NRF2 Cancer Research Results

NRF2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2: Click to Expand ⟱
Source: TCGA
Type: Antiapoptotic
Nrf2 is responsible for regulating an extensive panel of antioxidant enzymes involved in the detoxification and elimination of oxidative stress. Thought of as "Master Regulator" of antioxidant response.
-One way to estimate Nrf2 induction is through the expression of NQO1.
NQO1, the most potent inducer:
SFN 0.2 μM,
quercetin (2.5 μM),
curcumin (2.7 μM),
Silymarin (3.6 μM),
tamoxifen (5.9 μM),
genistein (6.2 μM ),
beta-carotene (7.2μM),
lutein (17 μM),
resveratrol (21 μM),
indol-3-carbinol (50 μM),
chlorophyll (250 μM),
alpha-cryptoxanthin (1.8 mM),
and zeaxanthin (2.2 mM)

1. Raising Nrf2 enhances the cell's antioxidant defenses and ↓ROS. This strategy is used to decrease chemo-radio side effects.
2. Downregulating Nrf2 lowers antioxidant defenses and ↑ROS. In cancer cells this leads to DNA damage, and cell death.
3. However there are some cases where increasing Nrf2 paradoxically causes an increase in ROS (cancer cells). Such as cases of Mitochondial overload, signal crosstalk, reductive stress

-In some cases, Nrf2 is overexpressed in cancer cells, which can lead to the activation of genes involved in cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. This can contribute to the development of resistance to chemotherapy and targeted therapies.
-Increased Nrf2 expression: Lung, Breast, Colorectal, Prostrate.
Decreased Nrf2 expression: Skine, Liver, Pancreatic.
-Nrf2 is a cytoprotective transcription factor which demonstrated both a negative effect as well as a positive effect on cancer
- "promotes Nrf2 translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus," means facilitates the movement of Nrf2 into the nucleus, thereby enhancing the cell's antioxidant and cytoprotective responses. -Major regulator of Nrf2 activity in cells is the cytosolic inhibitor Keap1.

Nrf2 Inhibitors and Activators
Nrf2 Inhibitors: Brusatol, Luteolin, Trigonelline, VitC, Retinoic acid, Chrysin
Nrf2 Activators: SFN, OPZ EGCG, Resveratrol, DATS, CUR, CDDO, Api
- potent Nrf2 inducers from plants include sulforaphane, curcumin, EGCG, resveratrol, caffeic acid phenethyl ester, wasabi, cafestol and kahweol (coffee), cinnamon, ginger, garlic, lycopene, rosemany

Nrf2 plays dual roles in that it can protect normal tissues against oxidative damage and can act as an oncogenic protein in tumor tissue.
– In healthy tissues, NRF2 activation helps protect cells from oxidative damage and maintains cellular homeostasis.
– In many cancers, constitutive activation of NRF2 (often through mutations in NRF2 itself or loss-of-function mutations in KEAP1) leads to an enhanced antioxidant capacity.
– This upregulation can promote tumor cell survival by enabling cancer cells to thrive under oxidative stress, resist chemotherapeutic agents, and sustain metabolic reprogramming.
– Elevated NRF2 levels have been implicated in promoting tumor growth, metastasis, and resistance to therapy in various malignancies.
– High or sustained NRF2 activity is frequently associated with aggressive tumor phenotypes, poorer prognosis, and decreased overall survival in several cancer types.
– While its activation is essential for protecting normal cells from oxidative stress, aberrant or sustained NRF2 activation in tumor cells can lead to enhanced survival, therapeutic resistance, and tumor progression.

NRF2 inhibitors: (to decrease antioxidant defenses and increase cell death from ROS).
-Brusatol: most cited natural inhibitors of Nrf2.
-Luteolin: luteolin can reduce Nrf2 activity in specific cancer models and may enhance cell sensitivity to chemotherapy. However, luteolin is also known as an antioxidant, and its influence on Nrf2 can sometimes be context dependent.
-Apigenin: certain studies to down‑regulate Nrf2 in cancer cells: Dose and context dependent .
-Oridonin:
-Wogonin: although its effects might be cell‑ and dose‑specific.
- Withaferin A

Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
6461- 1,8-Cin,    1,8-cineole (eucalyptol): A versatile phytochemical with therapeutic applications across multiple diseases
- Review, AD, NA - Review, Var, NA
*Inflam↓, *antiOx↑, *neuroP↑, *BioAv↑, *Half-Life↝, *toxicity↓, *PGE2↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *NO↓, *NF-kB↓, *PPARγ↓, COX2↓, *ROS↓, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *TAC↑, *MDA↓, *lipid-P↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *NADPH↑, *GPx↑, *AntiBio↑, *eff↑, *AntiFungal↑, *AntiViral↑, *TRPA1↑, eff↑, TumCCA↑, ROS↑, MAPK↝, mTOR↝, Apoptosis↑, survivin↓, Akt↓, p38↑, cl‑PARP↑, cl‑Casp3⇅, P53↑, BAX↑, Cyt‑c↑, Casp9↑, Dose↝, *Aβ↓, *tau↓, *GSK‐3β↓, *BACE↓, *cardioP↑, MFN2↑,
6474- 1,8-Cin,    Molecular Docking Identifies 1,8-Cineole (Eucalyptol) as A Novel PPARγ Agonist That Alleviates Colon Inflammation
- in-vitro, Nor, HT29 - in-vivo, Nor, NA - in-vivo, IBD, NA
*Inflam↓, *NRF2↑, *antiOx↑, *PPARγ↑, eff↑,
5471- AF,    Anti-Tumoral Treatment with Thioredoxin Reductase 1 Inhibitor Auranofin Fosters Regulatory T Cell and B16F10 Expansion in Mice
- vitro+vivo, Melanoma, B16-F10
TrxR1↓, AntiTum↑, ROS↑, NRF2↑, TumCD↑,
5470- AF,    Exploring a Therapeutic Gold Mine: The Antifungal Potential of the Gold-Based Antirheumatic Drug Auranofin
- Review, Var, NA
TrxR↓, other↝, IL6↑, IL8↑, NK cell⇅, COX2↓, NOS2↓, NRF2↑, Prx↑, Half-Life↑, Dose↝, ROS↑, NF-kB↓,
372- AgNPs,    Investigating oxidative stress and inflammatory responses elicited by silver nanoparticles using high-throughput reporter genes in HepG2 cells: effect of size, surface coating, and intracellular uptake
- in-vitro, Hepat, HepG2
NRF2↑, GSH↓,
5238- AgNPs,    β-Sitosterol-assisted silver nanoparticles activates Nrf2 and triggers mitochondrial apoptosis via oxidative stress in human hepatocellular cancer cell line
- in-vitro, HCC, HepG2
TumCP↓, ROS↑, NRF2↑, BAX↑, P53↑, Cyt‑c↑, Casp9↑, Casp3↑, Bcl-2↓,
4434- AgNPs,  SSE,    Sodium Selenite Ameliorates Silver Nanoparticles Induced Vascular Endothelial Cytotoxic Injury by Antioxidative Properties and Suppressing Inflammation Through Activating the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway
- vitro+vivo, Nor, NA
*ROS↓, *Inflam↓, *NLRP3↓, *NF-kB↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *toxicity↓,
4561- AgNPs,  VitC,    Cellular Effects Nanosilver on Cancer and Non-cancer Cells: Potential Environmental and Human Health Impacts
- in-vitro, CRC, HCT116 - in-vitro, Nor, HEK293
NRF2↑, TumCCA↑, ROS↑, selectivity↑, *AntiViral↑, *toxicity↝, ETC↓, MMP↓, DNAdam↑, Apoptosis↑, lipid-P↑, other↝, UPR↑, *GRP78/BiP↑, *p‑PERK↑, *cl‑eIF2α↑, *CHOP↑, *JNK↑, Hif1a↓, AntiCan↑, *toxicity↓, eff↑,
236- AL,    Allicin: Chemistry and Biological Properties
- Analysis, NA, NA
GSH↓, Bacteria↓, LDL↓, ROS↑, NRF2↑, cognitive↑, memory↑, BP↓, RNS↓,
2657- AL,    Allicin pharmacology: Common molecular mechanisms against neuroinflammation and cardiovascular diseases
- Review, CardioV, NA - Review, AD, NA
*Inflam↓, *antiOx↑, *neuroP↑, *cardioP↑, *AntiTum↑, *mtDam↑, *HSP70/HSPA5↑, *NRF2↑, *RAAS↓, *cognitive↑, *SOD↑, *ROS↓, *NRF2↑, *ER Stress↓, *neuroP↑, *memory↑, *TBARS↓, *MPO↓, *SOD↑, *GSH↑, *iNOS↓, *p‑eNOS↑, *HO-1↑,
2660- AL,    Allicin: A review of its important pharmacological activities
- Review, AD, NA - Review, Var, NA - Review, Park, NA - Review, Stroke, NA
*Inflam↓, AntiCan↑, *antiOx↑, *cardioP↑, *hepatoP↑, *BBB↑, *Half-Life↝, *H2S↑, *BP↓, *neuroP↑, *cognitive↑, *neuroP↑, *ROS↓, *GutMicro↑, *LDH↓, *ROS↓, *lipid-P↓, *antiOx↑, *other↑, *PI3K↓, *Akt↓, *NF-kB↓, *NO↓, *iNOS↓, *PGE2↓, *COX2↓, *IL6↓, *TNF-α↓, *MPO↓, *eff↑, *NRF2↑, *Keap1↓, *TBARS↓, *creat↓, *LDH↓, *AST↓, *ALAT↓, *MDA↓, *SOD↑, *GSH↑, *GSTs↑, *memory↑, chemoP↑, IL8↓, Cyt‑c↑, Casp3↑, Casp8↑, Casp9↑, Casp12↑, p38↑, Fas↑, P53↑, P21↑, CHK1↓, CycB/CCNB1↓, GSH↓, ROS↑, TumCCA↑, Hif1a↓, Bcl-2↓, VEGF↓, TumCMig↓, STAT3↓, VEGFR2↓, p‑FAK↓,
5356- AL,    Therapeutic role of allicin in gastrointestinal cancers: mechanisms and safety aspects
- Review, GC, NA
Apoptosis↑, TumCP↓, MAPK↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, NF-kB↓, AntiCan↑, ChemoSen↑, TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, BioAv↑, selectivity↑, TGF-β↓, ROS↑, DNAdam↑, p‑P53↑, P21↑, cycD1/CCND1↓, cycE/CCNE↓, CDK4↓, CDK6↓, MMP↓, NF-kB↑, BAX↑, Bcl-2↓, ER Stress↑, Casp↑, AIF↑, Fas↑, Casp8↑, Cyt‑c↑, cl‑PARP↑, Ca+2↑, *NRF2↑, *chemoP↑, *GutMicro↑, CycB/CCNB1↑, H2S↑, HIF-1↓, RadioS↑,
1235- ALA,  Cisplatin,    α-Lipoic acid prevents against cisplatin cytotoxicity via activation of the NRF2/HO-1 antioxidant pathway
- in-vitro, Nor, HEI-OC1 - ex-vivo, NA, NA
ROS↑, HO-1↓, *toxicity↓, chemoP↑, *ROS↓, *HO-1↑, *SOD1↑, *NRF2↑,
278- ALA,    The Multifaceted Role of Alpha-Lipoic Acid in Cancer Prevention, Occurrence, and Treatment
- Review, NA, NA
ROS↑, NRF2↑, Inflam↓, frataxin↑, *BioAv↓, ChemoSen↑, Hif1a↓, eff↑, FAK↓, ITGB1↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, EMT↓, Snail↓, Vim↓, Zeb1↓, P53↑, MGMT↓, Mcl-1↓, Bcl-xL↓, Bcl-2↓, survivin↓, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, BAX↑, p‑Akt↓, GSK‐3β↓, *antiOx↑, *ROS↓, selectivity↑, angioG↓, MMPs↓, NF-kB↓, ITGB3↓, NADPH↓,
3271- ALA,    Decrypting the potential role of α-lipoic acid in Alzheimer's disease
- Review, AD, NA
*antiOx↑, *memory↑, *neuroP↑, *Inflam↓, *IronCh↑, *NRF2↑, *BBB↑, *GlucoseCon↑, *Ach↑, *ROS↓, *p‑tau↓, *Aβ↓, *cognitive↑, *Hif1a↑, *Ca+2↓, *GLUT3↑, *GLUT4↑, *HO-1↑, *VEGF↑, *PDKs↓, *PDH↑, *VCAM-1↓, *GSH↑, *NRF2↑, *hepatoP↑, *ChAT↑,
3272- ALA,    Alpha-lipoic acid as a dietary supplement: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential
- Review, AD, NA
*antiOx↑, *glucose↑, *eNOS↑, *NRF2↑, *MMP9↓, *VCAM-1↓, *NF-kB↓, *cardioP↑, *cognitive↑, *eff↓, *BBB↑, *IronCh↑, *GSH↑, *PKCδ↑, *ERK↑, *p38↑, *MAPK↑, *PI3K↑, *Akt↑, *PTEN↓, *AMPK↑, *GLUT4↑, *GLUT1↑, *Inflam↓,
3456- ALA,    Renal-Protective Roles of Lipoic Acid in Kidney Disease
- Review, NA, NA
*RenoP↑, *ROS↓, *antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *Sepsis↓, *IronCh↑, *BUN↓, *creat↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL6↓, *IL1β↓, *MDA↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *NQO1↑, *chemoP↑, *eff↑, *NF-kB↓,
3438- ALA,    The Potent Antioxidant Alpha Lipoic Acid
- Review, NA, NA - Review, AD, NA
*antiOx↑, *cardioP↑, *cognitive↑, *AntiAge↑, *Inflam↓, *AntiCan↑, *neuroP↑, *IronCh↑, *ROS↑, *Weight↓, *Ach↑, *ROS↓, *GSH↑, *lipid-P↓, *memory↑, *NRF2↑, *ChAT↑, *GlucoseCon↑, *Acetyl-CoA↑,
3449- ALA,    Alpha-Lipoic Acid Downregulates IL-1β and IL-6 by DNA Hypermethylation in SK-N-BE Neuroblastoma Cells
- in-vitro, AD, SK-N-BE
*antiOx↑, *NRF2↑, *NF-kB↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, neuroP↑,
3539- ALA,    Alpha-lipoic acid as a dietary supplement: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential
- Review, AD, NA
*ROS↓, *IronCh↑, *GSH↑, *antiOx↑, *NRF2↑, *MMP9↓, *VCAM-1↓, *NF-kB↓, *cognitive↑, *Inflam↓, *BioAv↝, *BioAv↝, *BBB↑, *H2O2∅, *neuroP↑, *PKCδ↑, *ERK↑, *MAPK↑, *PI3K↑, *Akt↑, *PTEN↓, *AMPK↑, *GLUT4↑, *GlucoseCon↑, *BP↝, *eff↑, *ICAM-1↓, *VCAM-1↓, *Dose↝,
3541- ALA,    Insights on alpha lipoic and dihydrolipoic acids as promising scavengers of oxidative stress and possible chelators in mercury toxicology
- Review, Var, NA
*antiOx↑, *IronCh↑, *GSH↑, *BBB↑, Apoptosis↑, MMP↓, ROS↑, lipid-P↑, PARP1↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, *NRF2↑, *GSH↑, *ROS↓, RenoP↑, ChemoSen↑, *BG↓,
3550- ALA,    Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Alpha-Lipoic Acid: Beneficial or Harmful in Alzheimer's Disease?
- Review, AD, NA
*antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *PGE2↓, *COX2↓, *iNOS↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *BioAv↓, *Ach↑, *ROS↓, *cognitive↑, *neuroP↑, *BBB↑, *Half-Life↓, *BioAv↑, *Casp3↓, *Casp9↓, *ChAT↑, *cognitive↑, *eff↑, *cAMP↑, *IL2↓, *INF-γ↓, *TNF-α↓, *SIRT1↑, *SOD↑, *GPx↑, *MDA↓, *NRF2↑,
1159- And,    Andrographolide, an Anti-Inflammatory Multitarget Drug: All Roads Lead to Cellular Metabolism
- Review, NA, NA
NRF2↑, COX2↓, IL6↓, IL8↓, IL1↓, iNOS↓, MPO↓, TNF-α↓, VEGF↓, Hif1a↓, p‑AMPK↑,
4280- Api,    Protective effects of apigenin in neurodegeneration: An update on the potential mechanisms
- Review, AD, NA - Review, Park, NA
*neuroP↑, *antiOx↑, *ROS↓, *Inflam↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *PI3K↑, *Akt↑, *BBB↑, *NRF2↑, *SOD↑, *GPx↑, *MAPK↓, *Catalase↑, *HO-1↑, *COX2↓, *PGE2↓, *PPARγ↑, *TLR4↓, *GSK‐3β↓, *Aβ↓, *NLRP3↓, *BDNF↑, *TrkB↑, *GABA↑, *AChE↓, *Ach↑, *5HT↑, *cognitive↑, *MAOA↓,
2318- Api,    Apigenin as a multifaceted antifibrotic agent: Therapeutic potential across organ systems
- Review, Nor, NA
*ROS↓, *PKM2↓, *Hif1a↓, *TGF-β↓, *AMPK↑, *Inflam↓, *PI3K↓, *Akt↑, *NRF2↑, *NF-kB↓,
1562- Api,    Apigenin protects human melanocytes against oxidative damage by activation of the Nrf2 pathway
- in-vitro, Vit, NA
*SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *GPx↑, *MDA↓, *NRF2↑, *toxicity∅,
1561- Api,    Apigenin Reactivates Nrf2 Anti-oxidative Stress Signaling in Mouse Skin Epidermal JB6 P + Cells Through Epigenetics Modifications
- in-vivo, Nor, JB6
*NRF2↑, *DNMT1↓, *DNMT3A↓, *HDAC↓, *AntiCan↑,
3387- ART/DHA,    Ferroptosis: A New Research Direction of Artemisinin and Its Derivatives in Anti-Cancer Treatment
- Review, Var, NA
BioAv↓, lipid-P↑, Ferroptosis↑, Iron↑, GPx4↓, GSH↓, P53↑, ER Stress↑, PERK↑, ATF4↑, GRP78/BiP↑, CHOP↑, ROS↑, NRF2↑,
3388- ART/DHA,    Keap1 Cystenine 151 as a Potential Target for Artemisitene-Induced Nrf2 Activation
- in-vitro, Lung, A549 - in-vitro, Nor, GP-293 - in-vitro, BC, MDA-MB-231
NRF2↑, ROS∅,
3389- ART/DHA,    Emerging mechanisms and applications of ferroptosis in the treatment of resistant cancers
- Review, Var, NA
GSH↓, ROS↑, NRF2↑, eff↑,
567- ART/DHA,    An Untargeted Proteomics and Systems-based Mechanistic Investigation of Artesunate in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells
- in-vitro, Lung, BEAS-2B
NRF2↑, AP-1↑, NFAT↑,
1076- ART/DHA,    The Potential Mechanisms by which Artemisinin and Its Derivatives Induce Ferroptosis in the Treatment of Cancer
- Review, NA, NA
Ferroptosis↑, ROS↑, ER Stress↑, i-Iron↓, TumAuto↑, AMPK↑, mTOR↑, P70S6K↑, Fenton↑, lipid-P↑, ROS↑, ChemoSen↑, NRF2↑, NRF2↓,
4278- ART/DHA,    Artemisinin Ameliorates the Neurotoxic Effect of 3-Nitropropionic Acid: A Possible Involvement of the ERK/BDNF/Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway
- in-vivo, NA, NA
*IL6↓, *Casp3↓, *Casp9↓, *BDNF↑, *ERK↑, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *neuroP↑, *antiOx↑, *Inflam↓,
4991- ART/DHA,  doxoR,    Dihydroartemisinin alleviates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and ferroptosis by activating Nrf2 and regulating autophagy
- in-vivo, Nor, H9c2
*cardioP↑, *ROS↓, *Ferroptosis↓, *NRF2↑, Keap1↓,
3174- Ash,    Withaferin A Acts as a Novel Regulator of Liver X Receptor-α in HCC
- in-vitro, HCC, HepG2 - in-vitro, HCC, Hep3B - in-vitro, HCC, HUH7
NF-kB↓, angioG↓, Inflam↓, TumCP↓, TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, Sp1/3/4↓, VEGF↓, angioG↓, uPA↓, PDGF↓, MCP1↓, ICAM-1↓, *NRF2↑, *hepatoP↑,
3173- Ash,    Nano-targeted induction of dual ferroptotic mechanisms eradicates high-risk neuroblastoma
- in-vitro, neuroblastoma, NA
GPx4↓, HO-1↑, lipid-P↑, Keap1↓, NRF2↑, Ferroptosis↑,
3156- Ash,    Withaferin A: From ayurvedic folk medicine to preclinical anti-cancer drug
- Review, Var, NA
MAPK↑, p38↑, BAX↑, BIM↑, CHOP↑, ROS↑, DR5↑, Apoptosis↑, Ferroptosis↑, GPx4↓, BioAv↝, HSP90↓, RET↓, E6↓, E7↓, Akt↓, cMET↓, Glycolysis↓, TCA↓, NOTCH1↓, STAT3↓, AP-1↓, PI3K↓, eIF2α↓, HO-1↑, TumCCA↑, CDK1↓, *hepatoP↑, *GSH↑, *NRF2↑, Wnt↓, EMT↓, uPA↓, CSCs↓, Nanog↓, SOX2↓, CD44↓, lactateProd↓, Iron↑, NF-kB↓,
3160- Ash,    Withaferin A: A Pleiotropic Anticancer Agent from the Indian Medicinal Plant Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal
- Review, Var, NA
TumCCA↑, H3↑, P21↑, cycA1/CCNA1↓, CycB/CCNB1↓, cycE/CCNE↓, CDC2↓, CHK1↓, Chk2↓, p38↑, MAPK↑, E6↓, E7↓, P53↑, Akt↓, FOXO3↑, ROS↑, γH2AX↑, MMP↓, mitResp↓, eff↑, TumCD↑, Mcl-1↓, ER Stress↑, ATF4↑, ATF3↑, CHOP↑, NOTCH↓, NF-kB↓, Bcl-2↓, STAT3↓, CDK1↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, N-cadherin↓, EMT↓, Cyt‑c↑, eff↑, CDK4↓, p‑RB1↓, PARP↑, cl‑Casp3↑, cl‑Casp9↑, NRF2↑, ER-α36↓, LDHA↓, lipid-P↑, AP-1↓, COX2↓, RenoP↑, PDGFR-BB↓, SIRT3↑, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, NADPH↑, NQO1↑, GSR↑, HO-1↑, *SOD2↑, *Prx↑, *Casp3?, eff↑, Snail↓, Slug↓, Vim↓, CSCs↓, HEY1↓, MMPs↓, VEGF↓, uPA↓, *toxicity↓, CDK2↓, CDK4↓, HSP90↓,
3161- Ash,    Withaferin A inhibits ferroptosis and protects against intracerebral hemorrhage
- in-vivo, Stroke, NA
*neuroP↑, *MDA↓, *ROS↓, *SOD↑, *GPx↑, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑,
3163- Ash,  Rad,    Withaferin A, a steroidal lactone, selectively protects normal lymphocytes against ionizing radiation induced apoptosis and genotoxicity via activation of ERK/Nrf-2/HO-1 axis
*radioP↑, selectivity↑, *Casp3↓, *DNAdam↓, *ROS↓, *GSH↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *Catalase↑, *SOD↑, *Prx↑, *ERK↑,
3164- Ash,    Withaferin A alleviates fulminant hepatitis by targeting macrophage and NLRP3
*hepatoP↑, *IKKα↓, *NLRP3↓, *NRF2↑, *AMPK↑, *Inflam↓, *Apoptosis↓, *cl‑Casp3↓, *cl‑PARP1↓, *NLRP3↓, *ROS↓, *ALAT↓, *AST↓, *GSH↑,
3166- Ash,    Exploring the Multifaceted Therapeutic Potential of Withaferin A and Its Derivatives
- Review, Var, NA
*p‑PPARγ↓, *cardioP↑, *AMPK↑, *BioAv↝, *Half-Life↝, *Half-Life↝, *Dose↑, *chemoPv↑, IL6↓, STAT3↓, ROS↓, OXPHOS↓, PCNA↓, LDH↓, AMPK↑, TumCCA↑, NOTCH3↓, Akt↓, Bcl-2↓, Casp3↑, Apoptosis↑, eff↑, NF-kB↓, CSCs↓, HSP90↓, PI3K↓, FOXO3↑, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, N-cadherin↓, EMT↓, FASN↓, ACLY↓, ROS↑, NRF2↑, HO-1↑, NQO1↑, JNK↑, mTOR↓, neuroP↑, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *IL8↓, *IL18↓, RadioS↑, eff↑,
5425- ASTX,    Multiple roles of fucoxanthin and astaxanthin against Alzheimer's disease: Their pharmacological potential and therapeutic insights
- in-vivo, AD, NA
*neuroP↑, *antiOx↑, *Inflam↑, *AChE↓, *BACE↓, *MAOA↓, *Aβ↓, *memory↑, *MDA↓, *SOD↑, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *NF-kB↓, *GSK‐3β↓, *ChAT↑, *iNOS↓, *ROS↓, *BBB↑,
4815- ASTX,    The Promising Effects of Astaxanthin on Lung Diseases
- Review, Var, NA
Dose↑, *BioAv↝, *BioAv↝, *antiOx↑, *NRF2↑, *ERK↓,
4804- ASTX,    Astaxanthin in cancer therapy and prevention (Review)
- Review, Var, NA - Review, AD, NA
*antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, ChemoSen⇅, chemoP↑, BioAv↑, TumCP↑, ROS⇅, Apoptosis↑, PI3K↑, Akt↑, GSK‐3β↑, NRF2↑, AntiCan↑, *neuroP↑, eff↑, AntiTum↑,
5508- Ba,    Neuroprotective effects of baicalin and baicalein on the central nervous system and the underlying mechanisms
- Review, Stroke, NA - Review, Park, NA - Review, AD, NA
*neuroP↑, *antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *BioAv↝, *BioAv↑, *Half-Life↝, *TLR4↓, *NF-kB↓, *iNOS↓, *COX2↓, *TNF-α↓, *12LOX↓, *NLRP3↓, *ROS↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *GSK‐3β↓, *NRF2↑, *BBB↑, *SOD↑, *GPx↑, *MDA↓,
5501- Ba,    Therapeutic effects and mechanisms of action of Baicalein on stomach cancer: a comprehensive systematic literature review
- Review, GC, NA
AntiCan↑, Apoptosis↑, TumCP↓, TumMeta↓, BAX↑, TumAuto↑, ROS↑, NRF2↝, PI3K↓, Akt↓, NF-kB↓, TGF-β↓, SMAD4↓, GPx4↓, MMP↓, *HO-1↑, *GSTs↑, *antiOx↑, *AntiTum↑, *NRF2↑, ChemoSen↑, Akt↓, mTOR↓, FAK↓, Ki-67↓,
4305- Ba,    Study on the Molecular Mechanism of Baicalin Phosphorylation of Tau Protein Content in a Cell Model of Intervention Cognitive Impairment
- in-vitro, NA, SH-SY5Y
*cognitive↑, *p‑Akt↑, *p‑GSK‐3β↑, *p‑tau↓, *neuroP↑, *NF-kB↓, *AMPK↑, *NRF2↑,
1530- Ba,    Baicalein Decreases Hydrogen Peroxide‐Induced Damage to NG108‐15 Cells via Upregulation of Nrf2
- in-vitro, Nor, NG108-15
*12LOX↓, *ROS↓, *NRF2↑, *eff↑,
1527- Ba,    Baicalein Alleviates Arsenic-induced Oxidative Stress through Activation of the Keap1/Nrf2 Signalling Pathway in Normal Human Liver Cells
- in-vitro, Nor, MIHA
*p‑NRF2↑, *ROS↓, *MDA↓, *antiOx↑,

Showing Research Papers: 1 to 50 of 408
Page 1 of 9 Next

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 408

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress(tgid=1) ⓘ

ATF3↑, 1,   Fenton↑, 1,   Ferroptosis↑, 4,   frataxin↑, 1,   GPx4↓, 4,   GSH↓, 5,   GSR↑, 1,   HO-1↓, 1,   HO-1↑, 4,   Iron↑, 2,   i-Iron↓, 1,   Keap1↓, 2,   lipid-P↑, 6,   MFN2↑, 1,   MPO↓, 1,   NQO1↑, 2,   NRF2↓, 1,   NRF2↑, 17,   NRF2↝, 1,   OXPHOS↓, 1,   Prx↑, 1,   RNS↓, 1,   ROS↓, 1,   ROS↑, 19,   ROS⇅, 1,   ROS∅, 1,   SIRT3↑, 1,   TrxR↓, 1,   TrxR1↓, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics(tgid=3) ⓘ

AIF↑, 1,   CDC2↓, 1,   ETC↓, 1,   mitResp↓, 1,   MMP↓, 5,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis(tgid=4) ⓘ

ACLY↓, 1,   AMPK↑, 2,   p‑AMPK↑, 1,   FASN↓, 1,   Glycolysis↓, 1,   H2S↑, 1,   lactateProd↓, 1,   LDH↓, 1,   LDHA↓, 1,   LDL↓, 1,   NADPH↓, 1,   NADPH↑, 1,   TCA↓, 1,  

Cell Death(tgid=5) ⓘ

Akt↓, 7,   Akt↑, 1,   p‑Akt↓, 1,   Apoptosis↑, 9,   BAX↑, 6,   Bcl-2↓, 6,   Bcl-xL↓, 1,   BIM↑, 1,   Casp↑, 1,   Casp12↑, 1,   Casp3↑, 5,   cl‑Casp3↑, 1,   cl‑Casp3⇅, 1,   Casp8↑, 2,   Casp9↑, 5,   cl‑Casp9↑, 1,   Chk2↓, 1,   Cyt‑c↑, 5,   DR5↑, 1,   Fas↑, 2,   Ferroptosis↑, 4,   HEY1↓, 1,   iNOS↓, 1,   JNK↑, 1,   MAPK↓, 1,   MAPK↑, 2,   MAPK↝, 1,   Mcl-1↓, 2,   p38↑, 4,   survivin↓, 2,   TumCD↑, 2,  

Kinase & Signal Transduction(tgid=6) ⓘ

RET↓, 1,   Sp1/3/4↓, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics(tgid=7) ⓘ

H3↑, 1,   other↝, 2,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress(tgid=8) ⓘ

CHOP↑, 3,   eIF2α↓, 1,   ER Stress↑, 4,   GRP78/BiP↑, 1,   HSP90↓, 3,   PERK↑, 1,   UPR↑, 1,  

Autophagy & Lysosomes(tgid=9) ⓘ

TumAuto↑, 2,  

DNA Damage & Repair(tgid=10) ⓘ

CHK1↓, 2,   DNAdam↑, 2,   MGMT↓, 1,   P53↑, 6,   p‑P53↑, 1,   PARP↑, 1,   cl‑PARP↑, 2,   PARP1↑, 1,   PCNA↓, 1,   γH2AX↑, 1,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence(tgid=11) ⓘ

CDK1↓, 2,   CDK2↓, 1,   CDK4↓, 3,   cycA1/CCNA1↓, 1,   CycB/CCNB1↓, 2,   CycB/CCNB1↑, 1,   cycD1/CCND1↓, 1,   cycE/CCNE↓, 2,   P21↑, 3,   p‑RB1↓, 1,   TumCCA↑, 7,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State(tgid=12) ⓘ

CD44↓, 1,   cMET↓, 1,   CSCs↓, 3,   EMT↓, 4,   FOXO3↑, 2,   GSK‐3β↓, 1,   GSK‐3β↑, 1,   mTOR↓, 2,   mTOR↑, 1,   mTOR↝, 1,   Nanog↓, 1,   NOTCH↓, 1,   NOTCH1↓, 1,   NOTCH3↓, 1,   P70S6K↑, 1,   PI3K↓, 4,   PI3K↑, 1,   SOX2↓, 1,   STAT3↓, 4,   Wnt↓, 1,  

Migration(tgid=13) ⓘ

AP-1↓, 2,   AP-1↑, 1,   Ca+2↑, 1,   ER-α36↓, 1,   FAK↓, 2,   p‑FAK↓, 1,   ITGB1↓, 1,   ITGB3↓, 1,   Ki-67↓, 1,   MMP2↓, 2,   MMP9↓, 2,   MMPs↓, 2,   N-cadherin↓, 2,   NFAT↑, 1,   PDGF↓, 1,   Slug↓, 1,   SMAD4↓, 1,   Snail↓, 2,   TGF-β↓, 2,   TumCI↓, 1,   TumCMig↓, 2,   TumCP↓, 4,   TumCP↑, 1,   TumMeta↓, 1,   uPA↓, 3,   Vim↓, 2,   Zeb1↓, 1,   β-catenin/ZEB1↓, 2,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature(tgid=14) ⓘ

angioG↓, 3,   ATF4↑, 2,   HIF-1↓, 1,   Hif1a↓, 4,   PDGFR-BB↓, 1,   VEGF↓, 4,   VEGFR2↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling(tgid=16) ⓘ

COX2↓, 4,   ICAM-1↓, 1,   IL1↓, 1,   IL6↓, 2,   IL6↑, 1,   IL8↓, 2,   IL8↑, 1,   Inflam↓, 2,   MCP1↓, 1,   NF-kB↓, 8,   NF-kB↑, 1,   NK cell⇅, 1,   TNF-α↓, 1,  

Hormonal & Nuclear Receptors(tgid=20) ⓘ

CDK6↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance(tgid=21) ⓘ

BioAv↓, 1,   BioAv↑, 2,   BioAv↝, 1,   ChemoSen↑, 5,   ChemoSen⇅, 1,   Dose↑, 1,   Dose↝, 2,   eff↑, 11,   Half-Life↑, 1,   RadioS↑, 2,   selectivity↑, 4,  

Clinical Biomarkers(tgid=22) ⓘ

BP↓, 1,   E6↓, 2,   E7↓, 2,   IL6↓, 2,   IL6↑, 1,   Ki-67↓, 1,   LDH↓, 1,   NOS2↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes(tgid=23) ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 5,   AntiTum↑, 2,   chemoP↑, 3,   cognitive↑, 1,   memory↑, 1,   neuroP↑, 2,   RenoP↑, 2,  

Infection & Microbiome(tgid=24) ⓘ

Bacteria↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 207

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


NA, unassigned(tgid=0) ⓘ

AntiBio↑, 1,   TRPA1↑, 1,  

Redox & Oxidative Stress(tgid=1) ⓘ

antiOx↑, 22,   Catalase↑, 4,   Ferroptosis↓, 1,   GPx↑, 6,   GSH↓, 1,   GSH↑, 10,   GSTs↑, 2,   H2O2∅, 1,   HO-1↑, 12,   Keap1↓, 1,   lipid-P↓, 3,   MDA↓, 9,   MPO↓, 2,   NQO1↑, 1,   NRF2↑, 34,   p‑NRF2↑, 1,   Prx↑, 2,   ROS↓, 23,   ROS↑, 1,   SOD↑, 11,   SOD1↑, 1,   SOD2↑, 1,   TAC↑, 1,   TBARS↓, 2,  

Metal & Cofactor Biology(tgid=2) ⓘ

IronCh↑, 6,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics(tgid=3) ⓘ

mtDam↑, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis(tgid=4) ⓘ

12LOX↓, 2,   Acetyl-CoA↑, 1,   ALAT↓, 2,   AMPK↑, 6,   BUN↓, 1,   cAMP↑, 1,   glucose↑, 1,   GlucoseCon↑, 3,   H2S↑, 1,   LDH↓, 2,   NADPH↑, 1,   PDH↑, 1,   PDKs↓, 1,   PKM2↓, 1,   PPARγ↓, 1,   PPARγ↑, 2,   p‑PPARγ↓, 1,   SIRT1↑, 1,  

Cell Death(tgid=5) ⓘ

Akt↓, 1,   Akt↑, 4,   p‑Akt↑, 1,   Apoptosis↓, 1,   Casp3?, 1,   Casp3↓, 3,   cl‑Casp3↓, 1,   Casp9↓, 2,   Ferroptosis↓, 1,   iNOS↓, 5,   JNK↑, 1,   MAPK↓, 1,   MAPK↑, 2,   p38↑, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics(tgid=7) ⓘ

Ach↑, 4,   other↑, 1,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress(tgid=8) ⓘ

CHOP↑, 1,   cl‑eIF2α↑, 1,   ER Stress↓, 1,   GRP78/BiP↑, 1,   HSP70/HSPA5↑, 1,   p‑PERK↑, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair(tgid=10) ⓘ

DNAdam↓, 1,   DNMT1↓, 1,   DNMT3A↓, 1,   cl‑PARP1↓, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State(tgid=12) ⓘ

ERK↓, 1,   ERK↑, 4,   GSK‐3β↓, 4,   p‑GSK‐3β↑, 1,   HDAC↓, 1,   PI3K↓, 2,   PI3K↑, 3,   PTEN↓, 2,  

Migration(tgid=13) ⓘ

Ca+2↓, 1,   MMP9↓, 2,   PKCδ↑, 2,   TGF-β↓, 1,   VCAM-1↓, 4,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature(tgid=14) ⓘ

eNOS↑, 1,   p‑eNOS↑, 1,   Hif1a↓, 1,   Hif1a↑, 1,   NO↓, 2,   VEGF↑, 1,  

Barriers & Transport(tgid=15) ⓘ

BBB↑, 9,   GLUT1↑, 1,   GLUT3↑, 1,   GLUT4↑, 3,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling(tgid=16) ⓘ

COX2↓, 4,   ICAM-1↓, 1,   IKKα↓, 1,   IL18↓, 1,   IL1β↓, 7,   IL2↓, 1,   IL6↓, 7,   IL8↓, 1,   INF-γ↓, 1,   Inflam↓, 17,   Inflam↑, 1,   NF-kB↓, 11,   PGE2↓, 4,   TLR4↓, 2,   TNF-α↓, 8,  

Synaptic & Neurotransmission(tgid=18) ⓘ

5HT↑, 1,   AChE↓, 2,   BDNF↑, 2,   ChAT↑, 4,   GABA↑, 1,   MAOA↓, 2,   tau↓, 1,   p‑tau↓, 2,   TrkB↑, 1,  

Protein Aggregation(tgid=19) ⓘ

Aβ↓, 4,   BACE↓, 2,   NLRP3↓, 5,  

Hormonal & Nuclear Receptors(tgid=20) ⓘ

RAAS↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance(tgid=21) ⓘ

BioAv↓, 2,   BioAv↑, 3,   BioAv↝, 6,   Dose↑, 1,   Dose↝, 1,   eff↓, 1,   eff↑, 6,   Half-Life↓, 1,   Half-Life↝, 5,  

Clinical Biomarkers(tgid=22) ⓘ

ALAT↓, 2,   AST↓, 2,   BG↓, 1,   BP↓, 1,   BP↝, 1,   creat↓, 2,   GutMicro↑, 2,   IL6↓, 7,   LDH↓, 2,  

Functional Outcomes(tgid=23) ⓘ

AntiAge↑, 1,   AntiCan↑, 2,   AntiTum↑, 2,   cardioP↑, 7,   chemoP↑, 2,   chemoPv↑, 1,   cognitive↑, 10,   hepatoP↑, 5,   memory↑, 5,   neuroP↑, 16,   radioP↑, 1,   RenoP↑, 1,   toxicity↓, 5,   toxicity↝, 1,   toxicity∅, 1,   Weight↓, 1,  

Infection & Microbiome(tgid=24) ⓘ

AntiFungal↑, 1,   AntiViral↑, 2,   Sepsis↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 160

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: NRF2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
38 Sulforaphane (mainly Broccoli)
25 Curcumin
21 Thymoquinone
17 Resveratrol
16 Quercetin
15 EGCG (Epigallocatechin Gallate)
13 Lycopene
13 Silymarin (Milk Thistle) silibinin
10 Alpha-Lipoic-Acid
10 Shikonin
9 Chemotherapy
9 Fisetin
8 Selenite (Sodium)
8 Ashwagandha(Withaferin A)
8 Baicalein
8 Selenium
8 Hydrogen Gas
8 Rosmarinic acid
7 Artemisinin
7 doxorubicin
7 Radiotherapy/Radiation
7 Boron
7 Carnosic acid
7 Chlorogenic acid
6 Beta-Caryophyllene
6 Honokiol
6 Luteolin
6 Propolis -bee glue
6 Piperlongumine
6 Pterostilbene
5 Silver-NanoParticles
5 Boswellia (frankincense)
5 Crocetin
4 Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
4 Allicin (mainly Garlic)
4 Apigenin (mainly Parsley)
4 Betulinic acid
4 Phenethyl isothiocyanate
4 Urolithin
3 Astaxanthin
3 Berberine
3 5-fluorouracil
3 xanthohumol
3 Capsaicin
3 Carvacrol
3 Centella asiatica / Gotu kola → asiaticoside
3 Chrysin
3 Cichoric acid / Chicoric acid
3 Magnetic Fields
3 Parthenolide
2 1,8-Cineole
2 Auranofin
2 Cisplatin
2 Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE)
2 Thymol-Thymus vulgaris
2 Cinnamon
2 Carvone
2 Cysteamine
2 Eugenol
2 Ferulic acid
2 Methylsulfonylmethane
2 Nimbolide
2 Selenium NanoParticles
2 Taurine
1 Andrographis
1 Baicalin
1 Berbamine
1 Biochanin A
1 Cannabidiol
1 Brucea javanica
1 brusatol
1 Butyrate
1 Catechins
1 Cynanbungeigenin C (CBC) and D (CBD)
1 Celastrol
1 chitosan
1 methotrexate
1 Calorie Restriction Mimetics
1 Cucurbitacin
1 diet Methionine-Restricted Diet
1 D-limonene
1 Dandelion Root
1 Emodin
1 Shilajit/Fulvic Acid
1 Ginkgo biloba
1 Geraniol
1 Ginseng
1 HydroxyCitric Acid
1 Hydroxycinnamic-acid
1 Magnolol
1 Melatonin
1 Methyl salicylate / Sweet Birch oil
1 Aspirin
1 Metformin
1 Oleuropein
1 HydroxyTyrosol
1 Piperine
1 irinotecan
1 acetazolamide
1 Salvia miltiorrhiza
1 Spermidine
1 erastin
1 Vitamin B1/Thiamine
1 Vitamin D3
1 Vitamin K2
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:226  State#:%  Dir#:2
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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