TGF-β Cancer Research Results

TGF-β, transforming growth factor-beta: Click to Expand ⟱
Source: HalifaxProj(inhibit) CGL-CS TCGA
Type:
Human malignancies frequently exhibit mutations in the TGF-β pathway, and overactivation of this system is linked to tumor growth by promoting angiogenesis and inhibiting the innate and adaptive antitumor immune responses.
Anti-inflammatory cytokine.
In normal tissues, TGF-β plays an essential role in cell cycle regulation, immune function, and tissue remodeling.
- In early carcinogenesis, TGF-β typically acts as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis.

In advanced cancers, cells frequently become resistant to the growth-inhibitory effects of TGF-β.
- TGF-β then switches roles and promotes tumor progression by stimulating epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell invasion, metastasis, and immune evasion.

Non-canonical (Smad-independent) pathways, such as MAPK, PI3K/Akt, and Rho signaling, also contribute to TGF-β-mediated responses.

Elevated levels of TGF-β have been detected in many advanced-stage cancers, including breast, lung, colorectal, pancreatic, and prostate cancers.
 - The switch from a tumor-suppressive to a tumor-promoting role is often associated with increased TGF-β production and activation in the tumor microenvironment.

High TGF-β expression or signaling activity is frequently correlated with aggressive disease features, resistance to therapy, increased metastasis, and poorer overall survival in many cancer types.
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
941- Gos,  Rad,    The Lactate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor Gossypol Inhibits Radiation-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis
- in-vivo, NA, NA
lactateProd↓, other↓, TGF-β↓,
1649- HCAs,    Anticancer Properties of Hydroxycinnamic Acids -A Review
- Review, Var, NA
*antiOx↑, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, VEGF↓, TGF-β↓, Bax:Bcl2↑, TumCCA↑, COX2↓, NF-kB↓,
4636- HT,    Hydroxytyrosol inhibits cancer stem cells and the metastatic capacity of triple-negative breast cancer cell lines by the simultaneous targeting of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, Wnt/ß-catenin and TGFß signaling
- in-vitro, BC, SUM159 - in-vitro, BC, MDA-MB-231 - in-vitro, BC, HS587T - in-vitro, BC, BT549
Wnt↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, LRP6↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, EMT↓, Slug↓, Zeb1↓, Snail↓, Vim↓, TGF-β↓, CSCs↓, TumCMig↓, chemoP↑,
4632- HT,    Hydroxytyrosol inhibits cancer stem cells and the metastatic capacity of triple-negative breast cancer cell lines by the simultaneous targeting of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, Wnt/β-catenin and TGFβ signaling pathways
- in-vitro, BC, MDA-MB-231 - in-vitro, BC, BT549 - in-vitro, BC, SUM159
CSCs↓, TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, Wnt↓, p‑LRP6↓, LRP6↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, EMT↓, Slug↓, Zeb1↓, Snail↓, Vim↓, SMAD2↓, SMAD3↓, TGF-β↓,
1122- LF,  MTX,    Lactoferrin Reverses Methotrexate Driven Epithelial Barrier Defect by Inhibiting TGF-β Mediated Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition
- in-vivo, Colon, Caco-2
TGF-β↓, EMT↓,
1060- LT,  BTZ,    Luteolin inhibits the TGF-β signaling pathway to overcome bortezomib resistance in multiple myeloma
- vitro+vivo, Melanoma, NA
ALDH1A1↓, TGF-β↓, ChemoSen↑,
4520- MAG,    Magnolol Suppresses Pancreatic Cancer Development In Vivo and In Vitro via Negatively Regulating TGF-β/Smad Signaling
- vitro+vivo, PC, PANC1
Vim↓, E-cadherin↑, EMT↓, N-cadherin↓, p‑SMAD2↓, p‑SMAD3↓, TumCP↓, TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, TGF-β↓,
2643- MCT,    Medium Chain Triglycerides enhances exercise endurance through the increased mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolism
- Review, Nor, NA
*Akt↑, *AMPK↓, *TGF-β↓, eff↑, *BioEnh↑, *ATP↑, *PGC-1α↑, *p‑mTOR↑, *SMAD3↓,
2386- MET,    Mechanisms of metformin inhibiting cancer invasion and migration
- Review, Var, NA
OS↑, AMPK↑, EMT↓, TGF-β↓, mTOR↓, P70S6K↓, PKM2↓, Hif1a↓, ChemoSen↑,
4111- MF,    Coupling of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) therapy to molecular grounds of the cell
- Review, Arthritis, NA
*Inflam↓, *Cartilage↑, *Pain↓, *QoL↑, *Dose↝, *VEGF↑, *NO↑, *TGF-β↑, *MMP9↓, *PGE2↑, *GPx3↑, *SOD2↑, *Catalase↑, *GSR↑, *Ca+2↑,
3536- MF,    Targeting Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/Pericytes (MSCs) With Pulsed Electromagnetic Field (PEMF) Has the Potential to Treat Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Review, Arthritis, NA - Review, Stroke, NA
*Inflam↓, *Diff↑, *toxicity∅, *other↑, *SOX9↑, *COL2A1↑, *NO↓, *PGE2↓, *NF-kB↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *IL10↑, *angioG↑, *MSCs↑, *VEGF↑, *TGF-β↑, *angioG↝, *VEGF↓, Ca+2↝,
3478- MF,    One Month of Brief Weekly Magnetic Field Therapy Enhances the Anticancer Potential of Female Human Sera: Randomized Double-Blind Pilot Study
- Trial, BC, NA - in-vitro, BC, MCF-7 - in-vitro, Nor, C2C12
TumCP↓, TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, *toxicity∅, TGF-β↓, Twist↓, Slug↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, Vim↓, p‑SMAD2↓, p‑SMAD3↓, angioG↓, VEGF↓, selectivity↑, LIF↑,
3468- MF,    An integrative review of pulsed electromagnetic field therapy (PEMF) and wound healing
- Review, NA, NA
*other↑, *necrosis↓, *IL6↑, *TGF-β↑, *iNOS↑, *MMP2↑, *MCP1↑, *HO-1↑, *Inflam↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *TNF-α↓, *BioAv↑, eff⇅, DNAdam↑, Apoptosis↑, ROS↑, TumCP↓, *ROS↓, *FGF↑,
3497- MFrot,  MF,    The Effect of a Rotating Magnetic Field on the Regenerative Potential of Platelets
- Human, Nor, NA
*PDGFR-BB↑, *TGF-β↑, *IGF-1↑, *FGF↑, *angioG↑, *Inflam↓, *ROS↓,
201- MFrot,  MF,    Gradient Rotating Magnetic Fields Impairing F-Actin-Related Gene CCDC150 to Inhibit Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Metastasis by Inactivating TGF-β1/SMAD3 Signaling Pathway
- in-vitro, BC, MDA-MB-231 - in-vitro, BC, BT549 - in-vitro, BC, MDA-MB-468
CCDC150↓, TGF-β↓, SMAD3↓,
1798- NarG,    Naringenin: A potential flavonoid phytochemical for cancer therapy
- Review, NA, NA
*Inflam↓, *antiOx↓, neuroP↑, hepatoP↑, AntiCan↑, Apoptosis↑, TumCCA↑, angioG↓, ROS↝, SOD↑, TGF-β↓, Treg lymp↓, IL1β↓, *BioAv↝, ChemoSen↑, cardioP↑,
2048- PB,    Sodium Phenylbutyrate Inhibits Tumor Growth and the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma In Vitro and In Vivo
- in-vitro, OS, CAL27 - in-vitro, Oral, HSC3 - in-vitro, OS, SCC4 - in-vivo, NA, NA
*NH3↓, *HDAC↓, *ER Stress↓, Apoptosis?, Bcl-2↓, cl‑Casp3↑, TGF-β↑, N-cadherin↓, E-cadherin↑, TumVol↓, eff↑,
1681- PBG,    Propolis: Its Role and Efficacy in Human Health and Diseases
- Review, Nor, NA
*Inflam↓, *AntiCan↑, *antiOx↑, *hyperG↓, *BG↓, *HbA1c↓, *NF-kB↓, *ROS↓, *TGF-β↑, *selectivity↑,
3250- PBG,    Allergic Inflammation: Effect of Propolis and Its Flavonoids
- Review, NA, NA
*SOD↑, *GPx↑, *Catalase↑, *Prx↑, *HO-1↑, *Inflam↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *IL4↑, *IL10↑, *TLR4↓, *LOX1↓, *COX1↓, *COX2↓, *NF-kB↓, *AP-1↓, *ROS↓, *GSH↑, *TGF-β↓, *IL8↓, *MMP9↓, *α-SMA↓, *MDA↓,
3257- PBG,    The Potential Use of Propolis as a Primary or an Adjunctive Therapy in Respiratory Tract-Related Diseases and Disorders: A Systematic Scoping Review
- Review, Var, NA
CDK4↓, CDK6↓, pRB↓, ROS↓, TumCCA↑, P21↑, PI3K↓, Akt↓, EMT↓, E-cadherin↑, Vim↓, *COX2↓, *MPO↓, *MDA↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL6↓, *Catalase↑, *SOD↑, *AST↓, *ALAT↓, *IL1β↓, *IL10↓, *GPx↓, *TLR4↓, *Sepsis↓, *IFN-γ↑, *GSH↑, *NRF2↑, *α-SMA↓, *TGF-β↓, *IL5↓, *IL6↓, *IL8↓, *PGE2↓, *NF-kB↓, *MMP9↓,
1257- PI,    Piperlongumine attenuates bile duct ligation-induced liver fibrosis in mice via inhibition of TGF-β1/Smad and EMT pathways
- ex-vivo, LiverDam, NA
*Fibronectin↓, *α-SMA↓, *COL1↓, *COL3A1↓, *TGF-β↓, *EMT↓, *MMP2↓, *α-SMA↓, *Smad7↑, *E-cadherin↑, *Vim↓, *hepatoP↑, *antiOx↑, *GSH↑, *ROS↓,
923- QC,    Quercetin as an innovative therapeutic tool for cancer chemoprevention: Molecular mechanisms and implications in human health
- Review, Var, NA
ROS↑, GSH↓, Ca+2↝, MMP↓, Casp3↑, Casp8↑, Casp9↑, other↓, *ROS↓, *NRF2↑, HO-1↑, TumCCA↑, Inflam↓, STAT3↓, DR5↑, P450↓, MMPs↓, IFN-γ↓, IL6↓, COX2↓, IL8↓, iNOS↓, TNF-α↓, cl‑PARP↑, Apoptosis↑, P53↑, Sp1/3/4↓, survivin↓, TRAILR↑, Casp10↑, DFF45↑, TNFR 1↑, Fas↑, NF-kB↓, IKKα↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, Bcl-2↓, BAX↑, PI3K↓, Akt↓, E-cadherin↓, Vim↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, cMyc↓, EMT↓, MMP2↓, NOTCH1↓, MMP7↓, angioG↓, TSP-1↑, CSCs↓, XIAP↓, Snail↓, Slug↓, LEF1↓, P-gp↓, EGFR↓, GSK‐3β↓, mTOR↓, RAGE↓, HSP27↓, VEGF↓, TGF-β↓, COL1↓, COL3A1↓,
3368- QC,    The potential anti-cancer effects of quercetin on blood, prostate and lung cancers: An update
- Review, Var, NA
*Inflam↓, *antiOx↑, *AntiCan↑, Casp3↓, p‑Akt↓, p‑mTOR↓, p‑ERK↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, Hif1a↓, AntiAg↓, VEGFR2↓, EMT↓, EGFR↓, MMP2↓, MMP↓, TumMeta↓, MMPs↓, Akt↓, Snail↓, N-cadherin↓, Vim↓, E-cadherin↑, STAT3↓, TGF-β↓, ROS↓, P53↑, BAX↑, PKCδ↓, PI3K↓, COX2↓, cFLIP↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, cMyc↓, IL6↓, IL10↓, Cyt‑c↑, TumCCA↑, DNMTs↓, HDAC↓, ac‑H3↑, ac‑H4↑, Diablo↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, PARP1↑, eff↑, PTEN↑, VEGF↓, NO↓, iNOS↓, ChemoSen↑, eff↑, eff↑, eff↑, uPA↓, CXCR4↓, CXCL12↓, CLDN2↓, CDK6↓, MMP9↓, TSP-1↑, Ki-67↓, PCNA↓, ROS↑, ER Stress↑,
3369- QC,    Pharmacological basis and new insights of quercetin action in respect to its anti-cancer effects
- Review, Pca, NA
FAK↓, TumCCA↑, p‑pRB↓, CDK2↑, CycB/CCNB1↓, CDK1↓, EMT↓, PI3K↓, MAPK↓, Wnt↓, ROS↑, miR-21↑, Akt↓, NF-kB↓, FasL↑, Bak↑, BAX↑, Bcl-2↓, Casp3↓, Casp9↑, P53↑, p38↑, MAPK↑, Cyt‑c↑, PARP↓, CHOP↑, ROS↓, LDH↑, GRP78/BiP↑, ERK↑, MDA↓, SOD↑, GSH↑, NRF2↑, VEGF↓, PDGF↓, EGF↓, FGF↓, TNF-α↓, TGF-β↓, VEGFR2↓, EGFR↓, FGFR1↓, mTOR↓, cMyc↓, MMPs↓, LC3B-II↑, Beclin-1↑, IL1β↓, CRP↓, IL10↓, COX2↓, IL6↓, TLR4↓, Shh↓, HER2/EBBR2↓, NOTCH↓, DR5↑, HSP70/HSPA5↓, CSCs↓, angioG↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, IGFBP3↑, uPA↓, uPAR↓, RAS↓, Raf↓, TSP-1↑,
3092- RES,    Resveratrol in breast cancer treatment: from cellular effects to molecular mechanisms of action
- Review, BC, MDA-MB-231 - Review, BC, MCF-7
TumCP↓, tumCV↓, TumCI↓, TumMeta↓, *antiOx↑, *cardioP↑, *Inflam↓, *neuroP↑, *Keap1↓, *NRF2↑, *ROS↓, p62↓, IL1β↓, CRP↓, VEGF↓, Bcl-2↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, FOXO4↓, POLD1↓, CK2↓, MMP↓, ROS↑, Apoptosis↑, TumCCA↑, Beclin-1↓, Ki-67↓, ATP↓, GlutMet↓, PFK↓, TGF-β↓, SMAD2↓, SMAD3↓, Vim?, Snail↓, Slug↓, E-cadherin↑, EMT↓, Zeb1↓, Fibronectin↓, IGF-1↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, HO-1↑, eff↑, PD-1↓, CD8+↑, Th1 response↑, CSCs↓, RadioS↑, SIRT1↑, Hif1a↓, mTOR↓,
103- RES,  CUR,  QC,    The effect of resveratrol, curcumin and quercetin combination on immuno-suppression of tumor microenvironment for breast tumor-bearing mice
- vitro+vivo, BC, 4T1
ROS↑, MMP↓, Bcl-2↓, BAX↑, Casp9↑, T-Cell↑, TGF-β↓,
878- RES,    Resveratrol suppresses epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer through TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway mediated Snail/E-cadherin expression
- vitro+vivo, CRC, LoVo
TumMeta↓, E-cadherin↑, Vim↓, TGF-β↓, SMAD2↓, EMT↓, SMAD3↓,
3619- RosA,    Rosmarinic acid suppresses Alzheimer’s disease development by reducing amyloid β aggregation by increasing monoamine secretion
- Review, AD, NA
*BioAv↓, *BBB↝, *monoA↑, *TGF-β↓, *Aβ↓,
4485- Se,    Selenium stimulates the antitumour immunity: Insights to future research
- Review, NA, NA
*antiOx↑, chemoPv↑, ROS↑, Imm↑, selenoP↑, *IL2↑, *IL4↑, *TNF-α↓, *TGF-β↓, *EMT↓, Risk↓, *GPx↑, *TrxR↑,
3301- SIL,    Critical review of therapeutic potential of silymarin in cancer: A bioactive polyphenolic flavonoid
- Review, Var, NA
Inflam↓, TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↓, TumMeta↓, TumCG↓, angioG↓, chemoP↑, radioP↑, p‑ERK↓, p‑p38↓, p‑JNK↓, P53↑, Bcl-2↓, Bcl-xL↓, TGF-β↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, E-cadherin↑, Wnt↓, Vim↓, VEGF↓, IL6↓, STAT3↓, *ROS↓, IL1β↓, PGE2↓, CDK1↓, CycB/CCNB1↓, survivin↓, Mcl-1↓, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, cMyc↓, COX2↓, Hif1a↓, CXCR4↓, CSCs↓, EMT↓, N-cadherin↓, PCNA↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, ROS↑, eff↑, eff↑, eff↑, HER2/EBBR2↓,
3294- SIL,    Silymarin: a review on paving the way towards promising pharmacological agent
- Review, Nor, NA - Review, Arthritis, NA
*hepatoP↑, *Inflam↓, *chemoP↑, *glucose↓, *antiOx↑, *ROS↓, *ACC↓, *FASN↓, *radioP↑, *NF-kB↓, *TGF-β↓, *AST↓, *α-SMA↝, *eff↑, *neuroP↑, eff↑, ROS↓,
3282- SIL,    Role of Silymarin in Cancer Treatment: Facts, Hypotheses, and Questions
- Review, NA, NA
hepatoP↑, AntiCan↑, TumCMig↓, Hif1a↓, selectivity↑, toxicity∅, *antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, TumCCA↑, P21↑, CDK4↓, NF-kB↓, ERK↓, PSA↓, TumCG↓, p27↑, COX2↓, IL1↓, VEGF↓, IGFBP3↑, AR↓, STAT3↓, Telomerase↓, Cyt‑c↑, Casp↑, eff↝, HDAC↓, HATs↑, Zeb1↓, E-cadherin↑, miR-203↑, NHE1↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, PGE2↓, Vim↓, Wnt↓, angioG↓, VEGF↓, *TIMP1↓, EMT↓, TGF-β↓, CD44↓, EGFR↓, PDGF↓, *IL8↓, SREBP1↓, MMP↓, ATP↓, uPA↓, PD-L1↓, NOTCH↓, *SIRT1↑, SIRT1↓, CA↓, Ca+2↑, chemoP↑, cardioP↑, Dose↝, Half-Life↝, BioAv↓, BioAv↓, BioAv↓, toxicity↝, Half-Life↓, ROS↓, FAK↓,
2359- SK,    Regulating lactate-related immunometabolism and EMT reversal for colorectal cancer liver metastases using shikonin targeted delivery
- in-vivo, Liver, NA
TumCG↓, PKM2↓, EMT↓, TGF-β↓, Glycolysis↓, lactateProd↓, ATP↓,
2363- SK,    Inhibition of PKM2 by shikonin impedes TGF-β1 expression by repressing histone lactylation to alleviate renal fibrosis
- in-vivo, CKD, NA
PKM2↓, lactateProd↓, TGF-β↓,
2213- SK,    Shikonin attenuates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury via inhibiting NOD2/RIP2/NF-κB-mediated microglia polarization and neuroinflammation
- in-vivo, Stroke, NA
*neuroP↑, *Inflam↓, *iNOS↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *ARG↑, *TGF-β↑, *IL10↑, *NF-kB↓, *eff↓,
1194- SM,    Salvia miltiorrhiza protects against diabetic nephropathy through metabolome regulation and wnt/β-catenin and TGF-β signaling inhibition
- in-vivo, Diabetic, NA
β-catenin/ZEB1↓, TGF-β↓,
1138- TQ,    Thymoquinone inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition in prostate cancer cells by negatively regulating the TGF-β/Smad2/3 signaling pathway
- in-vitro, Pca, DU145 - in-vitro, Pca, PC3
TumMeta↓, EMT↓, E-cadherin↑, Vim↓, Slug↓, TGF-β↓, SMAD2↓, SMAD3↓,
2132- TQ,    Thymoquinone treatment modulates the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and abrogates the inflammatory response in an animal model of lung fibrosis
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*Weight∅, *antiOx↑, *lipid-P↓, *MMP7↓, *Casp3↓, *BAX↓, *TGF-β↓, *Diff↑, *NRF2↓, *HO-1↓, *NF-kB↓, *IκB↑,
3405- TQ,  doxoR,    Protective effect of thymoquinone against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and the underlying mechanism
- vitro+vivo, NA, NA
*cardioP↑, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *ROS↓, *NQO1↑, *COX2↓, *NOX4↓, *GPx4↑, *FTH1↑, *p‑mTOR↓, *TGF-β↓,
3409- TQ,    Thymoquinone therapy remediates elevated brain tissue inflammatory mediators induced by chronic administration of food preservatives
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*MDA↓, *TGF-β↓, *CRP↓, *NF-kB↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *Casp3↓, *GSH↑, *NRF2↑, *IL10↑, *neuroP↑, *ROS↓, *Apoptosis↓, *Inflam↓,
3425- TQ,    Advances in research on the relationship between thymoquinone and pancreatic cancer
Apoptosis↑, TumCP↓, TumCI↓, TumMeta↓, ChemoSen↑, angioG↓, Inflam↓, NF-kB↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, TGF-β↓, Jun↓, p38↑, MAPK↑, MMP9↓, PKM2↓, ROS↑, JNK↑, MUC4↓, TGF-β↑, Dose↝, FAK↓, NOTCH↓, PTEN↑, mTOR↓, Warburg↓, XIAP↓, COX2↓, Casp9↑, Ki-67↓, CD34↓, VEGF↓, MCP1↓, survivin↓, Cyt‑c↑, Casp3↑, H4↑, HDAC↓,
3559- TQ,    Molecular signaling pathway targeted therapeutic potential of thymoquinone in Alzheimer’s disease
- Review, AD, NA - Review, Var, NA
*antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *AChE↓, AntiCan↑, *cardioP↑, *RenoP↑, *neuroP↑, *hepatoP↑, TumCG↓, Apoptosis↑, PI3K↓, Akt↑, TumCCA↑, angioG↓, *NF-kB↓, *TLR2↓, *TLR4↓, *MyD88↓, *TRIF↓, *IRF3↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *IL12↓, *NRF2↑, *COX2↓, *VEGF↓, *MMP9↓, *cMyc↓, *cycD1/CCND1↓, *TumCP↓, *TumCI↓, *MDA↓, *TGF-β↓, *CRP↓, *Casp3↓, *GSH↑, *IL10↑, *iNOS↑, *lipid-P↓, *SOD↑, *H2O2↓, *ROS↓, *LDH↓, *Catalase↑, *GPx↑, *AChE↓, *cognitive↑, *MAPK↑, *JNK↑, *BAX↓, *memory↑, *Aβ↓, *MMP↑,
1058- UA,    Ursolic acid, an antagonist for transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1
- in-vivo, NA, NA
TGF-β↓,
4328- VitB5,    Pantethine
- Review, AD, NA
*BBB↝, *LDL↓, *lipid-P↓, *AST↓, *ALAT↓, *TGF-β↓, *adiP↑, *Inflam↓, TumCG↓, FASN↓,
1223- VitD3,    Vitamin D3 Treatment Influences PGE2 and TGFβ in Normal and Increased Breast Cancer Risk Women
- Trial, NA, NA
*TGF-β↑, *PGE2↓,
2276- VitK2,    Vitamin K2 (MK-7) Intercepts Keap-1/Nrf-2/HO-1 Pathway and Hinders Inflammatory/Apoptotic Signaling and Liver Aging in Naturally Aging Rat
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*Albumin↑, *AST↓, *ALAT↓, *Keap1↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *COX2↓, *iNOS↓, *TNF-α↓, *TIMP1↓, *TGF-β↓, *ROS↓, *DNAdam↓, *Inflam↓,

Showing Research Papers: 51 to 96 of 96
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* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 96

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

GSH↓, 1,   GSH↑, 1,   HO-1↑, 2,   MDA↓, 1,   NRF2↑, 1,   ROS↓, 5,   ROS↑, 9,   ROS↝, 1,   selenoP↑, 1,   SOD↑, 2,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

ATP↓, 3,   EGF↓, 1,   FGFR1↓, 1,   MMP↓, 5,   Raf↓, 1,   XIAP↓, 2,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

AMPK↑, 1,   cMyc↓, 4,   FASN↓, 1,   GlutMet↓, 1,   Glycolysis↓, 1,   lactateProd↓, 3,   LDH↑, 1,   PFK↓, 1,   PKM2↓, 4,   POLD1↓, 1,   SIRT1↓, 1,   SIRT1↑, 1,   SREBP1↓, 1,   Warburg↓, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Akt↓, 6,   Akt↑, 1,   p‑Akt↓, 1,   Apoptosis?, 1,   Apoptosis↓, 1,   Apoptosis↑, 6,   Bak↑, 1,   BAX↑, 4,   Bax:Bcl2↑, 1,   Bcl-2↓, 6,   Bcl-xL↓, 1,   Casp↑, 1,   Casp10↑, 1,   Casp3↓, 2,   Casp3↑, 4,   cl‑Casp3↑, 1,   Casp8↑, 1,   Casp9↑, 6,   cFLIP↓, 1,   CK2↓, 1,   Cyt‑c↑, 4,   Diablo↑, 1,   DR5↑, 2,   Fas↑, 1,   FasL↑, 1,   iNOS↓, 2,   JNK↑, 1,   p‑JNK↓, 1,   MAPK↓, 1,   MAPK↑, 2,   Mcl-1↓, 1,   p27↑, 1,   p38↑, 2,   p‑p38↓, 1,   survivin↓, 3,   Telomerase↓, 1,   TNFR 1↑, 1,   TRAILR↑, 1,  

Kinase & Signal Transduction ⓘ

HER2/EBBR2↓, 2,   Sp1/3/4↓, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

ac‑H3↑, 1,   H4↑, 1,   ac‑H4↑, 1,   HATs↑, 1,   miR-21↑, 1,   other↓, 2,   pRB↓, 1,   p‑pRB↓, 1,   tumCV↓, 1,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

CHOP↑, 1,   ER Stress↑, 1,   GRP78/BiP↑, 1,   HSP27↓, 1,   HSP70/HSPA5↓, 1,  

Autophagy & Lysosomes ⓘ

Beclin-1↓, 1,   Beclin-1↑, 1,   LC3B-II↑, 1,   p62↓, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

DFF45↑, 1,   DNAdam↑, 1,   DNMTs↓, 1,   P53↑, 4,   PARP↓, 1,   cl‑PARP↑, 1,   PARP1↑, 1,   PCNA↓, 2,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ

CDK1↓, 2,   CDK2↑, 1,   CDK4↓, 2,   CycB/CCNB1↓, 2,   cycD1/CCND1↓, 5,   P21↑, 2,   TumCCA↑, 10,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

ALDH1A1↓, 1,   CD34↓, 1,   CD44↓, 1,   CSCs↓, 6,   EMT↓, 15,   ERK↓, 1,   ERK↑, 1,   p‑ERK↓, 2,   FGF↓, 1,   FOXO4↓, 1,   GSK‐3β↓, 1,   HDAC↓, 3,   IGF-1↓, 1,   IGFBP3↑, 2,   Jun↓, 1,   LRP6↓, 2,   p‑LRP6↓, 1,   mTOR↓, 5,   p‑mTOR↓, 1,   NOTCH↓, 3,   NOTCH1↓, 1,   P70S6K↓, 1,   PI3K↓, 7,   PTEN↑, 2,   RAS↓, 1,   Shh↓, 1,   STAT3↓, 4,   TumCG↓, 5,   Wnt↓, 5,  

Migration ⓘ

AntiAg↓, 1,   CA↓, 1,   Ca+2↑, 1,   Ca+2↝, 2,   CCDC150↓, 1,   CLDN2↓, 1,   COL1↓, 1,   COL3A1↓, 1,   CXCL12↓, 1,   E-cadherin↓, 1,   E-cadherin↑, 9,   FAK↓, 3,   Fibronectin↓, 1,   Ki-67↓, 3,   LEF1↓, 1,   miR-203↑, 1,   MMP2↓, 7,   MMP7↓, 1,   MMP9↓, 7,   MMPs↓, 3,   MUC4↓, 1,   N-cadherin↓, 4,   PDGF↓, 2,   PKCδ↓, 1,   RAGE↓, 1,   Slug↓, 6,   SMAD2↓, 4,   p‑SMAD2↓, 2,   SMAD3↓, 5,   p‑SMAD3↓, 2,   Snail↓, 5,   TGF-β↓, 25,   TGF-β↑, 2,   Treg lymp↓, 1,   TSP-1↑, 3,   TumCI↓, 5,   TumCMig↓, 5,   TumCP↓, 5,   TumMeta↓, 6,   Twist↓, 1,   uPA↓, 3,   uPAR↓, 1,   Vim?, 1,   Vim↓, 11,   Zeb1↓, 4,   β-catenin/ZEB1↓, 6,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

angioG↓, 8,   EGFR↓, 4,   Hif1a↓, 5,   NO↓, 1,   VEGF↓, 10,   VEGFR2↓, 2,  

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

NHE1↓, 1,   P-gp↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

COX2↓, 7,   CRP↓, 2,   CXCR4↓, 2,   IFN-γ↓, 1,   IKKα↓, 1,   IL1↓, 1,   IL10↓, 2,   IL1β↓, 4,   IL6↓, 4,   IL8↓, 1,   Imm↑, 1,   Inflam↓, 3,   LIF↑, 1,   MCP1↓, 1,   NF-kB↓, 5,   PD-1↓, 1,   PD-L1↓, 1,   PGE2↓, 2,   PSA↓, 1,   T-Cell↑, 1,   Th1 response↑, 1,   TLR4↓, 1,   TNF-α↓, 2,  

Hormonal & Nuclear Receptors ⓘ

AR↓, 1,   CDK6↓, 2,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↓, 3,   ChemoSen↑, 5,   Dose↝, 2,   eff↑, 11,   eff⇅, 1,   eff↝, 1,   Half-Life↓, 1,   Half-Life↝, 1,   P450↓, 1,   RadioS↑, 1,   selectivity↑, 2,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

AR↓, 1,   CRP↓, 2,   EGFR↓, 4,   HER2/EBBR2↓, 2,   IL6↓, 4,   Ki-67↓, 3,   LDH↑, 1,   PD-L1↓, 1,   PSA↓, 1,   RAGE↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 3,   cardioP↑, 2,   chemoP↑, 3,   chemoPv↑, 1,   hepatoP↑, 2,   neuroP↑, 1,   OS↑, 1,   radioP↑, 1,   Risk↓, 1,   toxicity↝, 1,   toxicity∅, 1,   TumVol↓, 1,  

Infection & Microbiome ⓘ

CD8+↑, 1,  
Total Targets: 245

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

antiOx↓, 1,   antiOx↑, 10,   Catalase↑, 4,   GPx↓, 1,   GPx↑, 3,   GPx3↑, 1,   GPx4↑, 1,   GSH↑, 5,   GSR↑, 1,   H2O2↓, 1,   HO-1↓, 1,   HO-1↑, 4,   hyperG↓, 1,   Keap1↓, 2,   lipid-P↓, 3,   MDA↓, 4,   MPO↓, 1,   NOX4↓, 1,   NQO1↑, 1,   NRF2↓, 1,   NRF2↑, 7,   Prx↑, 1,   ROS↓, 13,   SOD↑, 3,   SOD2↑, 1,   TrxR↑, 1,  

Metal & Cofactor Biology ⓘ

FTH1↑, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

ATP↑, 1,   MMP↑, 1,   PGC-1α↑, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

ACC↓, 1,   adiP↑, 1,   ALAT↓, 3,   AMPK↓, 1,   cMyc↓, 1,   FASN↓, 1,   glucose↓, 1,   LDH↓, 1,   LDL↓, 1,   NH3↓, 1,   SIRT1↑, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Akt↑, 1,   Apoptosis↓, 1,   BAX↓, 2,   Casp3↓, 3,   iNOS↓, 2,   iNOS↑, 2,   JNK↑, 1,   MAPK↑, 1,   necrosis↓, 1,  

Kinase & Signal Transduction ⓘ

SOX9↑, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

other↑, 2,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

ER Stress↓, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

DNAdam↓, 1,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ

cycD1/CCND1↓, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

Diff↑, 2,   EMT↓, 2,   FGF↑, 2,   HDAC↓, 1,   IGF-1↑, 1,   MSCs↑, 1,   p‑mTOR↓, 1,   p‑mTOR↑, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

AP-1↓, 1,   ARG↑, 1,   Ca+2↑, 1,   Cartilage↑, 1,   COL1↓, 1,   COL2A1↑, 1,   COL3A1↓, 1,   E-cadherin↑, 1,   Fibronectin↓, 1,   MMP2↓, 1,   MMP2↑, 1,   MMP7↓, 1,   MMP9↓, 4,   SMAD3↓, 1,   Smad7↑, 1,   TGF-β↓, 13,   TGF-β↑, 7,   TIMP1↓, 2,   TumCI↓, 1,   TumCP↓, 1,   Vim↓, 1,   α-SMA↓, 4,   α-SMA↝, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

angioG↑, 2,   angioG↝, 1,   LOX1↓, 1,   NO↓, 1,   NO↑, 1,   PDGFR-BB↑, 1,   VEGF↓, 2,   VEGF↑, 2,  

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

BBB↝, 2,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

COX1↓, 1,   COX2↓, 5,   CRP↓, 2,   IFN-γ↑, 1,   IL10↓, 1,   IL10↑, 5,   IL12↓, 1,   IL1β↓, 7,   IL2↑, 1,   IL4↑, 2,   IL5↓, 1,   IL6↓, 6,   IL6↑, 1,   IL8↓, 3,   Inflam↓, 16,   IκB↑, 1,   MCP1↑, 1,   MyD88↓, 1,   NF-kB↓, 9,   PGE2↓, 3,   PGE2↑, 1,   TLR2↓, 1,   TLR4↓, 3,   TNF-α↓, 8,   TRIF↓, 1,  

Synaptic & Neurotransmission ⓘ

AChE↓, 2,   monoA↑, 1,  

Protein Aggregation ⓘ

Aβ↓, 2,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↓, 1,   BioAv↑, 1,   BioAv↝, 1,   BioEnh↑, 1,   Dose↝, 1,   eff↓, 1,   eff↑, 1,   selectivity↑, 1,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

ALAT↓, 3,   Albumin↑, 1,   AST↓, 4,   BG↓, 1,   CRP↓, 2,   HbA1c↓, 1,   IL6↓, 6,   IL6↑, 1,   LDH↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 2,   cardioP↑, 3,   chemoP↑, 1,   cognitive↑, 1,   hepatoP↑, 3,   memory↑, 1,   neuroP↑, 5,   Pain↓, 1,   QoL↑, 1,   radioP↑, 1,   RenoP↑, 1,   toxicity∅, 2,   Weight∅, 1,  

Infection & Microbiome ⓘ

IRF3↓, 1,   Sepsis↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 155

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: TGF-β, transforming growth factor-beta
8 Curcumin
6 Magnetic Fields
6 Thymoquinone
5 Artemisinin
5 Ellagic acid
5 Quercetin
3 Apigenin (mainly Parsley)
3 Baicalein
3 Emodin
3 Garcinol
3 Propolis -bee glue
3 Resveratrol
3 Silymarin (Milk Thistle) silibinin
3 Shikonin
2 Allicin (mainly Garlic)
2 Ashwagandha(Withaferin A)
2 Berberine
2 Radiotherapy/Radiation
2 Piperine
2 EGCG (Epigallocatechin Gallate)
2 HydroxyTyrosol
2 Magnetic Field Rotating
1 3-bromopyruvate
1 Silver-NanoParticles
1 Alpha-Lipoic-Acid
1 Andrographis
1 Berbamine
1 Betulinic acid
1 Boron
1 Caffeine
1 Celecoxib
1 Copper and Cu NanoParticles
1 Oxaliplatin
1 Gemcitabine (Gemzar)
1 Docetaxel
1 Fisetin
1 Shilajit/Fulvic Acid
1 Cisplatin
1 Paclitaxel
1 Ginkgo biloba
1 Gossypol
1 Hydroxycinnamic-acid
1 Lactoferrin
1 methotrexate
1 Luteolin
1 Bortezomib
1 Magnolol
1 MCToil
1 Metformin
1 Naringin
1 Phenylbutyrate
1 Rosmarinic acid
1 Selenium
1 Salvia miltiorrhiza
1 doxorubicin
1 Ursolic acid
1 Vitamin B5,Pantothenic Acid
1 Vitamin D3
1 Vitamin K2
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:304  State#:%  Dir#:%
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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