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| Destruction of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, which is widely regarded as one of the earliest events in the process of cell apoptosis. Mitochondria are organelles within eukaryotic cells that produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the main energy molecule used by the cell. For this reason, the mitochondrion is sometimes referred to as “the powerhouse of the cell”. Mitochondria produce ATP through process of cellular respiration—specifically, aerobic respiration, which requires oxygen. The citric acid cycle, or Krebs cycle, takes place in the mitochondria. The mitochondrial membrane potential is widely used in assessing mitochondrial function as it relates to the mitochondrial capacity of ATP generation by oxidative phosphorylation. The mitochondrial membrane potential is a reliable indicator of mitochondrial health. In cancer cells, ΔΨm is often decreased, which can lead to changes in cellular metabolism, increased glycolysis, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and altered cell death pathways. The membrane of malignant mitochondria is hyperpolarized (−220 mV) in comparison to their healthy counterparts (−160 mV), which facilitates the penetration of positively charged molecules to the cancer cells mitochondria. The MMP is a critical indicator of mitochondrial function, directly reflecting the organelle's capacity to generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. |
| 2435- | 2DG, | Targeting hexokinase 2 for oral cancer therapy: structure-based design and validation of lead compounds |
| - | in-vitro, | SCC, | CAL27 |
| 5459- | AF, | Auranofin Induces Lethality Driven by Reactive Oxygen Species in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer Cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Ovarian, | NA |
| 5472- | AF, | Auranofin induces apoptosis and necrosis in HeLa cells via oxidative stress and glutathione depletion |
| - | in-vitro, | Cerv, | HeLa |
| 5468- | AF, | The gold complex auranofin: new perspectives for cancer therapy |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 5431- | AG, | Advances in research on the anti-tumor mechanism of Astragalus polysaccharides |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 5434- | AG, | Recent Advances in the Mechanisms and Applications of Astragalus Polysaccharides in Liver Cancer Treatment: An Overview |
| - | Review, | Liver, | NA |
| 4399- | AgNPs, | Chit, | Silver nanoparticles impregnated alginate-chitosan-blended nanocarrier induces apoptosis in human glioblastoma cells |
| - | in-vitro, | GBM, | U87MG |
| 4398- | AgNPs, | Induction of apoptosis in cancer cells at low silver nanoparticle concentrations using chitosan nanocarrier |
| - | in-vitro, | Colon, | HT29 |
| 4389- | AgNPs, | Graphene Oxide-Silver Nanocomposite Enhances Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Potential of Salinomycin in Human Ovarian Cancer Stem Cells (OvCSCs): A Novel Approach for Cancer Therapy |
| - | in-vitro, | Ovarian, | NA |
| 4388- | AgNPs, | Differential Cytotoxic Potential of Silver Nanoparticles in Human Ovarian Cancer Cells and Ovarian Cancer Stem Cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Cerv, | NA |
| 4414- | AgNPs, | Silver nanoparticles: Forging a new frontline in lung cancer therapy |
| - | Review, | Lung, | NA |
| 4415- | AgNPs, | SDT, | CUR, | Examining the Impact of Sonodynamic Therapy With Ultrasound Wave in the Presence of Curcumin-Coated Silver Nanoparticles on the Apoptosis of MCF7 Breast Cancer Cells |
| - | in-vitro, | BC, | MCF-7 |
| 4405- | AgNPs, | Silver nanoparticles defeat p53-positive and p53-negative osteosarcoma cells by triggering mitochondrial stress and apoptosis |
| - | in-vitro, | OS, | NA |
| 4435- | AgNPs, | Gluc, | Glucose-Functionalized Silver Nanoparticles as a Potential New Therapy Agent Targeting Hormone-Resistant Prostate Cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Pca, | PC3 | - | in-vitro, | Pca, | LNCaP | - | in-vitro, | Pca, | DU145 |
| 4436- | AgNPs, | Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) as Enhancers of Everolimus and Radiotherapy Sensitivity on Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma |
| - | in-vitro, | Kidney, | 786-O |
| 4439- | AgNPs, | Anticancer Potential of Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles Using Extract of Nepeta deflersiana against Human Cervical Cancer Cells (HeLA) |
| - | in-vitro, | Cerv, | HeLa |
| 4380- | AgNPs, | Silver nanoparticles induce toxicity in A549 cells via ROS-dependent and ROS-independent pathways |
| - | in-vitro, | Lung, | A549 |
| 4371- | AgNPs, | Effects of Green Silver Nanoparticles on Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress in Normal and Cancerous Human Hepatic Cells in vitro |
| - | in-vitro, | Liver, | HUH7 |
| 4561- | AgNPs, | VitC, | Cellular Effects Nanosilver on Cancer and Non-cancer Cells: Potential Environmental and Human Health Impacts |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HCT116 | - | in-vitro, | Nor, | HEK293 |
| 4558- | AgNPs, | Role of Oxidative and Nitro-Oxidative Damage in Silver Nanoparticles Cytotoxic Effect against Human Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cells |
| - | in-vitro, | PC, | PANC1 |
| 4556- | AgNPs, | Biofilm Impeding AgNPs Target Skin Carcinoma by Inducing Mitochondrial Membrane Depolarization Mediated through ROS Production |
| - | in-vitro, | Melanoma, | A431 |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HCT116 |
| 324- | AgNPs, | CPT, | Silver Nanoparticles Potentiates Cytotoxicity and Apoptotic Potential of Camptothecin in Human Cervical Cancer Cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Cerv, | HeLa |
| 306- | AgNPs, | Cancer Therapy by Silver Nanoparticles: Fiction or Reality? |
| - | Analysis, | NA, | NA |
| 373- | AgNPs, | Cytotoxic Potential and Molecular Pathway Analysis of Silver Nanoparticles in Human Colon Cancer Cells HCT116 |
| - | in-vitro, | Colon, | HCT116 |
| 369- | AgNPs, | Silver nanoparticles induce oxidative cell damage in human liver cells through inhibition of reduced glutathione and induction of mitochondria-involved apoptosis |
| - | in-vitro, | Liver, | NA |
| 363- | AgNPs, | Silver nanoparticles induce oxidative cell damage in human liver cells through inhibition of reduced glutathione and induction of mitochondria-involved apoptosis |
| - | in-vitro, | BC, | MCF-7 |
| 350- | AgNPs, | Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Effects of Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles via Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Mitochondrial Pathway in Human Breast Cancer Cells |
| - | in-vitro, | BC, | MCF-7 |
| 397- | AgNPs, | GEM, | Silver nanoparticles enhance the apoptotic potential of gemcitabine in human ovarian cancer cells: combination therapy for effective cancer treatment |
| - | in-vitro, | Ovarian, | A2780S |
| 395- | AgNPs, | The apoptotic and genomic studies on A549 cell line induced by silver nitrate |
| - | in-vitro, | Lung, | A549 |
| 388- | AgNPs, | Apoptotic efficacy of multifaceted biosynthesized silver nanoparticles on human adenocarcinoma cells |
| - | in-vitro, | BC, | MCF-7 |
| 2288- | AgNPs, | Silver Nanoparticle-Mediated Cellular Responses in Various Cell Lines: An in Vitro Model |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 2287- | AgNPs, | Silver nanoparticles induce endothelial cytotoxicity through ROS-mediated mitochondria-lysosome damage and autophagy perturbation: The protective role of N-acetylcysteine |
| - | in-vitro, | Nor, | HUVECs |
| 5356- | AL, | Therapeutic role of allicin in gastrointestinal cancers: mechanisms and safety aspects |
| - | Review, | GC, | NA |
| 2655- | AL, | Allicin and Digestive System Cancers: From Chemical Structure to Its Therapeutic Opportunities |
| - | Review, | GC, | NA |
| 2656- | AL, | Allicin Protects PC12 Cells Against 6-OHDA-Induced Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction via Regulating Mitochondrial Dynamics |
| - | in-vitro, | Park, | PC12 |
| 2000- | AL, | Exploring the ROS-mediated anti-cancer potential in human triple-negative breast cancer by garlic bulb extract: A source of therapeutically active compounds |
| - | in-vitro, | BC, | MDA-MB-231 | - | in-vitro, | BC, | MCF-7 | - | in-vitro, | Nor, | NA |
| 250- | AL, | Allicin Induces p53-Mediated Autophagy in Hep G2 Human Liver Cancer Cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Liver, | HepG2 |
| 254- | AL, | Allicin and Cancer Hallmarks |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 234- | AL, | Allicin Induces Anti-human Liver Cancer Cells through the p53 Gene Modulating Apoptosis and Autophagy |
| - | in-vitro, | HCC, | Hep3B |
| 233- | AL, | 5-FU, | Allicin sensitizes hepatocellular cancer cells to anti-tumor activity of 5-fluorouracil through ROS-mediated mitochondrial pathway |
| - | in-vivo, | Liver, | NA |
| 3454- | ALA, | Lipoic acid blocks autophagic flux and impairs cellular bioenergetics in breast cancer and reduces stemness |
| - | in-vitro, | BC, | MCF-7 | - | in-vitro, | BC, | MDA-MB-231 |
| 3448- | ALA, | Alpha lipoic acid attenuates hypoxia-induced apoptosis, inflammation and mitochondrial oxidative stress via inhibition of TRPA1 channel in human glioblastoma cell line |
| 3447- | ALA, | Redox Active α-Lipoic Acid Differentially Improves Mitochondrial Dysfunction in a Cellular Model of Alzheimer and Its Control Cells |
| - | in-vitro, | AD, | SH-SY5Y |
| 3541- | ALA, | Insights on alpha lipoic and dihydrolipoic acids as promising scavengers of oxidative stress and possible chelators in mercury toxicology |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 282- | ALA, | Alpha-lipoic acid induced apoptosis of PC3 prostate cancer cells through an alteration on mitochondrial membrane depolarization and MMP-9 mRNA expression |
| - | in-vitro, | Pca, | PC3 |
| 1253- | aLinA, | The Antitumor Effects of α-Linolenic Acid |
| - | Review, | NA, | NA |
| 1349- | And, | Andrographolide promoted ferroptosis to repress the development of non-small cell lung cancer through activation of the mitochondrial dysfunction |
| - | in-vitro, | Lung, | H460 | - | in-vitro, | Lung, | H1650 |
| 1547- | Api, | Apigenin: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential against Cancer Spreading |
| - | Review, | NA, | NA |
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers. Such Conditions may include : -low or high Dose -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations -different cell line effects -synergies with other products -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells
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