EP4 Cancer Research Results

EP4, Prostaglandin E2 receptor 4: Click to Expand ⟱
Source:
Type:
Also known as PTGER4
EP4 (Prostaglandin E2 receptor 4) - Inflammation-Driven Growth, Immune Suppression, and Metastasis
-is a receptor that plays a role in various cellular processes, including inflammation and cell growth. In cancer, EP4 has been implicated in tumor development and progression.

Overexpressed in: Colorectal, Breast, Lung, Prostate, Ovarian, GBM cancers(with poor prognosis).
Underexpressed in: Some types of renal cell carcinoma (correlated with improved overall survival).

EP4 appears to play a tumorigenic role in various types of cancer, and its expression levels can be used as a prognostic marker to predict patient outcomes.
Core Pro-Tumor Mechanisms
a. Proliferation and Survival
EP4 activation:
-Elevates cAMP/PKA and PI3K–AKT signaling
-Promotes cell survival and resistance to stress
-Cooperates with growth-factor pathways
b. Invasion and Metastasis
-EP4 enhances:
-EMT programs
-Cell migration and invasion
-Matrix remodeling and metastatic seeding
c. Angiogenesis
EP4 signaling increases:
-VEGF expression
-Endothelial migration and vessel formation
-Tumor perfusion


Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
3054- RES,    Resveratrol induced reactive oxygen species and endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest in the A375SM malignant melanoma cell line
- in-vitro, Melanoma, A375
TumCG↓, Treating A375SM cells with resveratrol resulted in a decrease in cell growth.
P21↑, resveratrol was observed to increase the gene expression levels of p21 and p27, as well as decrease the gene expression of cyclin B.
p27↑,
CycB/CCNB1↓,
ROS↑, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress were confirmed at the cellular and protein levels
ER Stress↑,
p‑p38↑, Resveratrol induced the ROS-p38-p53 pathway by increasing the gene expression of phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase
P53↑, while it induced the p53 and ER stress pathway by increasing the gene expression levels of phosphorylated eukaryotic initiation factor 2α and C/EBP homologous protein.
p‑eIF2α↑,
EP4↑,
CHOP↑,
Bcl-2↓, downregulating B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) expression and upregulating Bcl-2-associated X protein expression
BAX↓,
TumCCA↑, Resveratrol induced cell cycle arrest of melanoma cell line
NRF2↓, the decrease in Nrf2 expression caused by resveratrol may prevent the development of such resistance and thereby increase the sensitivity of melanoma cells to chemotherapy.
ChemoSen↑,
GSH↓, (GSH/GSSG) ratio was not measured, it can easily be assumed that the increased ROS generation by resveratrol reduced the GSH/GSSG ratio compared with the control


Showing Research Papers: 1 to 1 of 1

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 1

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

GSH↓, 1,   NRF2↓, 1,   ROS↑, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

BAX↓, 1,   Bcl-2↓, 1,   p27↑, 1,   p‑p38↑, 1,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

CHOP↑, 1,   p‑eIF2α↑, 1,   ER Stress↑, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

P53↑, 1,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ

CycB/CCNB1↓, 1,   P21↑, 1,   TumCCA↑, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

EP4↑, 1,   TumCG↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

ChemoSen↑, 1,  
Total Targets: 17

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Total Targets: 0

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: EP4, Prostaglandin E2 receptor 4
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:970  State#:%  Dir#:2
  wNotes=on  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

Home Page