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| Type: |
| PD-L1 is a protein that plays a crucial role in the regulation of the immune system.
PD-L1 helps to prevent the immune system from attacking healthy cells by binding to its receptor, PD-1, on immune cells. However, some cancer cells can exploit this mechanism by expressing high levels of PD-L1, which can help them evade immune detection. PD-L1 has become a key target for cancer immunotherapy, particularly in the development of checkpoint inhibitors. PD-1: Upregulated on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), reflecting chronic antigen exposure and an “exhausted” T cell phenotype. PD-L1 and PD-L2: Frequently overexpressed by many tumor types (e.g., non–small cell lung cancer, melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, head and neck cancers. |
| 3323- | SIL, | Anticancer therapeutic potential of silibinin: current trends, scope and relevance |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 3282- | SIL, | Role of Silymarin in Cancer Treatment: Facts, Hypotheses, and Questions |
| - | Review, | NA, | NA |
| 1001- | SIL, | Silibinin down-regulates PD-L1 expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by interfering with tumor cell glycolytic metabolism |
| - | in-vitro, | NA, | NA |
| 1049- | SK, | Shikonin inhibits immune checkpoint PD-L1 expression on macrophage in sepsis by modulating PKM2 |
| - | in-vivo, | NA, | NA |
| 1052- | TQ, | Thymoquinone Anticancer Effects Through the Upregulation of NRF2 and the Downregulation of PD-L1 in MDA-MB-231 Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells |
| - | in-vitro, | BC, | MDA-MB-231 |
| 3399- | TQ, | Anticancer Effects of Thymoquinone through the Antioxidant Activity, Upregulation of Nrf2, and Downregulation of PD-L1 in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells |
| - | in-vitro, | BC, | MDA-MB-231 | - | NA, | BC, | MDA-MB-468 |
| - | in-vitro, | BC, | MDA-MB-231 | - | in-vitro, | BC, | MDA-MB-468 |
| 1929- | TQ, | Thymoquinone Suppresses the Proliferation, Migration and Invasiveness through Regulating ROS, Autophagic Flux and miR-877-5p in Human Bladder Carcinoma Cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Bladder, | 5637 | - | in-vitro, | Bladder, | T24/HTB-9 |
| 3141- | VitC, | High-dose Vitamin C inhibits PD-L1 expression by activating AMPK in colorectal cancer |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HCT116 |
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers. Such Conditions may include : -low or high Dose -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations -different cell line effects -synergies with other products -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells
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