EPR Cancer Research Results

EPR, enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect: Click to Expand ⟱
Source:
Type:
Passive accumulation (in cells) is based on the unique architecture of the tumor tissue, where neo-angiogenesis leads to an atypical endothelial layer and to fenestrated vasculature, which together with the impaired lymphatic drainage guides the penetration and accumulation of nano-sized materials within the cancerous tissues.
Exploited for drug design in the nanomedicine field.
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
306- AgNPs,    Cancer Therapy by Silver Nanoparticles: Fiction or Reality?
- Analysis, NA, NA
EPR↝, takes advantage of EPR
ROS↑, silver ions drive the formation of ROS, which triggers massive oxidative stress, thereby activating the cellular pathways leading to cell death
IL1↑, IL-1b
IL8↑, IL-8 mRNA levels
ER Stress↑,
MMP9↑, it has been shown that 20 nm AgNPs increase the MMP-9 secretion
MMP↓, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial structural disorganization, were reported to accompany the AgNP-induced stres
Cyt‑c↑, cytochrome c release from the mitochondria into the cytoplasm and finally to apoptosis
Apoptosis↑,
Hif1a↑, AgNPs were shown to induce HiF-1α activation, thereby ultimately activating autophagy through the AMPK-mTOR pathway in PC-3 prostate cancer cells [89
BBB↑, AgNPs can affect the integrity of the blood–brain barrier and can cross this barrier in vitro through transcytosis
GutMicro↝, AgNP treatments might influence the composition of the gut microbiota,
eff↑, AgNPs are promising tools for targeted delivery
eff↑, the joint application of the nanoparticles and the HDAC inhibitor caused significantly increased ROS levels,
RadioS↑, idea to use AgNPs as radiosensitizers came along with the phenomenon that metals with high atomic numbers are capable of enhancing the effects of radiation

7687- iod,  ESWT,    Shock Wave Application Increases the Antineoplastic Effect of Molecular Iodine Supplement in Breast Cancer Xenografts
- in-vivo, BC, MDA-MB-231
antiNeop↑, moderate (SW35/21.7) and low (SW35/9.9) doses of shock waves had significant antineoplastic effects and, in combination with iodine supplement, attenuated the aggressiveness of these cells by decreasing expression of the markers of stem cells (CD44 a
CSCsMark↓,
CD44↓, decreasing expression of the markers of stem cells (CD44 and Sox2) and invasion (HIF and VEGF).
SOX2↓,
HIF-1↓,
VEGF↓,
Dose↝, All animals received de-ionized water to drink, and the iodine groups were supplemented with a solution of 0.0025% I 2 (»150-180 ug/d per animal).
Dose↝, sudden and simultaneous expansion of 3000 piezoelectric elements mounted on a hemispherical aluminum backing excited by a high-voltage pulse.
EPR↝, To determine if shock waves increase the uptake of I 2 , the intratumor content of this halogen was quantified in tumor samples.
PPARγ↑, PPARg protein exhibited a significant increase only in tumors of mice treated with the I 2 supplement


Showing Research Papers: 1 to 2 of 2

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 2

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress(tgid=1) ⓘ

ROS↑, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics(tgid=3) ⓘ

MMP↓, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis(tgid=4) ⓘ

PPARγ↑, 1,  

Cell Death(tgid=5) ⓘ

Apoptosis↑, 1,   Cyt‑c↑, 1,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress(tgid=8) ⓘ

ER Stress↑, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State(tgid=12) ⓘ

CD44↓, 1,   CSCsMark↓, 1,   SOX2↓, 1,  

Migration(tgid=13) ⓘ

MMP9↑, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature(tgid=14) ⓘ

EPR↝, 2,   HIF-1↓, 1,   Hif1a↑, 1,   VEGF↓, 1,  

Barriers & Transport(tgid=15) ⓘ

BBB↑, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling(tgid=16) ⓘ

IL1↑, 1,   IL8↑, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance(tgid=21) ⓘ

Dose↝, 2,   eff↑, 2,   RadioS↑, 1,  

Clinical Biomarkers(tgid=22) ⓘ

GutMicro↝, 1,  

Functional Outcomes(tgid=23) ⓘ

antiNeop↑, 1,  
Total Targets: 22

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Total Targets: 0

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: EPR, enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:612  State#:%  Dir#:4
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