PKM1 Cancer Research Results

PKM1, pyruvate kinase muscle isoform 1: Click to Expand ⟱
Source:
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PKM1 (pyruvate kinase muscle isoform 1) is one of the isoenzymes of pyruvate kinase that drives the final step of glycolysis by converting phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate, with concomitant ATP production. Unlike PKM2, which is well known for its role in cancer metabolism (often favoring anabolic processes and rapid proliferation), PKM1 is constitutively active and promotes a more oxidative metabolism.

• In many cancers, a metabolic switch is observed where PKM2 is preferentially expressed to allow for metabolic flexibility and support biosynthetic needs. As a result, PKM1 is less frequently expressed in these tumor types.

• However, some studies have reported contexts in which a higher PKM1/PKM2 ratio is observed, which might be associated with a more oxidative and less proliferative metabolic state.
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
6419- MEL,    The potential influence of melatonin on mitochondrial quality control: a review
- Review, Nor, NA
*mt-ACC⇅, Melatonin regulates pyruvate or fatty acid metabolism to increase the concentration of acetyl-CoA in mitochondria. these studies indicate that melatonin increases or decreases acetyl-CoA content in mitochondria to regulate mitochondrial metabolism.
*PKM1↑, melatonin increases the activity of pyruvate kinase M1/2 (PKM) to regulate glycolysis
*PKM2↑,
*Glycolysis↝,
*PDKs↑, melatonin activates pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) to regulate acetyl-CoA content
*FAO↑, melatonin can promote fatty acid metabolism by directly enhancing β-oxidation or increasing the transfer of fatty acid-derived acetyl-CoA into mitochondria
*ETC↑, Second, melatonin can enhance the activity of the electron-transport chain (ETC) and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to regulate mitochondrial metabolism.
*OXPHOS↑,
*ATP↑, melatonin enhanced OXPHOS and promoted adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis in rat brain and liver mitochondria
Glycolysis↓, ome studies have found that melatonin drove the switch from cytosolic glycolysis to mitochondrial OXPHOS in cancer cells
OXPHOS↑,
*Ca+2↓, melatonin can regulate the membrane potential of mitochondria and decrease excessive calcium levels to enhance ETC activity to increase ATP production
*ROS↓, Melatonin exhibits superior antioxidant ability. Melatonin, as a major scavenger of reactive oxygen species (ROS), may play a pivotal role in protecting mitochondria from ROS-induced injury
*antiOx↑, These specific characteristics make melatonin a broad-spectrum antioxidant.
*SOD2↑, melatonin can upregulate the expression of superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) to prevent cell stress and injury
*GPx↑,
*Catalase↑,
*MFN1↑, On the one hand, melatonin increases mitochondrial fusion-related genes such as mitofusin-1 (Mfn1), mitofusin-2 (Mfn2) and optic atrophy1 (Opa1) to promote mitochondrial fusion
*MFN2↑,
*OPA1↑,
*YAP/TEAD↑, studies have found that melatonin activated the Yap-Hippo pathway to increase Opa1-related fusion
*Hippo↑,
*SIRT1↑, melatonin alleviated cardiac dysfunction induced by diabetes by upregulating SIRT1-PGC1α to inhibit the expression of Drp1
*PGC-1α↑,
*DRP1/DNM1L↓,

2409- PTS,    Pterostilbene Induces Pyroptosis in Breast Cancer Cells through Pyruvate Kinase 2/Caspase-8/Gasdermin C Signaling Pathway
- in-vitro, BC, EMT6 - in-vitro, BC, 4T1 - in-vitro, Nor, HC11
Pyro↑, PTE induced pyroptosis by inhibiting tumor glycolysis
Glycolysis↓, demonstrated that PTE inhibited the glycolysis of tumor tissue.
*toxicity∅, we tested the toxicity of PTE to HC11. The result showed that PTE did not affect the viability of HC11 (p > 0.05, Figure 2G) and indicated that PTE was non-toxic to mouse mammary epithelial cells.
selectivity↑,
GSDMC↑, The above experiments had demonstrated that PTE activated GSDMC
PKM2↓, Our results showed that PTE down-regulated the expression of PKM2 and upregulate the expression of PKM1 in tumor cells
PKM1↑,
GlucoseCon↓, PTE induced pyroptosis in mouse breast xenografts. Colorimetric kit results showed that PTE down-regulated glucose consumption, lactate production, and ATP content
lactateProd↓,
ATP↓,
TumCG↓, PTE inhibits the growth of mouse breast xenografts in vivo.

2431- QC,    The Protective Effect of Quercetin against the Cytotoxicity Induced by Fumonisin B1 in Sertoli Cells
- in-vitro, Nor, TM4
*Apoptosis↓, 40 μM quercetin improved cell viability, reduced apoptosis, and preserved cell functions.
*ROS↓, Quercetin also decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in TM4 cells exposed to FB1
*antiOx↓, enhanced the expression of antioxidant genes
*MMP↑, improved mitochondrial membrane potential.
*GPI↑, elevated the mRNA and protein expression of glycolysis-related genes, including (Gpi1), (Hk2), (Aldoa), (Pkm), lactate (Ldha) and (Pfkl)
*HK2↑,
*ALDOA↑,
*PKM1↑,
*LDHA↑,
*PFKL↑,


Showing Research Papers: 1 to 3 of 3

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 3

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress(tgid=1) ⓘ

OXPHOS↑, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics(tgid=3) ⓘ

ATP↓, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis(tgid=4) ⓘ

GlucoseCon↓, 1,   Glycolysis↓, 2,   lactateProd↓, 1,   PKM1↑, 1,   PKM2↓, 1,  

Cell Death(tgid=5) ⓘ

GSDMC↑, 1,   Pyro↑, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State(tgid=12) ⓘ

TumCG↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance(tgid=21) ⓘ

selectivity↑, 1,  
Total Targets: 11

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress(tgid=1) ⓘ

antiOx↓, 1,   antiOx↑, 1,   Catalase↑, 1,   GPx↑, 1,   MFN1↑, 1,   MFN2↑, 1,   OPA1↑, 1,   OXPHOS↑, 1,   ROS↓, 2,   SOD2↑, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics(tgid=3) ⓘ

ATP↑, 1,   DRP1/DNM1L↓, 1,   ETC↑, 1,   MMP↑, 1,   PGC-1α↑, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis(tgid=4) ⓘ

mt-ACC⇅, 1,   ALDOA↑, 1,   FAO↑, 1,   Glycolysis↝, 1,   GPI↑, 1,   HK2↑, 1,   LDHA↑, 1,   PDKs↑, 1,   PFKL↑, 1,   PKM1↑, 2,   PKM2↑, 1,   SIRT1↑, 1,  

Cell Death(tgid=5) ⓘ

Apoptosis↓, 1,   Hippo↑, 1,   YAP/TEAD↑, 1,  

Migration(tgid=13) ⓘ

Ca+2↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes(tgid=23) ⓘ

toxicity∅, 1,  
Total Targets: 32

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: PKM1, pyruvate kinase muscle isoform 1
1 Melatonin
1 Pterostilbene
1 Quercetin
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:1306  State#:%  Dir#:2
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