DDS Cancer Research Results
DDS, Drug Delivery System: Click to Expand ⟱
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Drug Delivery System
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Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
DDS↑, ecent scientific research demonstrates that
chitosan represents a valuable candidate for designing non-invasive drug delivery strategies.
toxicity↓, Chitosan nanoparticles are capable of optimizing drug pharmacokinetics, increasing local drug
concentrations, and reducing overall systemic toxicity.
TJ↓, Its positively charged amino groups give it unique properties, including mucoadhesion, the ability to open epithelial tight junctions, and strong interactions with negativelycharged biological membranes, which helps increase the bioavailability of d
BioAv↑,
*Bacteria↓, Beyond its role in drug delivery, chitosan also has antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, antioxidant, and tissue-regenerating effects
*Inflam↓,
*antiOx↓,
Wound Healing↑, (used in wound healing
other↝, Chitosan nanoparticles are most commonly produced via ionotropic gelation, where positively
charged amino groups interact with multivalent anions, such as tripolyphosphate (TPP).
eff↑, Chitosan-based hydrogels can be adapted to respond to physiological stimuli, especially
changes in pH.
eff↑, acidic tumor microenvironments, pH-sensitive chitosan releases drugs, while under redox conditions with
elevated GSH levels, carriers disintegrate, ensuring intracellular drug delivery
other↑, Nanoscale systems based on natural polymers like chitosan have garnered significant attention as promising platforms for cancer diagnosis and therapy owing to chitosan's inherent biocompatibility, biodegradability, nontoxicity, and ease of functional
Imm↑, The immunomodulatory effects of chitosan and its role in impacting the tumor microenvironment are analyzed.
DDS↑,
DDS↑, Chitosan (CS) has emerged as a versatile biopolymer for designing drug delivery systems (DDS) in colorectal cancer (CRC) therapy due to its biocompatibility, mucoadhesive properties, and ability to be surface-functionalized.
eff↑, Examples of nanocarriers include chitosan (CS) nanoparticles (NPs)
BioAv↑, CS is a non-toxic, biodegradable polymer characterized by high biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and mucoadhesive as well as absorption-enhancing properties.
BioEnh↑,
eff↑, Effective CRC targeting therefore requires DDS able to withstand early degradation while enabling controlled drug release within colonic or tumoral compartments which are characterized by excessive ROS levels, distinct enzyme activity, higher pH
DDS↑, This paper focuses on the strategies implemented using chitin and chitosan biopolymers in drug delivery for cancer treatment.
antiOx↑, it has intrinsic material properties such as antioxidant, antibacterial, and antitumor
Bacteria↓,
AntiTum↑,
Half-Life↑, They are the perfect choice for use in drug delivery systems that call for a sustained drug release over a long timeframe because of this attribute
BioAv↑, These polysaccharides have demonstrated favorable properties, including biodegradability, biocompatibility, and low toxicity, making them ideal candidates for use as drug carriers.
toxicity↓,
DDS↑, Chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) have prospects as a revolutionary delivery system capable of enhancing anticancer drug activity and reducing negative impacts on normal cells.
BioAv↑, delivering materials to improve the bioactivity of NPs and to understand the intricacies of breast cancer has garnered significant interest.
EPR↑, Enhancement of the therapeutic efficacy of therapy, especially in tumor therapy, through passive targeting or enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effects
TumCP↓, Inhibitory effects on tumor cell proliferation, tumor-associated angiogenesis, and metastasis, thus exhibiting good anticancer activity
angioG↓,
TumMeta↓,
other↑, The primary goal of modifying CS is to enhance its solubility, which may lead to a wider range of potential applications
DDS↑, Improved drug delivery systems (DDSs), which enhance the efficacy of current chemotherapeutic drugs while reducing their toxicity, offer potential solutions to these challenges
BioAv↑, Chitosan (CS) and its derivatives are biopolymers with biodegradable, biocompatible, and low-toxicity properties, and their structure allows for convenient chemical and mechanical modifications.
TumCP↓, CS can impede the proliferation of tumor cells through the inhibition of angiogenesis and metastasis, as well as by triggering apoptosis.
angioG↓,
TumMeta↓,
Apoptosis↑,
eff↑, CS and its derivatives are also frequently preferred as DDSs due to their properties such as high drug-carrying capacity, polycationic structure, long-term circulation, and direct targeting of cancer cells.
other↝, A common method for the synthesis of chitosan is the deacetylation of chitin using sodium hydroxide in excess as a reagent and water as a solvent
other↝, molecular weight of chitosan is between 3800 and 20,000 Daltons. The degree of deacetylation (%DD) ranges from 60% to 100%.
*Weight↝, chitosan and fat is not very well understood and has not been proved clinically yet, chitosan has been used as an effective complement to help lose weight during diet period or to stabilise one's weight
*toxicity↓, Since they are biocompatible, biodegradable, mucoadhesive, and nontoxic, with antimicrobial, antiviral, and adjuvant properties, chitin and chitosan have been widely applied in medicine and pharmacy
*Bacteria↓,
*BioAv↑,
DDS↑, Combined with drugs such as doxorubicin, paclitaxel, docetaxel, and norcantharidin, chitin and chitosan are used as drug carriers.
*Wound Healing↑, Moreover, chitin has some unusual properties that accelerate healing of wounds in humans
*other↝, Because of its mucoadhesive properties, chitin and chitosan are widely applied for mucosal routes of administration, that is, oral, nasal, and ocular mucosa, which are noninvasive routes.
*Imm↑, hypothesized that a viscous chitosan solution, when administered subcutaneously, would not only provide immune stimulation as previously
eff↑, With the development of nanotechnology, chitosan have shown its unique advantages when combined with nanoparticles.
*BioAv↝, Chitosan is soluble in diluted acids but is relatively insoluble in water [66, 67]. The poor solubility of chitosan poses limitations for its biomedical applications.
*BioAv↑, By attaching galactose molecules to the chitosan molecules, a new water-soluble compound, glycated chitosan (GC), was formed
eff↑, Chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) can be administrated through noninvasive routes such as oral, nasal, pulmonary, and ocular routes
NK cell↑, CNP remarkably increased the killing activities of NK cells activity
IL2↑, CNP also significantly promoted the production of Th1 (IL-2 and IFN-γ) and Th2 (IL-10) cytokines
IFN-γ↑,
IL10↑,
DDS↑, various biomedical applications, including drug delivery, cartilage repair, wound healing, and tissue engineering, because of its unique physicochemical properties.
*Cartilage↑,
*Wound Healing↑,
Imm↑, investigation of the immunomodulatory properties of chitosan, since the biopolymer has been shown to modulate the maturation, activation, cytokine production, and polarization of dendritic cells and macrophages
cGAS–STING↑, Several signaling pathways, including the cGAS–STING, STAT-1, and NLRP3 inflammasomes, are involved in chitosan-induced immunomodulation. CS activates the cGAS–STING signaling pathway
STAT1↑, One crucial factor is DDA, as it was observed that 80% DDA CS activated the STAT-1 pathway, whereas 98% DDA did not
NLRP3↑, activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by CS requires the presence of mitochondrial ROS.
*DCells↑, CS has been studied for its potential impact on DC activation, which is a crucial step in initiating the immune response.
*IL10↓, The use of CS also reduced IL-10 production and increased TGF-β1, TNF-α, and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) (p < 0.001) levels.
*TGF-β1↓,
*TNF-α↓,
IL1β↓,
ROS↑, CS internalization in DCs caused mitochondrial stress and led to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS)
eff↑, Promising due to interaction between negatively charged nucleic acids and positively charged chitosan
DDS↑, CHITOSAN IN DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS
Chitosan-based nanoparticles (CS-NPs) are able to overcome mucosal barriers and release drugs in a delayed manner
Half-Life↑,
eff↑, Enhancement of antitumor properties of gene delivery by co-delivery with drug
eff↑, Oral administration shows low efficacy and significant side effects, however, promising results with CS-NPs
BioAv↑, attractive properties such as solubility in acidic aqueous media, reactive functional groups for functionalization and crosslinking [ 11 ], non-oxidation, biodegradability, muco adhesibility, biocompatibility, and FDA approval for use in wound dressi
Wound Healing↑,
DDS↑, The most important properties that chitosan provides when included in drug delivery systems is the protection of the physiological environment [ 30 ], increases bioavailability, is biocompatible, so it will not generate toxicity
toxicity↓,
eff↑, In the development of new delivery systems based on chitosan and other materials, it is possible to think about the inclusion of several drugs and the synergy of the materials, to improve the therapy and to continue avoiding the unpleasant side effec
angioG↓, Both chitosan and its various derivatives have been reported to selectively permeate through the cancer cell membranes and show anticancer activity through the cellular enzymatic, antiangiogenic, immunoenhancing, antioxidant defense mechanism, and ap
*Imm↑,
*antiOx↑,
selectivity↑, They get sequestered from noncancer cells and provide their enhanced bioavailability in cancer cells in a sustained release manner.
other↝, The degree of deacetylation (DDA) of chitin ranges from 60 to 100 % and molecular weight of commercially obtained chitosan ranges from 3800 to 20,000 Daltons.
toxicity↓, The degree of deacetylation (DDA) of chitin ranges from 60 to 100 % and molecular weight of commercially obtained chitosan ranges from 3800 to 20,000 Daltons.
BioAv↑,
eff↝, exert anticancer activity with minimal toxicity on noncancer cells [13] and such activity against different cancer cell lines significantly depends upon molecular weight and DDA [
Half-Life↑, Sustained Release Mechanism
MPT↑, Chitosan MDA-MB-231 Permeation enhancement, lowering of MMP9 activity
MMP9↓,
lipid-P↑, induction of lipid peroxidation, enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effect
EPR↑,
NK cell↑, Immunoenhancement through increase in activity of NK cells, T cells, killer lymphocytes and cytokins.
Casp3↑, Cellular apoptosis, activation of caspase-3 and caspase-8,
Casp8↑,
TumCCA↑, Cytokine signaling cell cycle arrest, ROS activation
ROS↑,
DDS↑, CMCS has been prepared as a carrier of anticancer drug such as 5- fluorouracil, curcumin, and doxorubicin
VEGF↓, decrease in VEGF level and increase in TIMP1 level after 14-day treatment of mouse serum with CMCS in vivo.
TIMP1↑,
ChemoSen↑, The paclitaxel loaded modified glycol chitosan nanoparticles in the size of 400 nm has been found to show sustained release of paclitaxel to bring about the inhibition of MCF-7 tumor growth due to EPR effect in vitro
eff↑, Chitosan-curcumin nanoformulation has been found to show anticancer activity following the apoptotic pathways associated with DNA damage, cell-cycle blockage, and elevation of ROS levels in vivo
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in-vitro, |
Melanoma, |
B16-F10 |
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eff↑, The Enox-Dac-Chi NPs with IC50 of 59.60 ± 1.25 μg/ml were the most cytotoxic against melanoma cancer cells compared with chitosan nanoparticles containing only dacarbazine (Dac-Chi NPs) and free dacarbazine.
DDS↑, results showed that simultaneous delivery of dacarbazine and enoxaparin by chitosan nanoparticles can enhance the anti-melanoma effect of dacarbazine
DDS↑, attained promising recognition from researchers for improving the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of chemotherapeutics.
eff↓, CS-NPs for target-specific delivery of chemotherapeutics have also been considered.
*Bacteria↓, Owing to their inherent antimicrobial, antioxidant, wound healing, analgesic, anti-rheumatic, immunomodulatory, mucoadhesive, antiproliferative, and antimetastatic properties, CS and CS-NPs have been extensively investigated
*antiOx↑,
*Wound Healing↑,
*Imm↑,
TumCP↓,
TumMeta↓,
angioG↓, anticancer potential of CS and CS-NPs was attributed to their antiangiogenic, antioxidant, immunoenhancing, and apoptotic effects
Apoptosis↑,
ROS↑, apoptotic effect of CS-NPs is due to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which induce apoptosis and cause severe stress to the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum.
ER Stress↑,
BioAv↑, CS-NPs improve the rate and extent of absorption of chemotherapeutics from the site of administration owing to their prolonged residence time.
Half-Life↑,
eff↑, interesting approach employing high-intensity ultrasound was proposed by Choi et al35 to improve the penetration of CS-NPs into tumor tissues.
EPR↑, permeated CS-NPs were retained in tumor tissues for longer periods. This phenomenon is called “Enhanced Permeation and Retention (EPR)” effect.
ChemoSen↑, In addition to monodelivery, CS-NPs have shown tremendous potential for combined delivery of chemotherapeutics.
eff↑, CS-NPs have been conjugated with a variety of targeting ligands (eg, folic acid, hyaluronic acid, transferrin, antibodies, peptides, and aptamers) to enable selective intracellular delivery.
*DDS↑, nanocarriers have shown their great potential to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and have emerged as a prominent carrier system in drug delivery.
*BBB↑,
*eff↑, e.g., polysaccharide-based NPs, polymeric NPs, selenium NPs, AuNPs, protein-based NPs, gadolinium NPs, etc.), that showed great therapeutic benefits against NDs.
*BBB↑, (Met@MSe@Tf) with high enzyme-like activity, metformin (Met) was loaded, and transferrin (Tf) was modified to bind to transferrin receptor to promote receptor-mediated transport across the BBB
*eff↑, promote the release of metformin by nanoflower to achieve therapeutic effect in the brain lesion site.
*cognitive↑, Met@MSe@Tf significantly increased the number of NeuN-positive neurons in the hippocampus of AD mice, promoted neurovascular normalization in the brain, and improved cognitive dysfunction in AD transgenic AD mice.
DDS↑, preclinical proof of concept for the construction of a highly modular accurate drug delivery platform for Alzheimer's disease.
*DDS↑, This review systematically examines the rational design and recent advancements in engineered nanoplatforms for brain-targeted co-delivery of phytochemicals in AD.
*cognitive↑, nanodrug delivery systems demonstrate substantial cognitive improvement in AD animal models through synergistic multi-pathway effects: inhibiting Aβ aggregation, modulating Tau phosphorylation,
*Aβ↓,
*tau↓,
*Inflam↓, reducing neuroinflammation, and enhancing antioxidant activity, often at markedly reduced doses compared to free drugs.
*antiOx↑,
*BioAv↑, A novel RSV–selenium nanoparticle (RSV–SeNP) system was developed by combining RSV with SeNPs, substantially improving the bioavailability and stability of RSV.
*BioAv↑, A nanodelivery system based on arabic gum and polysorbate 80-modified Qu-loaded selenium nanoparticles (P80-Qu@Se NCs) substantially improved the water solubility and stability of Qu
*neuroP↑, Cur/Se–PLGA nanospheres: Dual action: anti–Aβ aggregation & neuroprotection. High biocompatibility and sustained drug release.
*BioAv↑, The nanoemulsion particle size and monodispersity ensured efficient BBB penetration, with brain drug concentrations increasing eight-fold compared to free carvacrol.
*AChE↓, carvacrol nanoemulsions improved ACh signaling by reducing brain AChE activity.
*DDS↑, new drug delivery systems are being developed to overcome the BBB and improve the delivery of therapeutics to the brain, ultimately improving treatment outcomes for AD patients.
*Dose↝, in-depth analysis of recent advancements in AD treatment strategies, such as silica nanoparticles loaded with curcumin, selenium nanoparticles loaded with resveratrol,
*p‑Akt↑, The Akt phosphorylation can be activated by curcumin, which also deactivates GSK-3β, reducing Aβ production and plaque deposition [65]. Another target is the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), which is found at higher levels in AD patients
*GSK‐3β↓,
*NF-kB↓,
*BBB↑, Se/Cur-PLGA nanospheres administered intravenously into transgenic 5XFAD mice with AD, demonstrating an enhanced efficiency of penetrating the BBB
*AChE↓, One of the most significant mechanisms of quercetin’s efficacy in AD is the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which prevents the degradation of acetylcholine, resulting in reduced Aβ aggregate production.
*DDS↑, The present drug delivery system of Cur loaded Se-PLGA nanospheres could be decreases the amyloid-β load in the brains samples of AD mice, and greatly cured the memory deficiency of the model mice.
*Aβ↓,
*memory↑,
*antiOx↑, Selenium nanoparticles stabilized with chitosan (Ch-SeNPs) and with both chitosan and chlorogenic acid polyphenol (CGA@ChSeNPs) showed the highest antioxidant properties with EC50 of 0.9 and 0.07 mM, respectively.
*Aβ↓, Ch-SeNPs produced a high inhibition of metal-induced Aβ aggregation,
*DDS↑, Thus, SeNPs could be produced to generate
tunable nanostructures with anticancer or antibacterial proper-
ties, as well as to design drug delivery systems.
*Dose↝, (CGA@ChSeNPs) were se-
lected for this study as they combine the biocompatibility of
chitosan with the antioxidative and metal-chelating properties
of selenium and chlorogenic acid.
Showing Research Papers: 1 to 19 of 19
* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 19
Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:
Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ
antiOx↑, 1, lipid-P↑, 1, ROS↑, 3,
Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ
MPT↑, 1,
Cell Death ⓘ
Apoptosis↑, 2, Casp3↑, 1, Casp8↑, 1,
Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ
other↑, 2, other↝, 4,
Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ
ER Stress↑, 1,
Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ
TumCCA↑, 1,
Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ
STAT1↑, 1,
Migration ⓘ
MMP9↓, 1, TIMP1↑, 1, TJ↓, 1, TumCP↓, 3, TumMeta↓, 3,
Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ
angioG↓, 4, EPR↑, 3, VEGF↓, 1,
Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ
IFN-γ↑, 1, IL10↑, 1, IL1β↓, 1, IL2↑, 1, Imm↑, 2, NK cell↑, 2,
Cellular Microenvironment ⓘ
cGAS–STING↑, 1,
Protein Aggregation ⓘ
NLRP3↑, 1,
Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ
BioAv↑, 8, BioEnh↑, 1, ChemoSen↑, 2, DDS↑, 14, eff↓, 1, eff↑, 15, eff↝, 1, Half-Life↑, 4, selectivity↑, 1,
Functional Outcomes ⓘ
AntiTum↑, 1, toxicity↓, 4, Wound Healing↑, 2,
Infection & Microbiome ⓘ
Bacteria↓, 1,
Total Targets: 41
Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:
Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ
antiOx↓, 1, antiOx↑, 4,
Cell Death ⓘ
p‑Akt↑, 1,
Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ
other↝, 1,
Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ
GSK‐3β↓, 1,
Migration ⓘ
Cartilage↑, 1, TGF-β1↓, 1,
Barriers & Transport ⓘ
BBB↑, 3,
Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ
DCells↑, 1, IL10↓, 1, Imm↑, 3, Inflam↓, 2, NF-kB↓, 1, TNF-α↓, 1,
Synaptic & Neurotransmission ⓘ
AChE↓, 2, tau↓, 1,
Protein Aggregation ⓘ
Aβ↓, 3,
Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ
BioAv↑, 5, BioAv↝, 1, DDS↑, 5, Dose↝, 2, eff↑, 2,
Functional Outcomes ⓘ
cognitive↑, 2, memory↑, 1, neuroP↑, 1, toxicity↓, 1, Weight↝, 1, Wound Healing↑, 3,
Infection & Microbiome ⓘ
Bacteria↓, 3,
Total Targets: 29
Scientific Paper Hit Count for: DDS, Drug Delivery System
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include :
-low or high Dose
-format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
-different cell line effects
-synergies with other products
-if effect was for normal or cancerous cells
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