Risk Cancer Research Results

Risk, Risk: Click to Expand ⟱
Source:
Type:
Risk: by definition reduces risk of disease or cancer.
Down Target direction of risk indicates lower cancer risk.
ChemoPreventive also mean lower cancer risk. But for Chemopreventive an up arrow indicates more preventive. 
Cancer Risk Impact Score (CRIS)
CRIS scale:
–5 = very strong risk reduction
–4 = strong risk reduction
–3 = moderate risk reduction
–2 = modest risk reduction
–1 = weak / context-dependent
0 = neutral




CRIS Exposure / Compound Evidence Cancers Notes




-5 Exercise (overall)
VStrong Hum BC, CRC, Endo, PCa, Liv






-5 Aerobic + resistance VStrong Hum Broad inc + mort






-4 Aerobic exercise (mod–vig) VStrong Hum BC, CRC, Endo






-4 Resistance training (alone) Strong Hum BC, CRC






-3 High-intensity interval training Mod–Strong Hum BC, CRC






-2 NEAT / low-intensity activity Moderate Hum CRC






-5 Cruciferous vegetable pattern Strong Hum Lung, CRC, BC, PCa






-5 Sunlight exposure (physiologic) Strong Hum CRC, BC, PCa






-4 Fasting (metabolic pattern)
Strong Mech + Hum BC, CRC, PCa 






-4 Curcumin
Hum + Pre GI, BC, PCa






-4 Sulforaphane
Hum + Pre Lung, CRC, BC






-4 PEITC
Hum + Pre Lung, CRC, PCa






-4 EGCG (tea matrix)
Strong Hum GI, PCa, BC






-4 Lycopene
Strong Hum PCa






-4 Apigenin
Pre + Diet Hum BC, PCa, CRC 






-4 Luteolin
Pre + Diet Hum Lung, CRC, BC 






-4 Kaempferol
Diet Hum Ov, Panc, Lung






-4 Fisetin
Pre + Early Hum CRC, PCa, Mel






-4 Ellagic acid → Urolithin A
Hum (microbiome) CRC, PCa, BC






-3 Omega-3 (EPA/DHA)
Strong Hum CRC, BC






-3 Vitamin D3 (supp)
Obs + RCT CRC, BC






-3 Garlic (allicin)
Mod Hum GI






-3 Mushroom beta-glucans
Hum adjunct GI, BC






-3 Melatonin
Hum + Mech BC, PCa






-3 Coffee (whole)
Strong Hum Liv, Endo






-2 Quercetin
Limited Hum Lung, CRC






-2 Resveratrol
Limited Hum CRC, BC






-2 I3C / DIM
Mod Hum BC, Cerv






-2 Thymoquinone
Early Hum BC, CRC






-2 Beta-carotene (food)
Hum Lung






-1 Vitamin K2 (MK-4/7)
Limited Hum Liv, PCa






-1 Boron
Obs PCa, Lung






0 Vitamin C (oral)
Strong Hum —






0 Genistein (soy)
Strong Hum BC, PCa






0 Selenium (diet)
Mixed Hum PCa






0 Capsaicin
Mixed Gastric






+2 Vitamin E (alpha only)
Strong RCT PCa






+2 Green tea extract (high-dose)
Case reports Liv






+4 Beta-carotene (supplement)
Strong RCT Lung (smokers)






+5 Alcohol (ethanol)
Strong Hum BC, Liv, Eso







Evidence
Hum        human data
VStrong    very strong
Strong     strong
Mod        moderate
Obs        observational
Pre        preclinical
RCT        randomized controlled trial
Mech       mechanistic
Adjunct    adjunct clinical use


Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
5416- ASA,    Cancer Incidence and Mortality With Aspirin in Older Adults
- Trial, Var, NA
Risk∅, In this study, over a median of 8.6 years, LDA was not associated with incident cancer among older adults, but cancer mortality risk was significantly elevated.
OS∅, However, the elevated cancer mortality risk seen with aspirin for participants in the RCT period did not persist into the post-RCT observation period, suggesting no legacy effect.

5399- ASA,    Effect of Aspirin on Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Older Adults
- Trial, Nor, NA
Risk↝, aspirin was associated with an increased risk of incident cancer that had metastasized
Risk↑, These findings suggest that in older persons, aspirin may accelerate the progression of cancer and, thus, suggest caution with its use in this age group.
Risk∅, There was no association of aspirin with the overall incidence of solid tumors (HR = 1.05, 95% CI = 0.95 to 1.15) or with the incidence of cancers that were diagnosed at stages 1, 2, or 3.
Risk↑, By contrast, aspirin was associated with an increase in the incidence of cancers presenting at stage 4 (HR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.02 to 1.45).
other↝, Prostate, colorectal, breast, melanoma, and lung were the most common incident cancers, accounting for 80% of all solid tumor cancers.

703- Bor,    Boron intake and prostate cancer risk
- Analysis, NA, NA
Risk∅, No correlation with prostate cancer frequency has been observed when boron consumption was less than 1.17 mg/d.

5776- Calc,    Calcium
- Review, Var, NA
Risk∅, Most clinical trial evidence does not support a beneficial effect of calcium supplements on cancer incidence. A 4-year study of 1,500 mg calcium and 2,000 IU (50 mcg) vitamin D or placebo daily for 4 years in 2,303 healthy women age 55 years and olde
Risk↓, 1,500 mg calcium plus 1,100 IU (27.5 mcg) vitamin D3; or placebo daily. Cancer incidence from all causes was 60% lower in women who took the combination
Risk↓, many, but not all, observational studies support a link between higher calcium intakes and a lower risk of colorectal cancer.
Risk↓, 1,415,597 participants (mean total dietary and supplemental calcium intake 250 to 1,900 mg/day) who were followed for 3.3 to 16 years, the risk of colorectal cancer dropped by 8% with each 300 mg/day increase in total calcium intake

6104- Chol,    Dietary choline intake and colorectal cancer: a cross-sectional study of 2005–2018 NHANES cycles
- Study, HCC, NA
Risk∅, higher dietary choline intake was not significantly associated with colorectal cancer odds after adjusting for potential confounders.
Risk⇅, Our findings are inconsistent with some previous studies that have reported inverse or positive associations between dietary choline intake and colorectal cancer risk.

2159- dietP,    Postdiagnostic Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and Breast Cancer Survival: Prospective Analyses in the Nurses' Health Studies
- Human, BC, NA
Risk↑, Apple juice largely accounted for these higher risks
Risk∅, and orange juice was not associated with risk
OS↑, higher vegetable consumption, particularly green leafy and cruciferous vegetables, was associated with better overall survival among patients with breast cancer.
OS↓, Higher fruit juice consumption, but not orange juice, was associated with poorer breast cancer–specific and all-cause survival.

4076- FA,  VitE,  VitB6,    Reduced risk of Alzheimer’s disease with high folate intake: The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging
- Study, AD, NA
*Risk↓, Higher intake of folate (RR, 0.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.22 to 0.76), vitamin E (RR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.30 to 1.06), and vitamin B6 (RR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.20 to 0.84) were associated individually with a decreased risk of AD
*other↝, When these 3 vitamins were analyzed together, only total intake of folate at or above the RDA (RR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.21 to 0.97) was associated with a significant decreased risk of AD
*Risk∅, No association was found between total intake of vitamins C, carotenoids, or vitamin B12 and risk of AD.

1704- Se,    Prospective study of toenail selenium levels and cancer among women
- Study, Var, NA
Risk∅, No inverse association was observed between selenium levels in toenails and cancer risk

1706- SSE,    Selenium in Prostate Cancer: Prevention, Progression, and Treatment
- Review, Pca, NA
Risk∅, randomized controlled studies have shown that selenium supplementation does not prevent prostate cancer (HR: 0.95; 95% CI 0.80–1.13).
ChemoSen↑, In the context of combinatorial therapy, selenium has demonstrated promising synergistic potential in the treatment of prostate cancer.
Risk↓, Moreover, there is increasing evidence suggesting that selenium can serve as a preventive agent, and the levels of selenium in the bloodstream may be linked to the development of prostate cancer
toxicity↝, Interestingly, both low and high levels of selenium have shown potential implications.
Risk↑, Generally, lower serum selenium status has been correlated with an increased risk of cancer.
eff↑, Furthermore, foundational studies have proposed that antioxidants, such as vitamin E and lycopene [50], may enhance the effectiveness of selenium in preventing the formation of mammary tumors.
*toxicity↑, selenium supplementation after diagnosis and found that supplementation of 140 μg/day or more following a nonmetastatic prostate cancer diagnosis increased prostate cancer mortality.
RadioS↑, Sodium selenite, for instance, has demonstrated a significant enhancement of the radiosensitizing effect in both HI–LAPC-4 and PC-3 xenograft tumors
eff↓, Additionally, another study [59] provided valuable evidence indicating that prostate cancer patients with low levels of selenium and lycopene are more susceptible to DNA damage induced by ionizing radiation.
eff↑, Husbeck et al. highlighted that selenite increases sensitivity to gamma radiation in prostate cancer by reducing the ratio of GSH:GSSG
ChemoSen↑, while selenium supplementation alone did not demonstrate a positive effect on prostate cancer progression, it shows promise in enhancing the efficacy of chemotherapy and radiotherapy while mitigating their associated side effects during cancer treatm
ChemoSideEff↓,

4056- VitB12,  VitB6,  FA,    Vitamin B12, B6, or Folate and Cognitive Function in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- Review, AD, NA
*Risk∅, High vitamin B6 concentrations showed no significant benefit on cognition and dementia risk.
*cognitive↑, Higher levels of vitamin B12 (OR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.61-0.97) and folate concentration (OR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.51-0.90) were associated with better cognition in cross-sectional studies
*cognitive∅, but not in sensitivity analyses or prospective studies

4057- VitB6,  VitB12,  FA,    Folate, Vitamin B6 and Vitamin B12 Intake and Mild Cognitive Impairment and Probable Dementia in the Women’s Health Initiative Memory Study
- Study, AD, NA
*Risk↓, Folate intake below the RDA may increase risk for MCI/probable dementia in later life.
*Risk∅, here were no significant associations between vitamins B6 or B12 and MCI/probable dementia,

1825- VitK2,    Vitamin K intake and prostate cancer risk in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer (PLCO) Screening Trial
- Analysis, Pca, NA
Risk∅, The present study does not suggest that vitamin K intake influences the occurrence of total and advanced prostate cancer in the general US population


Showing Research Papers: 1 to 12 of 12

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 12

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

other↝, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

ChemoSen↑, 2,   eff↓, 1,   eff↑, 2,   RadioS↑, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

ChemoSideEff↓, 1,   OS↓, 1,   OS↑, 1,   OS∅, 1,   Risk↓, 4,   Risk↑, 4,   Risk⇅, 1,   Risk↝, 1,   Risk∅, 9,   toxicity↝, 1,  
Total Targets: 15

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

other↝, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

cognitive↑, 1,   cognitive∅, 1,   Risk↓, 2,   Risk∅, 3,   toxicity↑, 1,  
Total Targets: 6

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: Risk, Risk
3 Folic Acid, Vit B9
3 Vitamin B6,pyridoxine
2 Aspirin -acetylsalicylic acid
2 Vitamin B12
1 Boron
1 Calcium
1 Choline
1 diet Plant based
1 Vitamin E
1 Selenium
1 Selenite (Sodium)
1 Vitamin K2
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:785  State#:%  Dir#:6
  wNotes=on  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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