Cyt‑c Cancer Research Results

Cyt‑c, cyt-c Release into Cytosol: Click to Expand ⟱
Source:
Type:
Cytochrome c
** The term "release of cytochrome c" ** an increase in level for the cytosol.
Small hemeprotein found loosely associated with the inner membrane of the mitochondrion where it plays a critical role in cellular respiration. Cytochrome c is highly water-soluble, unlike other cytochromes. It is capable of undergoing oxidation and reduction as its iron atom converts between the ferrous and ferric forms, but does not bind oxygen. It also plays a major role in cell apoptosis.

The term "release of cytochrome c" refers to a critical step in the process of programmed cell death, also known as apoptosis.
In its new location—the cytosol—cytochrome c participates in the apoptotic signaling pathway by helping to form the apoptosome, which activates caspases that execute cell death.
Cytochrome c is a small protein normally located in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. Its primary role in healthy cells is to participate in the electron transport chain, a process that helps produce energy (ATP) through oxidative phosphorylation.
Mitochondrial outer membrane permeability leads to the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria into the cytosol.
The release of cytochrome c is a pivotal event in apoptosis where cytochrome c moves from the mitochondria to the cytosol, initiating a chain reaction that leads to programmed cell death.

On the one hand, cytochrome c can promote cancer cell survival and proliferation by regulating the activity of various signaling pathways, such as the PI3K/AKT pathway. This can lead to increased cell growth and resistance to apoptosis, which are hallmarks of cancer.
On the other hand, cytochrome c can also induce apoptosis in cancer cells by interacting with other proteins, such as Apaf-1 and caspase-9. This can lead to the activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, which can result in the death of cancer cells.
Overexpressed in Breast, Lung, Colon, and Prostrate.
Underexpressed in Ovarian, and Pancreatic.
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
5271- 3BP,    The anticancer agent 3-bromopyruvate: a simple but powerful molecule taken from the lab to the bedside
- Review, Var, NA
selectivity↑, selectivity↑, ATP↓, Glycolysis↓, HK2↓, mt-OXPHOS↓, GAPDH↓, mtDam↑, GSH↓, ROS↑, ER Stress↑, TumAuto↑, LC3‑Ⅱ/LC3‑Ⅰ↑, p62↓, Akt↓, HDAC↓, TumCA↑, Bcl-2↓, cMyc↓, Casp3↑, Cyt‑c↑, Mcl-1↓, PARP↓, ChemoSen↑,
5278- 3BP,    The effect of 3-bromopyruvate on human colorectal cancer cells is dependent on glucose concentration but not hexokinase II expression
- in-vitro, CRC, HCT116 - in-vitro, CRC, Caco-2 - in-vitro, CRC, SW48
ATP↓, TumCD↑, selectivity↑, toxicity↓, OS↑, HK2?, Cyt‑c↑, eff↑, p‑Akt↑,
5272- 3BP,    The efficacy of the anticancer 3-bromopyruvate is potentiated by antimycin and menadione by unbalancing mitochondrial ROS production and disposal in U118 glioblastoma cells
- in-vitro, GBM, U87MG - in-vitro, Nor, HEK293
Glycolysis↓, ROS↑, GPx↓, eff↓, OXPHOS↓, HK2↓, ATP↓, ROS↑, ER Stress↑, BioAv↓, Cyt‑c↑, eff↑,
5257- 3BP,    Tumor Energy Metabolism and Potential of 3-Bromopyruvate as an Inhibitor of Aerobic Glycolysis: Implications in Tumor Treatment
- Review, Var, NA
Glycolysis↓, mt-OXPHOS↓, HK2↓, Cyt‑c↑, Casp3↓, Bcl-2↓, Mcl-1↓, GAPDH↓, LDH↓, PDH↓, TCA↓, GlutaM↓, GSH↓, ATP↓, mitResp↓, ROS↑, ChemoSen↑, toxicity↝,
4774- 5-FU,  TQ,  CoQ10,    Exploring potential additive effects of 5-fluorouracil, thymoquinone, and coenzyme Q10 triple therapy on colon cancer cells in relation to glycolysis and redox status modulation
- in-vitro, CRC, NA
AntiCan↑, TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, eff↑, Bcl-2↓, survivin↓, P21↑, p27↑, BAX↑, Cyt‑c↑, Casp3↑, PI3K↓, Akt↓, mTOR↓, Hif1a↓, PTEN↑, AMPKα↑, PDH↑, LDHA↓, antiOx↓, ROS↑, AntiCan↑,
5434- AG,    Recent Advances in the Mechanisms and Applications of Astragalus Polysaccharides in Liver Cancer Treatment: An Overview
- Review, Liver, NA
AntiCan↑, Apoptosis↑, TumCP↓, EMT↓, Imm↑, ChemoSen↑, BioAv↓, TumCG↓, IL2↑, IL12↑, TNF-α↑, P-gp↓, MDR1↓, QoL↑, Casp↑, DNAdam↑, Bcl-2↓, BAX↑, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, NOTCH1↓, GSK‐3β↓, TumCCA↑, GSH↓, ROS↑, lipid-P↑, c-Iron↑, GPx4↓, ACSL4↑, Ferroptosis↑, Wnt↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, Akt↓, PI3K↓, mTOR↓, CXCR4↓, Vim↓, PD-L1↓, eff↑, eff↑, ChemoSen↑, ChemoSen↑, chemoP↑,
5238- AgNPs,    β-Sitosterol-assisted silver nanoparticles activates Nrf2 and triggers mitochondrial apoptosis via oxidative stress in human hepatocellular cancer cell line
- in-vitro, HCC, HepG2
TumCP↓, ROS↑, NRF2↑, BAX↑, P53↑, Cyt‑c↑, Casp9↑, Casp3↑, Bcl-2↓,
5977- AgNPs,  CDT,    Silver Nitroprusside as an Efficient Chemodynamic Therapeutic Agent and a Peroxynitrite nanogenerator for Targeted Cancer Therapy
- in-vivo, Ovarian, A2780S - NA, Ovarian, SKOV3
Fenton↑, ROS↑, eff↑, angioG↓, p‑Akt↓, EPR↑, selectivity↑, selectivity↑, eff↑, Cyt‑c↑, HO-1↑,
4417- AgNPs,    Caffeine-boosted silver nanoparticles target breast cancer cells by triggering oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptotic pathways
- in-vitro, BC, MDA-MB-231
ROS↑, MDA↑, COX2↑, IL1β↑, TNF-α↑, GSH↓, Cyt‑c↑, Casp3↑, BAX↑, Bcl-2↓, LDH↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, CDK2↓, TumCCA↑, mt-Apoptosis↑,
4415- AgNPs,  SDT,  CUR,    Examining the Impact of Sonodynamic Therapy With Ultrasound Wave in the Presence of Curcumin-Coated Silver Nanoparticles on the Apoptosis of MCF7 Breast Cancer Cells
- in-vitro, BC, MCF-7
tumCV↓, BAX↑, Casp3↑, Bcl-2↓, eff↑, ROS↑, sonoS↑, eff↑, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑,
4405- AgNPs,    Silver nanoparticles defeat p53-positive and p53-negative osteosarcoma cells by triggering mitochondrial stress and apoptosis
- in-vitro, OS, NA
Apoptosis↑, other↑, ROS↑, eff↑, P53↝, Apoptosis↑, cl‑Casp3↑, survivin↓, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑,
4557- AgNPs,    The apoptotic effect of nanosilver is mediated by a ROS- and JNK-dependent mechanism involving the mitochondrial pathway in NIH3T3 cells
- in-vitro, NA, NIH-3T3 - in-vitro, CRC, HCT116
Cyt‑c↑, ROS↑, JNK↑,
4549- AgNPs,    Silver nanoparticles: Synthesis, medical applications and biosafety
- Review, Var, NA - Review, Diabetic, NA
ROS↑, eff↑, other↝, DNAdam↑, EPR↑, eff↑, eff↑, TumMeta↓, angioG↓, *Bacteria↓, *eff↑, *AntiViral↑, *AntiFungal↑, eff↑, eff↑, TumCP↓, tumCV↓, P53↝, HIF-1↓, TumCCA↑, lipid-P↑, ATP↓, Cyt‑c↑, MMPs↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, *Wound Healing↑, *Inflam↓, *Bone Healing↑, *glucose↓, *AntiDiabetic↑, *BBB↑,
324- AgNPs,  CPT,    Silver Nanoparticles Potentiates Cytotoxicity and Apoptotic Potential of Camptothecin in Human Cervical Cancer Cells
- in-vitro, Cerv, HeLa
ROS↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, Casp6↑, GSH↓, SOD↓, GPx↓, MMP↓, P53↑, P21↑, Cyt‑c↑, BID↑, BAX↑, Bcl-2↓, Bcl-xL↓, Akt↓, Raf↓, ERK↓, MAP2K1/MEK1↓, JNK↑, p38↑,
306- AgNPs,    Cancer Therapy by Silver Nanoparticles: Fiction or Reality?
- Analysis, NA, NA
EPR↝, ROS↑, IL1↑, IL8↑, ER Stress↑, MMP9↑, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, Apoptosis↑, Hif1a↑, BBB↑, GutMicro↝, eff↑, eff↑, RadioS↑,
363- AgNPs,    Silver nanoparticles induce oxidative cell damage in human liver cells through inhibition of reduced glutathione and induction of mitochondria-involved apoptosis
ROS↑, lipid-P↑, Apoptosis↑, BAX↑, Bcl-2↓, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, JNK↑,
397- AgNPs,  GEM,    Silver nanoparticles enhance the apoptotic potential of gemcitabine in human ovarian cancer cells: combination therapy for effective cancer treatment
- in-vitro, Ovarian, A2780S
P53↑, P21↑, BAX↑, Bak↑, Cyt‑c↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, Bcl-2↓, ROS↑, MMP↓,
387- AgNPs,    Silver nanoparticles induce mitochondria-dependent apoptosis and late non-canonical autophagy in HT-29 colon cancer cells
- in-vitro, Colon, HT-29
Cyt‑c↑, P53↑, BAX↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, Casp12↑, Beclin-1↑, CHOP↑, LC3s↑, XBP-1↑,
388- AgNPs,    Apoptotic efficacy of multifaceted biosynthesized silver nanoparticles on human adenocarcinoma cells
- in-vitro, BC, MCF-7
ROS↑, Casp3↑, BAX↑, P53↑, Casp↑, Cyt‑c↑, MMP↓, DNAdam↑, Bcl-2↓, BAX↑,
2288- AgNPs,    Silver Nanoparticle-Mediated Cellular Responses in Various Cell Lines: An in Vitro Model
- Review, Var, NA
*ROS↑, Akt↓, ERK↓, DNAdam↑, Ca+2↑, ROS↑, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, TumCCA↑, DNAdam↑, Apoptosis↑, P53↑, p‑ERK↑, ER Stress↑, cl‑ATF6↑, GRP78/BiP↑, CHOP↑, UPR↑,
5341- Ajoene,    Ajoene (natural garlic compound): a new anti-leukaemia agent for AML therapy
- Review, AML, NA
eff↑, AntiThr↑, Bacteria↓, LDH↓, TumCP↓, TumCCA↑, Bcl-2↓, Cyt‑c↑, Casp3↑,
5356- AL,    Therapeutic role of allicin in gastrointestinal cancers: mechanisms and safety aspects
- Review, GC, NA
Apoptosis↑, TumCP↓, MAPK↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, NF-kB↓, AntiCan↑, ChemoSen↑, TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, BioAv↑, selectivity↑, TGF-β↓, ROS↑, DNAdam↑, p‑P53↑, P21↑, cycD1/CCND1↓, cycE/CCNE↓, CDK4↓, CDK6↓, MMP↓, NF-kB↑, BAX↑, Bcl-2↓, ER Stress↑, Casp↑, AIF↑, Fas↑, Casp8↑, Cyt‑c↑, cl‑PARP↑, Ca+2↑, *NRF2↑, *chemoP↑, *GutMicro↑, CycB/CCNB1↑, H2S↑, HIF-1↓, RadioS↑,
2655- AL,    Allicin and Digestive System Cancers: From Chemical Structure to Its Therapeutic Opportunities
- Review, GC, NA
TGF-β↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, cycE/CCNE↓, CDK1↓, DNAdam↑, ROS↑, BAX↑, JNK↑, MMP↓, p38↑, MAPK↑, Fas↑, Cyt‑c↑, Casp8↑, PARP↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, Ca+2↑, ER Stress↑, P21↑, CDK2↓, CDK6↑, TumCCA↑, CDK4↓,
2660- AL,    Allicin: A review of its important pharmacological activities
- Review, AD, NA - Review, Var, NA - Review, Park, NA - Review, Stroke, NA
*Inflam↓, AntiCan↑, *antiOx↑, *cardioP↑, *hepatoP↑, *BBB↑, *Half-Life↝, *H2S↑, *BP↓, *neuroP↑, *cognitive↑, *neuroP↑, *ROS↓, *GutMicro↑, *LDH↓, *ROS↓, *lipid-P↓, *antiOx↑, *other↑, *PI3K↓, *Akt↓, *NF-kB↓, *NO↓, *iNOS↓, *PGE2↓, *COX2↓, *IL6↓, *TNF-α↓, *MPO↓, *eff↑, *NRF2↑, *Keap1↓, *TBARS↓, *creat↓, *LDH↓, *AST↓, *ALAT↓, *MDA↓, *SOD↑, *GSH↑, *GSTs↑, *memory↑, chemoP↑, IL8↓, Cyt‑c↑, Casp3↑, Casp8↑, Casp9↑, Casp12↑, p38↑, Fas↑, P53↑, P21↑, CHK1↓, CycB/CCNB1↓, GSH↓, ROS↑, TumCCA↑, Hif1a↓, Bcl-2↓, VEGF↓, TumCMig↓, STAT3↓, VEGFR2↓, p‑FAK↓,
245- AL,    Allicin: a promising modulator of apoptosis and survival signaling in cancer
- Review, Var, NA
Fas↑, Bcl-2↓, BAX↑, PI3k/Akt/mTOR↝, Casp3↑, Casp8↑, Casp9↑, Apoptosis↓, *toxicity↓, Cyt‑c↑,
251- AL,    Inhibition of allicin in Eca109 and EC9706 cells via G2/M phase arrest and mitochondrial apoptosis pathway
- in-vitro, ESCC, Eca109 - in-vitro, ESCC, EC9706 - in-vivo, NA, NA
Apoptosis↑, P53↑, P21↑, CHK1↑, CycB/CCNB1↓, BAX↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, Cyt‑c↑,
254- AL,    Allicin and Cancer Hallmarks
- Review, Var, NA
NRF2⇅, BAX↑, Bcl-2↓, Fas↑, MMP↓, Bax:Bcl2↑, Cyt‑c↑, Casp3↑, Casp12↑, GSH↓, TumCCA↑, ROS↑, antiOx↓,
241- AL,    Role of p38 MAPK activation and mitochondrial cytochrome-c release in allicin-induced apoptosis in SK-N-SH cells
- in-vitro, neuroblastoma, SK-N-SH
Casp3↑, Casp9↑, p38↑, MAPK↑, Cyt‑c↑, Apoptosis↑,
239- AL,    Allicin induces apoptosis in gastric cancer cells through activation of both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways
- in-vitro, GC, SGC-7901
Apoptosis↑, Cyt‑c↑, Casp3↑, Casp8↑, Casp9↑, BAX↑, Fas↑, tumCV↓, DNAdam↑, ROS↑, Telomerase↓,
259- ALA,    Increased ROS generation and p53 activation in alpha-lipoic acid-induced apoptosis of hepatoma cells
- in-vitro, Liver, HepG2 - in-vitro, Liver, FaO
Cyc↓, P21↑, ROS↑, p‑P53↑, BAX↑, Cyt‑c↑, Casp↑, survivin↓, JNK↑, Akt↓,
1253- aLinA,    The Antitumor Effects of α-Linolenic Acid
- Review, NA, NA
PPARγ↑, COX2↓, E6↓, E7↓, P53↑, p‑ERK↓, p38↓, lipid-P↑, ROS⇅, MPT↑, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, Casp↑, iNOS↓, NO↓, Casp3↑, Bcl-2↓, Hif1a↓, FASN↓, CRP↓, IL6↓, IL1β↓, IFN-γ↓, TNF-α↓, Twist↓, VEGF↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓,
1078- And,    Andrographolide inhibits breast cancer through suppressing COX-2 expression and angiogenesis via inactivation of p300 signaling and VEGF pathway
- in-vitro, BC, MDA-MB-231 - in-vitro, Nor, HUVECs - in-vivo, BC, MCF-7 - in-vitro, BC, T47D - in-vitro, BC, BT549 - in-vitro, BC, MDA-MB-361
TumCP↓, COX2↓, *angioG↓, Cyt‑c↑, CREB2↓, cFos↓, NF-kB↓, HATs↓, cl‑Casp3↑, cl‑Casp9↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, Apoptosis↑, *toxicity↓,
1301- Api,    Bcl-2 inhibitor and apigenin worked synergistically in human malignant neuroblastoma cell lines and increased apoptosis with activation of extrinsic and intrinsic pathways
- in-vitro, neuroblastoma, NA
BAX↑, Bcl-2↓, Cyt‑c↑, cal2↑, Casp3↑,
1547- Api,    Apigenin: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential against Cancer Spreading
- Review, NA, NA
angioG↓, EMT↓, CSCs↓, TumCCA↑, Dose∅, ROS↑, MMP↓, Catalase↓, GSH↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, NF-kB↓, OCT4↓, Nanog↓, SIRT3↓, SIRT6↓, eff↑, eff↑, Cyt‑c↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, p‑GSK‐3β↓, FOXO3↑, p‑STAT3↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, COX2↓, MMPs↓, NRF2↓, HDAC↓, Telomerase↓, eff↑, eff↑, eff↑, eff↑, eff↑, XIAP↓, survivin↓, CK2↓, HSP90↓, Hif1a↓, FAK↓, EMT↓,
1565- Api,    Apigenin-7-glucoside induces apoptosis and ROS accumulation in lung cancer cells, and inhibits PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway
- in-vitro, Lung, A549 - in-vitro, Nor, BEAS-2B - in-vitro, Lung, H1975
TumCP↓, Apoptosis↑, TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, Cyt‑c↑, MDA↑, GSH↓, ROS↑, PI3K↓, Akt↓, mTOR↓,
1560- Api,    Apigenin as an anticancer agent
- Review, NA, NA
Apoptosis↑, Casp3∅, Casp8∅, TNF-α∅, Cyt‑c↑, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, Snail↓, Slug↓, NF-kB↓, p50↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, p‑Akt↓,
1564- Api,    Apigenin-induced prostate cancer cell death is initiated by reactive oxygen species and p53 activation
- in-vitro, Pca, 22Rv1 - in-vivo, NA, NA
MDM2↓, NF-kB↓, p65↓, P21↑, ROS↑, GSH↓, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, Apoptosis↑, P53↑, eff↓, Bcl-xL↓, Bcl-2↓, BAX↑, Casp↑, TumCG↓, TumVol↓, TumW↓,
1563- Api,  MET,    Metformin-induced ROS upregulation as amplified by apigenin causes profound anticancer activity while sparing normal cells
- in-vitro, Nor, HDFa - in-vitro, PC, AsPC-1 - in-vitro, PC, MIA PaCa-2 - in-vitro, Pca, DU145 - in-vitro, Pca, LNCaP - in-vivo, NA, NA
selectivity↑, selectivity↑, selectivity↓, ROS↑, eff↑, tumCV↓, MMP↓, Dose∅, eff↓, DNAdam↑, Apoptosis↑, TumAuto↑, Necroptosis↑, p‑P53↑, BIM↑, BAX↑, p‑PARP↑, Casp3↑, Casp8↑, Casp9↑, Cyt‑c↑, Bcl-2↓, AIF↑, p62↑, LC3B↑, MLKL↑, p‑MLKL↓, RIP3↑, p‑RIP3↑, TumCG↑, TumW↓,
2632- Api,    Apigenin inhibits migration and induces apoptosis of human endometrial carcinoma Ishikawa cells via PI3K-AKT-GSK-3β pathway and endoplasmic reticulum stress
- in-vitro, EC, NA
TumCP↓, TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, Bcl-2↓, BAX↑, Bak↑, Casp↑, ER Stress↑, Ca+2↑, ATF4↑, CHOP↑, ROS↑, MMP↓, TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, eff↑, P53↑, P21↑, Cyt‑c↑, Casp9↑, Casp3↑, Bcl-xL↓,
2633- Api,    Apigenin induces ROS-dependent apoptosis and ER stress in human endometriosis cells
- in-vitro, EC, NA
TumCP↓, TumCCA↑, MMP↓, Ca+2↑, BAX↑, Cyt‑c↑, ROS↑, lipid-P↑, ER Stress↑, UPR↑, p‑ERK↓, ERK↓, JNK↑,
2634- Api,    Apigenin induces both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis in human colon carcinoma HCT-116 cells
- in-vitro, CRC, HCT116
TumCG↓, TumCCA↑, MMP↓, ROS↑, Ca+2↑, ER Stress↑, mtDam↑, CHOP↑, DR5↑, cl‑BID↑, BAX↑, Cyt‑c↑, cl‑Casp3↑, cl‑Casp8↑, cl‑Casp9↑, Apoptosis↑,
2639- Api,    Plant flavone apigenin: An emerging anticancer agent
- Review, Var, NA
*antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, AntiCan↑, ChemoSen↑, BioEnh↑, chemoPv↑, IL6↓, STAT3↓, NF-kB↓, IL8↓, eff↝, Akt↓, PI3K↓, HER2/EBBR2↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, CycD3↓, p27↑, FOXO3↑, STAT3↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, VEGF↓, Twist↓, MMP↓, ROS↑, NADPH↑, NRF2↓, SOD↓, COX2↓, p38↑, Telomerase↓, HDAC↓, HDAC1↓, HDAC3↓, Hif1a↓, angioG↓, uPA↓, Ca+2↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, Cyt‑c↑, Casp9↑, Casp12↑, Casp3↑, cl‑PARP↑, E-cadherin↑, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, cMyc↓, CDK4↓, CDK2↓, CDK6↓, IGF-1↓, CK2↓, CSCs↓, FAK↓, Gli↓, GLUT1↓,
2640- Api,    Apigenin: A Promising Molecule for Cancer Prevention
- Review, Var, NA
chemoPv↑, ITGB4↓, TumCI↓, TumMeta↓, Akt↓, ERK↓, p‑JNK↓, *Inflam↓, *PKCδ↓, *MAPK↓, EGFR↓, CK2↓, TumCCA↑, CDK1↓, P53↓, P21↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, Cyt‑c↑, APAF1↑, Casp↑, cl‑PARP↑, VEGF↓, Hif1a↓, IGF-1↓, IGFBP3↑, E-cadherin↑, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, HSPs↓, Telomerase↓, FASN↓, MMPs↓, HER2/EBBR2↓, CK2↓, eff↑, AntiAg↑, eff↑, FAK↓, ROS↑, Bcl-2↓, Cyt‑c↑, cl‑Casp3↑, cl‑Casp7↑, cl‑Casp8↑, cl‑Casp9↑, cl‑IAP2↑, AR↓, PSA↓, p‑pRB↓, p‑GSK‐3β↓, CDK4↓, ChemoSen↑, Ca+2↑, cal2↑,
3382- ART/DHA,    Repurposing Artemisinin and its Derivatives as Anticancer Drugs: A Chance or Challenge?
- Review, Var, NA
AntiCan↑, toxicity↑, Ferroptosis↑, ROS↑, TumCCA↑, BioAv↝, eff↝, Half-Life↓, Ferritin↓, GPx4↓, NADPH↓, GSH↓, BAX↑, Cyt‑c↑, cl‑Casp3↑, VEGF↓, IL8↓, COX2↓, MMP9↓, E-cadherin↑, MMP2↓, NF-kB↓, p16↑, CDK4↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, p62↓, LC3II↑, EMT↓, CSCs↓, Wnt↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, uPA↓, TumAuto↑, angioG↓, ChemoSen↑,
3383- ART/DHA,    Dihydroartemisinin: A Potential Natural Anticancer Drug
- Review, Var, NA
TumCP↓, Apoptosis↑, TumMeta↓, angioG↓, TumAuto↑, ER Stress↑, ROS↑, Ca+2↑, p38↑, HSP70/HSPA5↓, PPARγ↑, GLUT1↓, Glycolysis↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, Hif1a↓, PKM2↓, lactateProd↓, GlucoseCon↓, EMT↓, Slug↓, Zeb1↓, ZEB2↓, Twist↓, Snail?, CAFs/TAFs↓, TGF-β↓, p‑STAT3↓, M2 MC↓, uPA↓, HH↓, AXL↓, VEGFR2↓, JNK↑, Beclin-1↑, GRP78/BiP↑, eff↑, eff↑, eff↑, eff↑, eff↑, eff↑, IL4↓, DR5↑, Cyt‑c↑, Fas↑, FADD↑, cl‑PARP↑, cycE/CCNE↓, CDK2↓, CDK4↓, Mcl-1↓, Ki-67↓, Bcl-2↓, CDK6↓, VEGF↓, COX2↓, MMP9↓,
5133- ART/DHA,    Dihydroartemisinin Exerts Anti-Tumor Activity by Inducing Mitochondrion and Endoplasmic Reticulum Apoptosis and Autophagic Cell Death in Human Glioblastoma Cells
- in-vitro, GBM, U87MG - in-vitro, GBM, U251
AntiTum↑, tumCV↓, Apoptosis↓, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, Casp9↑, CHOP↑, GRP78/BiP↑, eIF2α↑, Casp12↑, ER Stress↑, TumAuto↑, ROS↑,
5130- ART/DHA,    Dihydroartemisinin Induces Apoptosis in Human Bladder Cancer Cell Lines Through Reactive Oxygen Species, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential, and Cytochrome C Pathway
- in-vitro, Bladder, T24/HTB-9
tumCV↓, eff↓, Apoptosis↑, Casp3↑, ROS↑, Cyt‑c↑, MMP↓, Bcl-2↓, BAX↑, MOMP↑, TumCG↓,
566- ART/DHA,  2DG,    Dihydroartemisinin inhibits glucose uptake and cooperates with glycolysis inhibitor to induce apoptosis in non-small cell lung carcinoma cells
- in-vitro, Lung, A549 - in-vitro, Lung, PC9
GlucoseCon↓, ATP↓, lactateProd↓, p‑S6↓, mTOR↓, GLUT1↓, Casp9↑, Casp8↑, Casp3↑, Cyt‑c↑, AIF↑, ROS↑,
3176- Ash,    Apoptosis is induced in leishmanial cells by a novel protein kinase inhibitor withaferin A and is facilitated by apoptotic topoisomerase I-DNA complex
- in-vitro, NA, NA
PKCδ↓, TOP1∅, ROS↑, GSH↓, DNAdam↑, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑,
3160- Ash,    Withaferin A: A Pleiotropic Anticancer Agent from the Indian Medicinal Plant Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal
- Review, Var, NA
TumCCA↑, H3↑, P21↑, cycA1/CCNA1↓, CycB/CCNB1↓, cycE/CCNE↓, CDC2↓, CHK1↓, Chk2↓, p38↑, MAPK↑, E6↓, E7↓, P53↑, Akt↓, FOXO3↑, ROS↑, γH2AX↑, MMP↓, mitResp↓, eff↑, TumCD↑, Mcl-1↓, ER Stress↑, ATF4↑, ATF3↑, CHOP↑, NOTCH↓, NF-kB↓, Bcl-2↓, STAT3↓, CDK1↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, N-cadherin↓, EMT↓, Cyt‑c↑, eff↑, CDK4↓, p‑RB1↓, PARP↑, cl‑Casp3↑, cl‑Casp9↑, NRF2↑, ER-α36↓, LDHA↓, lipid-P↑, AP-1↓, COX2↓, RenoP↑, PDGFR-BB↓, SIRT3↑, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, NADPH↑, NQO1↑, GSR↑, HO-1↑, *SOD2↑, *Prx↑, *Casp3?, eff↑, Snail↓, Slug↓, Vim↓, CSCs↓, HEY1↓, MMPs↓, VEGF↓, uPA↓, *toxicity↓, CDK2↓, CDK4↓, HSP90↓,

Showing Research Papers: 1 to 50 of 296
Page 1 of 6 Next

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 296

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

antiOx↓, 2,   ATF3↑, 1,   Catalase↓, 1,   Fenton↑, 1,   Ferroptosis↑, 2,   GPx↓, 2,   GPx4↓, 2,   GSH↓, 12,   GSR↑, 1,   HO-1↑, 2,   c-Iron↑, 1,   lipid-P↑, 6,   MDA↑, 2,   NQO1↑, 1,   NRF2↓, 2,   NRF2↑, 2,   NRF2⇅, 1,   OXPHOS↓, 1,   mt-OXPHOS↓, 2,   ROS↑, 41,   ROS⇅, 1,   SIRT3↓, 1,   SIRT3↑, 1,   SOD↓, 2,  

Metal & Cofactor Biology ⓘ

Ferritin↓, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

AIF↑, 3,   ATP↓, 6,   CDC2↓, 1,   mitResp↓, 2,   MMP↓, 24,   MPT↑, 1,   mtDam↑, 2,   Raf↓, 1,   XIAP↓, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

ACSL4↑, 1,   cMyc↓, 2,   FASN↓, 2,   GAPDH↓, 2,   GlucoseCon↓, 2,   GlutaM↓, 1,   Glycolysis↓, 4,   H2S↑, 1,   HK2?, 1,   HK2↓, 3,   lactateProd↓, 2,   LDH↓, 3,   LDHA↓, 2,   NADPH↓, 1,   NADPH↑, 2,   PDH↓, 1,   PDH↑, 1,   PI3k/Akt/mTOR↝, 1,   PKM2↓, 1,   PPARγ↑, 2,   p‑S6↓, 1,   TCA↓, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Akt↓, 15,   p‑Akt↓, 2,   p‑Akt↑, 1,   APAF1↑, 1,   Apoptosis↓, 2,   Apoptosis↑, 21,   mt-Apoptosis↑, 1,   Bak↑, 2,   BAX↑, 26,   Bax:Bcl2↑, 5,   Bcl-2↓, 25,   Bcl-xL↓, 3,   BID↑, 1,   cl‑BID↑, 1,   BIM↑, 1,   Casp↑, 8,   Casp12↑, 5,   Casp3↓, 1,   Casp3↑, 25,   Casp3∅, 1,   cl‑Casp3↑, 6,   Casp6↑, 1,   cl‑Casp7↑, 1,   Casp8↑, 7,   Casp8∅, 1,   cl‑Casp8↑, 2,   Casp9↑, 16,   cl‑Casp9↑, 4,   Chk2↓, 1,   CK2↓, 4,   Cyt‑c↑, 51,   DR5↑, 2,   FADD↑, 1,   Fas↑, 7,   Ferroptosis↑, 2,   HEY1↓, 1,   cl‑IAP2↑, 1,   iNOS↓, 1,   JNK↑, 7,   p‑JNK↓, 1,   MAPK↓, 1,   MAPK↑, 3,   Mcl-1↓, 4,   MDM2↓, 1,   MLKL↑, 1,   p‑MLKL↓, 1,   MOMP↑, 1,   Necroptosis↑, 1,   p27↑, 2,   p38↓, 1,   p38↑, 7,   survivin↓, 4,   Telomerase↓, 4,   TumCD↑, 2,  

Kinase & Signal Transduction ⓘ

AMPKα↑, 1,   HER2/EBBR2↓, 2,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

AntiThr↑, 1,   H3↑, 1,   HATs↓, 1,   other↑, 1,   other↝, 1,   p‑pRB↓, 1,   sonoS↑, 1,   tumCV↓, 6,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

cl‑ATF6↑, 1,   CHOP↑, 6,   eIF2α↑, 1,   ER Stress↑, 12,   GRP78/BiP↑, 3,   HSP70/HSPA5↓, 1,   HSP90↓, 2,   HSPs↓, 1,   UPR↑, 2,   XBP-1↑, 1,  

Autophagy & Lysosomes ⓘ

Beclin-1↑, 2,   LC3‑Ⅱ/LC3‑Ⅰ↑, 1,   LC3B↑, 1,   LC3II↑, 1,   LC3s↑, 1,   p62↓, 2,   p62↑, 1,   TumAuto↑, 5,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

CHK1↓, 2,   CHK1↑, 1,   DNAdam↑, 10,   p16↑, 1,   P53↓, 1,   P53↑, 12,   P53↝, 2,   p‑P53↑, 3,   PARP↓, 1,   PARP↑, 2,   p‑PARP↑, 1,   cl‑PARP↑, 4,   SIRT6↓, 1,   γH2AX↑, 1,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ

CDK1↓, 3,   CDK2↓, 5,   CDK4↓, 8,   Cyc↓, 1,   cycA1/CCNA1↓, 1,   CycB/CCNB1↓, 3,   CycB/CCNB1↑, 1,   cycD1/CCND1↓, 6,   CycD3↓, 1,   cycE/CCNE↓, 4,   P21↑, 12,   p‑RB1↓, 1,   TumCCA↑, 17,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

cFos↓, 1,   CREB2↓, 1,   CSCs↓, 4,   EMT↓, 6,   ERK↓, 4,   p‑ERK↓, 2,   p‑ERK↑, 1,   FOXO3↑, 3,   Gli↓, 1,   GSK‐3β↓, 1,   p‑GSK‐3β↓, 2,   HDAC↓, 3,   HDAC1↓, 1,   HDAC3↓, 1,   HH↓, 1,   IGF-1↓, 2,   IGFBP3↑, 1,   MAP2K1/MEK1↓, 1,   mTOR↓, 4,   Nanog↓, 1,   NOTCH↓, 1,   NOTCH1↓, 1,   OCT4↓, 1,   PI3K↓, 9,   PTEN↑, 1,   STAT3↓, 4,   p‑STAT3↓, 2,   TOP1∅, 1,   TumCG↓, 4,   TumCG↑, 1,   Wnt↓, 2,  

Migration ⓘ

AntiAg↑, 1,   AP-1↓, 1,   AXL↓, 1,   Ca+2↑, 9,   CAFs/TAFs↓, 1,   cal2↑, 2,   E-cadherin↑, 3,   ER-α36↓, 1,   FAK↓, 3,   p‑FAK↓, 1,   ITGB4↓, 1,   Ki-67↓, 1,   MMP2↓, 6,   MMP9↓, 7,   MMP9↑, 1,   MMPs↓, 4,   N-cadherin↓, 1,   PKCδ↓, 1,   RIP3↑, 1,   p‑RIP3↑, 1,   Slug↓, 3,   Snail?, 1,   Snail↓, 2,   TGF-β↓, 3,   TumCA↑, 1,   TumCI↓, 3,   TumCMig↓, 3,   TumCP↓, 10,   TumMeta↓, 3,   Twist↓, 3,   uPA↓, 4,   Vim↓, 2,   Zeb1↓, 1,   ZEB2↓, 1,   β-catenin/ZEB1↓, 5,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

angioG↓, 6,   ATF4↑, 2,   EGFR↓, 1,   EPR↑, 2,   EPR↝, 1,   HIF-1↓, 2,   Hif1a↓, 7,   Hif1a↑, 1,   NO↓, 1,   PDGFR-BB↓, 1,   VEGF↓, 7,   VEGFR2↓, 2,  

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

BBB↑, 1,   GLUT1↓, 3,   P-gp↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

COX2↓, 7,   COX2↑, 1,   CRP↓, 1,   CXCR4↓, 1,   IFN-γ↓, 1,   IL1↑, 1,   IL12↑, 1,   IL1β↓, 1,   IL1β↑, 1,   IL2↑, 1,   IL4↓, 1,   IL6↓, 2,   IL8↓, 3,   IL8↑, 1,   Imm↑, 1,   M2 MC↓, 1,   NF-kB↓, 8,   NF-kB↑, 1,   p50↓, 1,   p65↓, 1,   PD-L1↓, 1,   PSA↓, 1,   TNF-α↓, 1,   TNF-α↑, 2,   TNF-α∅, 1,  

Hormonal & Nuclear Receptors ⓘ

AR↓, 1,   CDK6↓, 3,   CDK6↑, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↓, 2,   BioAv↑, 1,   BioAv↝, 1,   BioEnh↑, 1,   ChemoSen↑, 9,   Dose∅, 2,   eff↓, 4,   eff↑, 38,   eff↝, 2,   Half-Life↓, 1,   MDR1↓, 1,   RadioS↑, 2,   selectivity↓, 1,   selectivity↑, 8,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

AR↓, 1,   CRP↓, 1,   E6↓, 2,   E7↓, 2,   EGFR↓, 1,   Ferritin↓, 1,   GutMicro↝, 1,   HER2/EBBR2↓, 2,   IL6↓, 2,   Ki-67↓, 1,   LDH↓, 3,   PD-L1↓, 1,   PSA↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 7,   AntiTum↑, 1,   chemoP↑, 2,   chemoPv↑, 2,   OS↑, 1,   QoL↑, 1,   RenoP↑, 1,   toxicity↓, 1,   toxicity↑, 1,   toxicity↝, 1,   TumVol↓, 1,   TumW↓, 2,  

Infection & Microbiome ⓘ

Bacteria↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 314

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

antiOx↑, 3,   GSH↑, 1,   GSTs↑, 1,   Keap1↓, 1,   lipid-P↓, 1,   MDA↓, 1,   MPO↓, 1,   NRF2↑, 2,   Prx↑, 1,   ROS↓, 2,   ROS↑, 1,   SOD↑, 1,   SOD2↑, 1,   TBARS↓, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

ALAT↓, 1,   glucose↓, 1,   H2S↑, 1,   LDH↓, 2,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Akt↓, 1,   Casp3?, 1,   iNOS↓, 1,   MAPK↓, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

other↑, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

PI3K↓, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

PKCδ↓, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

angioG↓, 1,   NO↓, 1,  

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

BBB↑, 2,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

COX2↓, 1,   IL6↓, 1,   Inflam↓, 4,   NF-kB↓, 1,   PGE2↓, 1,   TNF-α↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

eff↑, 2,   Half-Life↝, 1,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

ALAT↓, 1,   AST↓, 1,   BP↓, 1,   creat↓, 1,   GutMicro↑, 2,   IL6↓, 1,   LDH↓, 2,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiDiabetic↑, 1,   Bone Healing↑, 1,   cardioP↑, 1,   chemoP↑, 1,   cognitive↑, 1,   hepatoP↑, 1,   memory↑, 1,   neuroP↑, 2,   toxicity↓, 3,   Wound Healing↑, 1,  

Infection & Microbiome ⓘ

AntiFungal↑, 1,   AntiViral↑, 1,   Bacteria↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 56

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: Cyt‑c, cyt-c Release into Cytosol
16 Betulinic acid
14 Silver-NanoParticles
13 Fisetin
12 Apigenin (mainly Parsley)
12 Baicalein
12 Quercetin
12 Sulforaphane (mainly Broccoli)
11 Thymoquinone
10 Curcumin
10 Berberine
9 Capsaicin
8 Allicin (mainly Garlic)
8 Carvacrol
8 Phenethyl isothiocyanate
6 Chrysin
6 Emodin
6 Juglone
6 Magnetic Fields
5 Artemisinin
5 Honokiol
5 Luteolin
5 Silymarin (Milk Thistle) silibinin
5 Vitamin K2
4 3-bromopyruvate
4 Boswellia (frankincense)
4 Thymol-Thymus vulgaris
4 EGCG (Epigallocatechin Gallate)
4 Gambogic Acid
4 Graviola
4 Magnolol
4 Resveratrol
4 Shikonin
4 Selenite (Sodium)
3 Ashwagandha(Withaferin A)
3 Photodynamic Therapy
3 Ellagic acid
3 Garcinol
3 Magnetic Field Rotating
3 Propolis -bee glue
3 Spermidine
2 Chemotherapy
2 Dichloroacetate
2 salinomycin
2 Electrical Pulses
2 Hyperthermia
2 Lycopene
2 Piperlongumine
2 Plumbagin
2 Rosmarinic acid
2 Aflavin-3,3′-digallate
1 5-fluorouracil
1 Coenzyme Q10
1 Astragalus
1 chemodynamic therapy
1 SonoDynamic Therapy UltraSound
1 Camptothecin
1 Gemcitabine (Gemzar)
1 Ajoene (compound of Garlic)
1 Alpha-Lipoic-Acid
1 alpha Linolenic acid
1 Andrographis
1 Metformin
1 2-DeoxyGlucose
1 Biochanin A
1 Butyrate
1 Cat’s Claw
1 Celastrol
1 Chlorophyllin
1 Citric Acid
1 Copper and Cu NanoParticles
1 Cisplatin
1 Fenbendazole
1 Shilajit/Fulvic Acid
1 Gallic acid
1 Hydroxycinnamic-acid
1 Baicalin
1 HydroxyTyrosol
1 Iron
1 Methylglyoxal
1 Nimbolide
1 Phenylbutyrate
1 Piperine
1 Pterostilbene
1 Paclitaxel
1 Kaempferol
1 Selenium
1 chitosan
1 Selenium NanoParticles
1 Docetaxel
1 Osimertinib
1 Adagrasib
1 Radiotherapy/Radiation
1 Taurine
1 Ursolic acid
1 Urolithin
1 Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
1 Vitamin D3
1 VitK3,menadione
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:77  State#:%  Dir#:2
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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