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| Type: |
| SYP - Synaptophysin Abbreviation: SYP, Synaptophysin Type: Presynaptic vesicle membrane protein / synaptic density biomarker / neuroendocrine marker Function: Synaptophysin is an abundant integral membrane glycoprotein of presynaptic vesicles. It participates in synaptic vesicle organization, trafficking, exocytosis, and recycling and is widely used as a marker of presynaptic terminals and synaptic density. In pathology, SYP is also a standard marker of neuroendocrine differentiation. Cancer: ↕ Context-dependent / lineage marker. Synaptophysin is frequently increased in neuroendocrine malignancies and is widely used diagnostically to identify neuroendocrine differentiation, including small-cell lung cancer, neuroendocrine prostate cancer, carcinoid tumors, and other neuroendocrine neoplasms. Increased SYP generally reflects neuroendocrine phenotype rather than a universal tumor-promoting mechanism. Alzheimer's Disease: ↓ Reduced synaptophysin is a well-established marker of presynaptic and synaptic loss in Alzheimer's disease. Lower SYP levels are associated with synaptic degeneration and correlate with cognitive impairment and disease severity. |
| 7784- | ISL, | Isoliquiritigenin attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced cognitive impairment through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity |
| - | in-vivo, | AD, | NA |
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