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:
Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ
GSH↓, 1, GSH↑, 1, HO-1↑, 1, MDA↓, 1, NQO1↑, 1, NRF2↑, 1, mt-ROS↓, 1, SOD↑, 1,
Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ
Insulin↓, 1,
Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ
adiP↑, 2, FGF21↑, 3, glucose↓, 2, GlucoseCon↑, 1, Glycolysis↑, 1, H2S↑, 1, HK2↑, 1, PFK↑, 1, PIP3↑, 1, PKM2↑, 1, PPARα↑, 1,
Cell Death ⓘ
Akt↑, 1,
Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ
FGF↑, 1, IGF-1↓, 2, mTOR↓, 1, PTEN↓, 1,
Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ
ATF4↑, 1,
Barriers & Transport ⓘ
GLUT4↑, 1,
Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ
GutMicro↑, 1,
Functional Outcomes ⓘ
cognitive↑, 1, neuroP↑, 1, OS↑, 2,
Total Targets: 31
Scientific Paper Hit Count for: FGF21, FGF21
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include :
-low or high Dose
-format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
-different cell line effects
-synergies with other products
-if effect was for normal or cancerous cells
Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:% IllCat:% CanType:% Cells:% prod#:% Target#:1279 State#:% Dir#:2
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