PA Cancer Research Results

PA, Propionic Acid: Click to Expand ⟱
Source:
Type:

Propionic Acid - Propionate

Abbreviation: PA, propionate

Type: Short-chain fatty acid / microbial and metabolic signaling metabolite

Function: Propionic acid is a three-carbon short-chain fatty acid produced primarily by gut microbial fermentation of dietary carbohydrates and fiber. It is converted to propionyl-CoA and ultimately succinyl-CoA and can influence mitochondrial metabolism, gut-brain signaling, immune responses, gene expression, GLP-1 and PYY secretion, and histone deacetylase activity.

Cancer: ↕ Context-dependent. Propionate can inhibit histone deacetylases, alter tumor-cell metabolism, suppress proliferation, and promote differentiation or apoptosis in selected cancer models. However, its effects vary substantially with tumor type, concentration, metabolic state, and microbiome context.

Alzheimer's Disease: ↕ Context-dependent. Physiological SCFA signaling may support intestinal and blood-brain barrier function and regulate neuroinflammation, whereas excessive propionate has been associated with Alzheimer's disease and may contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction, excitotoxicity, altered nitrogen metabolism, and neuroinflammation. Elevated propionate has been reported in some human and experimental AD studies.
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
7654- IP,    Dietary Supplementation of Inulin Contributes to the Prevention of Estrogen Receptor-Negative Mammary Cancer by Alteration of Gut Microbial Communities and Epigenetic Regulations
- in-vivo, BC, NA
TumCG↓, Inulin supplementation greatly inhibited tumor growth and significantly delayed tumor latency.
GutMicro↑, The mice that consumed inulin had a distinct microbiome and higher diversity of gut microbial composition compared to the control.
PA↑, The concentration of propionic acid in plasma was significantly higher in the inulin-supplemented group.
HDAC2↓, The protein expression of epigenetic-modulating histone deacetylase 2 (Hdac2), Hdac8, and DNA methyltransferase 3b decreased.
HDAC8↓,
DNMT3B↓,
Akt↓, protein expression of factors related to tumor cell proliferation and survival, such as Akt, phospho-PI3K, and NF-kB, also decreased with inulin administration.
PI3K↓,
NF-kB↓,
Dose↝, This study explored the cancer prevention effect of 8%, 10%, and 15% inulin-supplemented diets (IN) on ER-negative mammary tumor development.
Dose↝, previous publications whereby 8% inulin (40 g fiber/day) was proven to be physiologically reasonable for treating human patients

7660- IP,    Overview of experimental data on reduction of colorectal cancer risk by inulin-type fructans
- Review, CRC, NA
SCFAs↑, Important products formed by fermentation of inulin-type fructans with human gut flora are short-chain fatty acids.
Buty↑, Of these, butyrate and propionate inhibit growth of colon tumor cells and histone deacetylases.
PA↑,
TumCG↓,
HDAC↓,
Apoptosis↑, Butyrate also causes apoptosis, reduces metastasis in colon cell lines, and protects from genotoxic carcinogens by enhancing expression of enzymes involved in detoxification.
TumMeta↓,

7661- IP,    Enhancement of carbohydrate metabolism by probiotic and prebiotic intake promotes short-chain fatty acid production in the gut microbiome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial
- Trial, Nor, NA
*PA↑, Two weeks of BL + IN intake significantly increased acetate, propionate, and butyrate concentrations and Bifidobacterium abundance compared to placebo.
*Buty↑,
*GutMicro↑,
*SCFAs↑, suggesting an enhanced capacity for SCFA production.

7666- IP,    Short-chain fatty acid kinetics and concentrations are higher after inulin supplementation in young and older adults: a randomized trial
- Trial, Nor, NA
*Dose↝, placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover study, 21 YAs (20-29 y) and 40 OAs (59-87 y) adults were supplemented with inulin or placebo (maltodextrin) for 7 d (final intake: 30 g/d)
*Buty↑, Inulin evoked a 44% increase in butyrate production (μmol/min) in the inaccessible pool
*PA↑, In addition, a 34% increase in propionate production in YA only
*AcOH↑, We found a 50%-60% increase in fecal acetate, propionate, and butyrate and a 34% increase in plasma butyrate in OA, whereas in YA only 34% increase in fecal acetate.
*SCFAs↑, Inulin intake increases SCFA production.


Showing Research Papers: 1 to 4 of 4

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 4

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


NA, unassigned(tgid=0) ⓘ

Buty↑, 1,   PA↑, 2,   SCFAs↑, 1,  

Cell Death(tgid=5) ⓘ

Akt↓, 1,   Apoptosis↑, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair(tgid=10) ⓘ

DNMT3B↓, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State(tgid=12) ⓘ

HDAC↓, 1,   HDAC2↓, 1,   HDAC8↓, 1,   PI3K↓, 1,   TumCG↓, 2,  

Migration(tgid=13) ⓘ

TumMeta↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling(tgid=16) ⓘ

NF-kB↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance(tgid=21) ⓘ

Dose↝, 2,  

Clinical Biomarkers(tgid=22) ⓘ

GutMicro↑, 1,  
Total Targets: 15

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


NA, unassigned(tgid=0) ⓘ

AcOH↑, 1,   Buty↑, 2,   PA↑, 2,   SCFAs↑, 2,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance(tgid=21) ⓘ

Dose↝, 1,  

Clinical Biomarkers(tgid=22) ⓘ

GutMicro↑, 1,  
Total Targets: 6

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: PA, Propionic Acid
4 Inulin Prebiotic
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:1678  State#:%  Dir#:2
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