COX2 Cancer Research Results

COX2, cycloocygenase-2 (Cox-2) mRNA and Cox-2 protein: Click to Expand ⟱
Source: HalifaxProj(inhibit)
Type:
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is an enzyme that plays a critical role in the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins, which are lipid compounds involved in various physiological processes, including inflammation, pain, and fever. COX-2 is an inducible enzyme, meaning its expression is typically low in normal tissues but can be upregulated in response to inflammatory stimuli, growth factors, and certain oncogenic signals.
-Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), the rate-limiting enzyme in prostaglandin biosynthesis, plays a key role in inflammation and circulatory homeostasis.
-COX-2 is an inducible enzyme that is upregulated in response to pro-inflammatory signals, including cytokines (e.g., IL-1β, TNF-α) and growth factors.

COX-2 is often overexpressed in various tumors, including colorectal, breast, lung, and prostate cancers.
The prostaglandins produced by COX-2, particularly prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), have several effects that can facilitate cancer progression:
Cell Proliferation: PGE2 can promote the proliferation of cancer cells by activating signaling pathways such as the PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways.
Nonselective NSAIDs, such as aspirin and ibuprofen, inhibit both COX-1 and COX-2. Epidemiological studies have suggested that regular use of NSAIDs may reduce the risk of certain cancers, particularly colorectal cancer.
Drugs specifically targeting COX-2, such as celecoxib, have been developed.

COX-2 and xanthine oxidase are ROS-producing pro-oxidant enzymes that contribute to inflammation. Elevated COX‑2 levels, often found in inflammatory conditions or certain types of cancers, can contribute to increased production of ROS.
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
5631- BCA,    Perspectives Regarding the Role of Biochanin A in Humans
- Review, Var, NA - Review, AD, NA
*BioAv↓, *Inflam↓, AntiCan↑, *neuroP↑, chemoPv↑, Dose↝, *SOD↑, *MDA↓, *BAX↓, *HSP70/HSPA5↑, *AntiDiabetic↑, *Insulin↑, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *iNOS↓, *COX2↓, *MMP9↓, *ROS↓, *PGE2↓, *BACE↓, *BioAv↑, P-gp⇅,
6513- BCP,    β-Caryophyllene oxide potentiates TNFα-induced apoptosis and inhibits invasion through down-modulation of NF-κB-regulated gene products
Apoptosis↑, TumCG↓, TumMeta↓, STAT3↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, mTOR↓, ChemoSen↑, IAP1↓, IAP2↓, Bcl-2↓, Bcl-xL↓, survivin↓, COX2↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, cMyc↓, TumCI↓, MMP9↓, ICAM-1↓, angioG↓, VEGF↓, NF-kB↓,
6519- BCP,    beta-Caryophyllene: A Sesquiterpene with Countless Biological Properties
- Review, Nor, NA
*CB2 / CNR2↑, *Inflam↓, *iNOS↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *TNF-α↓, *NF-kB↓, *COX1↓, *COX2↓, *PPARα↑, *PPARγ↑, *BioEnh↑,
6515- BCP,  Xan,    Advancing Brain Health Naturally: β-Caryophyllene and Xanthohumol as Neuroprotective Agents
- Review, AD, NA
*neuroP↑, *BioAv↝, *CB2 / CNR2↑, *Inflam↓, *iNOS↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *TNF-α↓, *NF-kB↓, *COX1↓, *COX2↓, *PPARα↑, *PPARγ↑, *ROS↓, *tau↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *AChE↓, *BChE↓, *BioAv↓,
6511- BCP,    Improvement of Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction by β-Caryophyllene: A Focus on the Nervous System
- Review, AD, NA
*CB2 / CNR2↑, *Bacteria↓, *antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *NP/CIPN↓, *neuroP↑, AntiCan↑, *ROS↓, *mtDam↓, *GSH↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *lipid-P↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *TNF-α↓, *COX2↓, *iNOS↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *AChE↓,
6499- BCP,    JAK1/STAT3 regulatory effect of β-caryophyllene on MG-63 osteosarcoma cells via ROS-induced apoptotic mitochondrial pathway by DNA fragmentation
- in-vitro, OS, MG63
ROS↑, Apoptosis↑, TumCP↓, BAX↑, Casp3↑, Bcl-2↓, MMP↓, DNAdam↑, TNF-α↓, COX2↓, NF-kB↓, IL6↓, Inflam↓, JAK1↑, STAT3↑,
6501- BCP,    β-Caryophyllene promotes oxidative stress and apoptosis in KB cells through activation of mitochondrial-mediated pathway - An in-vitro and in-silico study
- in-vitro, Oral, KB
TumCG↓, Apoptosis↑, TumMeta↓, NF-kB↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, ROS↑, MMP↓, DNAdam↑, BAX↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, Bcl-2↓, PCNA↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, TNF-α↓, COX2↓, iNOS↓, IL6↓, VEGF↓,
6496- BCP,    β-Caryophyllene Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits Angiogenesis in Colorectal Cancer Models
- vitro+vivo, CRC, HCT116 - in-vitro, Nor, HUVECs
angioG↓, VEGF↓, TumVol↓, Apoptosis↑, HSPD1 / HSP60↓, HTRA↓, survivin↓, XIAP↓, P21↑, *toxicity↓, *neuroP↑, *ROS↓, *COX2↓, *Inflam↓, *cardioP↑, AntiCan↑, ChemoSen↑, ROS↑, MMP↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, TumCG↓,
6510- BCP,  CBD,    Cannabidiol and Beta-Caryophyllene Combination Attenuates Diabetic Neuropathy by Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome/NFκB through the AMPK/sirT3/Nrf2 Axis
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*MMP↓, *ROS↑, *BloodF↑, *Pain↓, *antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *AMPK↑, *SIRT3↑, *NRF2↑, *PINK1↑, *PARK2↑, *LC3B↑, *Beclin-1↑, *TFAM↑, *NLRP3↓, *NF-kB↓, *COX2↓, *p62↓, *NP/CIPN↓,
2759- BetA,    Chemopreventive and Chemotherapeutic Potential of Betulin and Betulinic Acid: Mechanistic Insights From In Vitro, In Vivo and Clinical Studies
- Review, Var, NA
chemoPv↑, ChemoSen↑, *Inflam↓, *NRF2↑, *NF-kB↓, *COX2↓, ROS↑, MMP↓, Sp1/3/4↓, VEGF↓,
2760- BetA,    A Review on Preparation of Betulinic Acid and Its Biological Activities
- Review, Var, NA - Review, Stroke, NA
AntiTum↑, Cyt‑c↑, Smad1↑, Sepsis↓, NF-kB↓, ICAM-1↓, MCP1↓, MMP9↓, COX2↓, PGE2↓, ERK↓, p‑Akt↓, *ROS↓, *LDH↓, *hepatoP↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *GSH↑, *AST↓, *ALAT↓, *RenoP↑, *ROS↓, *α-SMA↓,
2749- BetA,    Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Betulinic Acid: A Review
- Review, Nor, NA
Inflam↓, *NO↓, *IL10↑, *ICAM-1↓, *VCAM-1↓, *E-sel↓, *NF-kB↓, *IKKα↓, *COX2↓, *PGE2↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *IL8↓, *IL12↓, *TNF-α↑, *HO-1↑, *IL10↑, *IL2↓, *IL17↓, *IFN-γ↓, *SOD↑, *GPx↑, *GSR↑, *MDA↓, *MAPK↓,
5728- BF,    Effects of bufalin on the proliferation of human lung cancer cells and its molecular mechanisms of action
- in-vitro, Lung, A549
TumCP↓, Apoptosis↑, TumCCA↑, Bcl-2↝, BAX↝, Cyt‑c↝, Casp3↝, PARP↝, P21↝, cycD1/CCND1↝, COX2↝, p‑VEGFR2↓, EGFR↓, Akt↓, NF-kB↓, p44↓,
5686- BJ,  BRU,    A review of Brucea javanica: metabolites, pharmacology and clinical application
- Review, Var, NA
AntiTum↑, other↝, ChemoSen↑, QoL↑, chemoP↑, *Inflam↓, NF-kB↓, TumCP↓, TumCI↓, TumMeta↓, Hif1a↓, NRF2↓, STAT3↓, COX2↓, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, ROS↑, EGFR↓, NRF2↑,
5680- BML,    Anticancer properties of bromelain: State-of-the-art and recent trends
- Review, Var, NA
*Inflam↓, *Bacteria↓, *Pain↓, *Diar↓, *Wound Healing↑, ERK↓, JNK↓, XIAP↓, HSP27↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, HO-1↓, lipid-P↓, ACSL4↑, ROS↑, SOD↑, Catalase↓, GSH↓, MDA↓, Casp3↓, Casp9↑, DNAdam↑, Apoptosis↑, NF-kB↓, P53↑, MAPK↓, APAF1↑, Cyt‑c↓, CD44↓, Imm↑, ATG5↑, LC3I↑, Beclin-1↑, IL2↓, IL4↓, IFN-γ↓, COX2↓, iNOS↓, ChemoSen↑, RadioS↑, Dose↝, other↓,
5677- BML,    Bromelain inhibits nuclear factor kappa-B translocation, driving human epidermoid carcinoma A431 and melanoma A375 cells through G(2)/M arrest to apoptosis
- in-vitro, Melanoma, A431 - in-vitro, Melanoma, A375
TumCP↓, Inflam↓, Akt↓, NF-kB↓, COX2↓, GSH↓, ROS↑, MMP↓, TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, ChemoSen↑,
5683- BML,    Bromelain inhibits COX-2 expression by blocking the activation of MAPK regulated NF-kappa B against skin tumor-initiation triggering mitochondrial death pathway
- in-vitro, NA, NA
COX2↓, MAPK↓, NF-kB↓, TumMeta↓, P53↑, BAX↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, Bcl-2↓, MAPK↓, ERK↓, Akt↓, TumVol↓,
3518- Bor,    Boron Report
- Review, Var, NA - Review, AD, NA
Risk↓, serineP↓, PSA↓, TumVol↓, IGF-1↓, *Mag↑, *Calcium↑, *VitD↑, *COX2↓, *5LO↓, *PGE2↓, *NF-kB↓, *cognitive↑,
3520- Bor,    Effect of boron element on photoaging in rats
- in-vivo, NA, NA
*hepatoP↑, *BMD↑, *COX2↓, *IL8↓, *NF-kB↓, *IL6↓, *TNF-α↓,
2776- Bos,    Anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities of frankincense: Targets, treatments and toxicities
- Review, Var, NA
*5LO↓, *TNF-α↓, *MMP3↓, *COX1↓, *COX2↓, *PGE2↓, *Th2↑, *Catalase↑, *SOD↑, *NO↑, *PGE2↑, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *Th1 response↓, *Th2↑, *iNOS↓, *NO↓, *p‑JNK↓, *p38↓, GutMicro↑, p‑Akt↓, GSK‐3β↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, Akt↓, STAT3↓, CSCs↓, AR↓, P21↑, DR5↑, CHOP↑, Casp3↑, Casp8↑, cl‑PARP↑, DNAdam↑, p‑RB1↓, FOXM1↓, TOP2↓, CDC25↓, p‑CDK1↓, p‑ERK↓, MMP9↓, VEGF↓, angioG↓, ROS↑, Cyt‑c↑, AIF↑, Diablo↑, survivin↓, ICAD↓, ChemoSen↑, SOX9↓, ER Stress↑, GRP78/BiP↑, cal2↓, AMPK↓, mTOR↓, ROS↓,
2775- Bos,    The journey of boswellic acids from synthesis to pharmacological activities
- Review, Var, NA - Review, AD, NA - Review, PSA, NA
ROS↑, ER Stress↑, TumCG↓, Apoptosis↑, Inflam↓, ChemoSen↑, Casp↑, ERK↓, cl‑PARP↑, AR↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, VEGFR2↓, CXCR4↓, radioP↑, NF-kB↓, VEGF↓, P21↑, Wnt↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, Cyt‑c↑, MMP2↓, MMP1↓, MMP9↓, PI3K↓, MAPK↓, JNK↑, *5LO↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *MDA↓, *SOD↑, *hepatoP↑, *ALAT↓, *AST↓, *LDH↑, *CRP↓, *COX2↓, *GSH↑, *ROS↓, *Imm↑, *Dose↝, *eff↑, *neuroP↑, *cognitive↑, *IL6↓, *TNF-α↓,
2767- Bos,    The potential role of boswellic acids in cancer prevention and treatment
- Review, Var, NA
*Inflam↓, AntiCan↑, *MAPK↑, *Ca+2↝, p‑ERK↓, TumCI↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, cycE/CCNE↓, CDK2↓, CDK4↓, p‑RB1↓, *NF-kB↓, *TNF-α↓, NF-kB↓, IKKα↓, MCP1↓, IL1α↓, MIP2↓, VEGF↓, Tf↓, COX2↓, MMP9↓, CXCR4↓, VEGF↓, eff↑, PPARα↓, lipid-P?, STAT3↓, TOP1↓, TOP2↑, 5HT↓, p‑PDGFR-BB↓, PDGF↓, AR↓, DR5↑, angioG↓, DR4↑, Casp3↑, Casp8↑, cl‑PARP↑, eff↑, chemoPv↑, Wnt↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, ascitic↓, Let-7↑, miR-200b↑, eff↑, MMP1↓, MMP2↓, eff↑, BioAv↓, BioAv↑, Half-Life↓, toxicity↓, Dose↑, BioAv↑, ChemoSen↑,
2768- Bos,    Boswellic acids as promising agents for the management of brain diseases
- Review, Var, NA - Review, AD, NA - Review, Park, NA
*neuroP↑, *ROS↓, *cognitive↓, TumCP↓, TumCMig↓, TumMeta↓, angioG↓, Apoptosis↑, *Inflam↓, IL1↓, IL2↓, IL4↓, IL6↓, TNF-α↓, P53↑, Akt↓, NF-kB↓, DNAdam↑, Casp↑, COX2↓, MMP9↓, CXCR4↓, VEGF↓, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *GPx↑, *NRF2↑,
2773- Bos,    Targeted inhibition of tumor proliferation, survival, and metastasis by pentacyclic triterpenoids: Potential role in prevention and therapy of cancer
- Review, Var, NA
Inflam↓, TumCCA↑, Casp3↑, Casp8↑, Casp9↑, STAT3↑, SHP1↓, NF-kB↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, COX2↓, Ki-67↓, CD31↓, IAP1↓, MMPs↓, Bcl-2↓, Bcl-xL↓,
1169- Bos,    Boswellic Acid Inhibits Growth and Metastasis of Human Colorectal Cancer in Orthotopic Mouse Model By Downregulating Inflammatory, Proliferative, Invasive, and Angiogenic Biomarkers
- in-vivo, CRC, NA
TumCG↓, TumVol↓, Weight∅, ascitic↓, TumMeta↓, Ki-67↓, CD31↓, NF-kB↓, COX2↓, Bcl-2↓, Bcl-xL↓, IAP1↓, survivin↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, ICAM-1↓, MMP9↓, CXCR4↓, VEGF↓,
1417- Bos,    Potential complementary and/or synergistic effects of curcumin and boswellic acids for management of osteoarthritis
- Review, Arthritis, NA
5LO↓, COX2↓, PGE2↓,
1420- Bos,    Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of gastric cancer cells through the phosphatase and tensin homolog /Akt/ cyclooxygenase-2 signaling pathway
- vitro+vivo, GC, BGC-823
TumCP↓, TumCG↓, PTEN↑, BAX↑, Bcl-2↓, p‑Akt↓, COX2↓,
1416- Bos,    Anti-cancer properties of boswellic acids: mechanism of action as anti-cancerous agent
- Review, NA, NA
5LO↓, TumCCA↑, LC3B↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, Glycolysis↓, AMPK↑, mTOR↓, Let-7↑, COX2↓, VEGF↓, CXCR4↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, HIF-1↓, angioG↓, TumCP↓, TumCMig↓, NF-kB↓,
5705- Brut,    A flavonoid-rich extract from bergamot juice prevents carcinogenesis in a genetic model of colorectal cancer, the Pirc rat (F344/NTac-Apcam1137)
- in-vivo, CRC, NA
Risk↓, TumMeta↓, Apoptosis↑, COX2↓, iNOS↓, IL1β↓, IL6↓, IL10↓, P53↑, P21↓, survivin↓, chemoPv↑, *Inflam↓,
6542- BSB,    Health Benefits, Pharmacological Effects, Molecular Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Potential of α-Bisabolol
- Review, Var, NA - Review, Park, NA - Review, AD, NA
AntiCan↑, *neuroP↑, *cardioP↑, *AntiBio↑, *BioAv↑, *toxicity↓, *BioAv↑, *motorD↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *Keap1↑, *MDA↓, *GSH↑, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *TNF-α↓, *iNOS↓, *COX2↓, *lipid-P↓, *Cyt‑c↓, *ROS↓, *MMP↑, *antiOx↑, *AChE↓, *Apoptosis↓, *BAX↓, *Casp3↓, *Bcl-2↑, *BACE↓, *BChE↓, *eff↑, *Aβ↓, *ATP↑, RadioS↑, Cyt‑c↑, Casp3↑, Casp8↑, Casp9↑, Apoptosis↑, PARP↑, BAX↑, BID↑, NF-kB↑, Fas↑, EGFR↑, TIMP2↑, XIAP↓, COX2↓, Bak↓, Bcl-2↓, P53↑, HER2/EBBR2↓, FGF↓, CEA↓, Akt↓, TumCCA↑, *Imm↑, *CD4+↑, *CD8+↑, *BBB↑, *Pain↓, *cardioP↑, *TBARS↓, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *GSH↑, *AntiBio↑, *AntiFungal↑, *GastroP↑, *RenoP↑, *creat↓, *uricA↓, *Inflam↓, *iNOS↓, *COX2↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL6↑, *MMP13↓,
6553- BSB,    Pharmacological and biological effects of alpha-bisabolol: An updated review of the molecular mechanisms
- Review, Nor, NA
*ROS↓, *Inflam↓, *Inf↓, *neuroP↑, *RNS↓, *MDA↓, *GSH↑, *MPO↓, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *Bcl-2↑, *BAX↓, *P53↓, *APAF1↓, *Casp3↓, *Casp9↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *iNOS↓, *COX2↓, *ERK↓, *JNK↓, *NF-kB↓, *p38↓, *cognitive↑, *BChE↓,
6557- BSB,    Alpha-bisabolol protects against neonatal asthma by suppressing airway inflammatory signaling
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*ROS↓, *Inflam↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *IL8↓, *IL17↓, *CXCR4↓, *COX2↓, *TLR4↓, *NO↓, *MDA↓, *XO↓,
5740- Buty,    A Review of Nutritional Regulation of Intestinal Butyrate Synthesis: Interactions Between Dietary Polysaccharides and Proteins
- Review, RCC, NA
*eff↓, Dose↝, eff↑, HDAC↓, ac‑H3↓, ac‑H4↓, *HCAR2↑, *Inflam↓, *ROS↓, *NRF2↑, *GSH↑, *CLDN1↑, *ZO-1↑, IL1β↓, IL6↓, COX2↓, eff↝, eff↑, other↝,
5739- Buty,    Butyrate as a promising therapeutic target in cancer: From pathogenesis to clinic (Review)
- Review, Var, NA
GutMicro↑, *Inflam↓, *IL6↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL17↓, *IL10↑, *ROS↝, COX2↓, NLRP3↓, Imm↑, HDAC↓, TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, ROS↑, Casp↑, mtDam↑, Cyt‑c↑, eff↑, chemoP↑, ChemoSen↑, eff↑, RadioS↑, HCAR2↑,
1080- Buty,    Butyrate suppresses Cox-2 activation in colon cancer cells through HDAC inhibition
- in-vitro, CRC, HT-29
HDAC↓, TNF-α↓, COX2↓,
1652- CA,    Caffeic Acid and Diseases—Mechanisms of Action
- Review, Var, NA
Dose∅, ROS⇅, NF-kB↓, STAT3↓, VEGF↓, MMP9↓, HSP70/HSPA5↑, AST↝, ALAT↝, ALP↝, Hif1a↓, IL6↓, IGF-1R↓, P21↑, iNOS↓, ERK↓, Snail↓, BID↑, BAX↑, Casp3↑, Casp7↑, Casp9↑, cycD1/CCND1↓, Vim↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, COX2↓, ROS↑,
1650- CA,    Adjuvant Properties of Caffeic Acid in Cancer Treatment
- Review, Var, NA
ROS↑, antiOx↑, Inflam↓, AntiCan↑, NF-kB↓, STAT3↓, ERK↓, ChemoSen↑, RadioS↑, AMPK↑, eff↑, selectivity↑, COX2↓, Dose∅, PHDs↓, MMP9↓, MMP2↓, Dose∅, Dose∅, Ca+2↑, Dose?, MMP↓, RadioS↑,
5868- CA,    Carnosic acid inhibits the proliferation and migration capacity of human colorectal cancer cells
- in-vitro, Colon, Caco-2 - in-vitro, Colon, HT29 - in-vitro, CRC, LoVo
Apoptosis↑, TumCMig↓, uPA↓, MMPs↓, COX2↓, TumCA↓, MMP9↓, MMP2↓, chemoPv↑,
4263- CA,    Neuroprotective Effects of Carnosic Acid: Insight into Its Mechanisms of Action
- Review, AD, NA
*neuroP↑, *ROS↓, *NO↓, *COX2↓, *MAPK↓, *NRF2↑, *GSH↑, *HO-1↑, *5HT↑, *BDNF↑, *PI3K↑, *Akt↑, *NF-kB↑, *BBB↑, *SIRT1↑, *memory↑, *Aβ↓, *NLRP3↓,
5847- CAP,    An updated review on molecular mechanisms underlying the anticancer effects of capsaicin
- in-vitro, Liver, HepG2
HO-1↑, ROS↑, NRF2↑, *lipid-P↓, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *GPx↑, *GSR↑, *PGE2↓, *COX2↓, *iNOS↓, TumCP↓, TumCCA↑, cycE/CCNE↓, CDK4↓, MMP↓, P53↑, P21↑, BAX↑, SIRT1↑, angioG↓, P-gp↓, ChemoSen↑,
2347- CAP,    Capsaicin ameliorates inflammation in a TRPV1-independent mechanism by inhibiting PKM2-LDHA-mediated Warburg effect in sepsis
- in-vivo, Nor, NA - in-vitro, Nor, RAW264.7
*PKM2↓, *LDHA↓, *Warburg↓, *COX2↓, *Sepsis↓, *Inflam↓, *ECAR↓, *OCR↑,
2348- CAP,    Recent advances in analysis of capsaicin and its effects on metabolic pathways by mass spectrometry
- Analysis, Nor, NA
Warburg↓, *PKM2↓, *COX2↓, *Inflam↓, *Sepsis↓, *AMPK↑, *PKA↑, *mitResp↑, *FAO↑, *FASN↓, *PGM1?, *ATP↑, *ROS↓,
2019- CAP,    Capsaicin: A Two-Decade Systematic Review of Global Research Output and Recent Advances Against Human Cancer
- Review, Var, NA
chemoPv↑, Ca+2↑, antiOx↑, *ROS↓, *MMP∅, *Cyt‑c∅, *Casp3∅, *eff↑, *Inflam↓, *NF-kB↓, *COX2↓, iNOS↓, TRPV1↑, i-Ca+2?, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, P53↑, JNK↑, PI3K↓, Akt↓, mTOR↓, LC3II↑, ATG5↑, p62↑, Fap1↓, Casp3↑, Apoptosis↑, ROS↑, MMP9↓, eff↑, eff↓, eff↑, selectivity↑, eff↑, ChemoSen↑,
5767- CAPE,    Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester Is a Potential Therapeutic Agent for Oral Cancer
- Review, Oral, NA
TumCP↓, tumCV↓, TumMeta↓, Akt↓, NF-kB↓, MMPs↓, EGFR↓, COX2↓, TumCCA?,
5758- CAPE,  PBG,    Caffeic acid phenethyl ester and therapeutic potentials
- Review, Var, NA
*antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, ChemoSen↑, chemoP↑, COX1↓, COX2↓, selectivity↑, NF-kB↓, RadioS↑, *ROS↓, *lipid-P↓,
5757- CAPE,    Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE): pharmacodynamics and potential for therapeutic application
- Review, Nor, NA
*NF-kB↓, NF-kB↓, P53↑, FOXO↑, Wnt↓, TumCI↓, *HO-1↑, MMP9↓, MMP2↓, COX1↓, COX2↓, 5LO↓,
5881- CAR,    Carvacrol—A Natural Phenolic Compound with Antimicrobial Properties
- Review, Nor, NA
*Bacteria↓, *Inflam↓, *SOD↑, *GPx↑, *GSR↑, *Catalase↑, *toxicity↓, *Pain↓, *other↑, *cardioP↑, *RenoP↑, *neuroP↑, *antiOx↑, *AntiDiabetic↑, *hepatoP↑, *Obesity↓, *AntiAg↑, *BioAv↓, BioAv↝, *OS↑, MMP↓, ROS↑, *MDA↓, *lipid-P↓, *COX2↓, *Dose↝,
5888- CAR,    Therapeutic application of carvacrol: A comprehensive review
- Review, Var, NA - Review, Stroke, NA - Review, Diabetic, NA - Review, Park, NA
*antiOx↑, *AntiCan↑, *AntiDiabetic↑, *cardioP↑, *Obesity↓, *hepatoP↑, *AntiAg↑, *Bacteria↓, *Imm↑, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, Apoptosis↓, MMP↓, ERK↓, PI3K↓, ALAT↓, *ROS↓, *Catalase↑, *SOD↑, *GPx↑, *AST↓, *LDH↓, *necrosis↓, ROS↑, TumCCA↑, CDK4↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, NOTCH↓, IL6↓, chemoP↑, *Pain↓, *neuroP↑, *TRPM7↓, *motorD↑, *NF-kB↓, *COX2↓, *MDA↓,
5899- CAR,  TV,    Evaluation of the Interaction between Carvacrol and Thymol, Major Compounds of Ptychotis verticillata Essential Oil: Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Anticancer Activities against Breast Cancer Lines
- in-vitro, BC, MCF-7 - in-vitro, BC, MDA-MB-231
eff↑, selectivity↑, BioAv↝, BBB↑, *toxicity↝, *antiOx↑, COX2↓, 5LO↓,
5894- CAR,    Targeting Gastrointestinal Cancers with Carvacrol: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Potential
- Review, Var, NA
AntiCan↑, Apoptosis↑, Inflam↓, angioG↓, TumMeta↓, selectivity↑, BioAv↑, ChemoSen↑, Dose↝, TumCP↓, hepatoP↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, Bcl-2↓, ROS↑, GSH↓, BAX↑, Casp7↑, Casp8↑, Cyt‑c↑, Fas↑, FADD↑, P53↑, Bcl-2↓, TumMeta↓, TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, E-cadherin↑, TIMP2↑, TIMP3↑, N-cadherin↓, ZEB2↓, *lipid-P↓, *AST↓, *ALAT↓, *ALP↓, *LDH↓, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *GPx↑, *GSR↑, selectivity↑, cl‑PARP↑, ERK↓, p38↑, OS↑, AFP↓, COX2↓, VEGF↓, PCNA↓, Ki-67↓, TNF-α↓, BioAv↓,

Showing Research Papers: 51 to 100 of 400
Prev Page 2 of 8 Next

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 400

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


NA, unassigned ⓘ

HSPD1 / HSP60↓, 1,   HTRA↓, 1,  

Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

antiOx↑, 2,   Catalase↓, 1,   GSH↓, 3,   HO-1↓, 1,   HO-1↑, 1,   lipid-P?, 1,   lipid-P↓, 1,   MDA↓, 1,   NRF2↓, 1,   NRF2↑, 2,   ROS↓, 1,   ROS↑, 17,   ROS⇅, 1,   SOD↑, 1,  

Metal & Cofactor Biology ⓘ

Tf↓, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

AIF↑, 1,   CDC25↓, 1,   MMP↓, 9,   MMP↑, 1,   mtDam↑, 1,   XIAP↓, 3,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

ACSL4↑, 1,   ALAT↓, 1,   ALAT↝, 1,   AMPK↓, 1,   AMPK↑, 2,   cMyc↓, 1,   Glycolysis↓, 1,   PPARα↓, 1,   SIRT1↑, 1,   Warburg↓, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Akt↓, 11,   p‑Akt↓, 3,   APAF1↑, 1,   Apoptosis↓, 1,   Apoptosis↑, 15,   Bak↓, 1,   BAX↑, 8,   BAX↝, 1,   Bax:Bcl2↑, 2,   Bcl-2↓, 10,   Bcl-2↝, 1,   Bcl-xL↓, 3,   BID↑, 2,   Casp↑, 3,   Casp3↓, 1,   Casp3↑, 11,   Casp3↝, 1,   Casp7↑, 2,   Casp8↑, 5,   Casp9↑, 8,   Cyt‑c↓, 1,   Cyt‑c↑, 7,   Cyt‑c↝, 1,   Diablo↑, 1,   DR4↑, 1,   DR5↑, 2,   FADD↑, 1,   Fap1↓, 1,   Fas↑, 2,   IAP1↓, 3,   IAP2↓, 1,   ICAD↓, 1,   iNOS↓, 5,   JNK↓, 1,   JNK↑, 2,   MAPK↓, 4,   p38↑, 1,   survivin↓, 5,   TRPV1↑, 1,  

Kinase & Signal Transduction ⓘ

HCAR2↑, 1,   HER2/EBBR2↓, 1,   SOX9↓, 1,   Sp1/3/4↓, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

ac‑H3↓, 1,   ac‑H4↓, 1,   other↓, 1,   other↝, 2,   tumCV↓, 1,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

CHOP↑, 1,   ER Stress↑, 2,   GRP78/BiP↑, 1,   HSP27↓, 1,   HSP70/HSPA5↑, 1,  

Autophagy & Lysosomes ⓘ

ATG5↑, 2,   Beclin-1↑, 1,   LC3B↓, 1,   LC3I↑, 1,   LC3II↑, 1,   p62↑, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

DNAdam↑, 5,   P53↑, 9,   PARP↑, 1,   PARP↝, 1,   cl‑PARP↑, 4,   PCNA↓, 2,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ

p‑CDK1↓, 1,   CDK2↓, 1,   CDK4↓, 3,   cycD1/CCND1↓, 9,   cycD1/CCND1↝, 1,   cycE/CCNE↓, 2,   P21↓, 1,   P21↑, 5,   P21↝, 1,   p‑RB1↓, 2,   TumCCA?, 1,   TumCCA↑, 8,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

CD44↓, 1,   CSCs↓, 1,   ERK↓, 8,   p‑ERK↓, 2,   FGF↓, 1,   FOXM1↓, 1,   FOXO↑, 1,   GSK‐3β↓, 1,   HDAC↓, 3,   IGF-1↓, 1,   IGF-1R↓, 1,   Let-7↑, 2,   mTOR↓, 4,   NOTCH↓, 1,   PI3K↓, 6,   PTEN↑, 1,   SHP1↓, 1,   STAT3↓, 6,   STAT3↑, 2,   TOP1↓, 1,   TOP2↓, 1,   TOP2↑, 1,   TumCG↓, 6,   Wnt↓, 3,  

Migration ⓘ

5LO↓, 4,   Ca+2↑, 2,   i-Ca+2?, 1,   cal2↓, 1,   CD31↓, 2,   CEA↓, 1,   E-cadherin↑, 1,   Ki-67↓, 3,   miR-200b↑, 1,   MMP1↓, 2,   MMP2↓, 7,   MMP9↓, 14,   MMPs↓, 3,   N-cadherin↓, 1,   p44↓, 1,   PDGF↓, 1,   serineP↓, 1,   Smad1↑, 1,   Snail↓, 1,   TIMP2↑, 2,   TIMP3↑, 1,   TumCA↓, 1,   TumCI↓, 5,   TumCMig↓, 4,   TumCP↓, 10,   TumMeta↓, 10,   uPA↓, 1,   Vim↓, 1,   ZEB2↓, 1,   β-catenin/ZEB1↓, 4,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

angioG↓, 8,   EGFR↓, 3,   EGFR↑, 1,   HIF-1↓, 1,   Hif1a↓, 2,   p‑PDGFR-BB↓, 1,   PHDs↓, 1,   VEGF↓, 13,   VEGFR2↓, 1,   p‑VEGFR2↓, 1,  

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

BBB↑, 1,   P-gp↓, 1,   P-gp⇅, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

COX1↓, 2,   COX2↓, 28,   COX2↝, 1,   CXCR4↓, 5,   HCAR2↑, 1,   ICAM-1↓, 3,   IFN-γ↓, 1,   IKKα↓, 1,   IL1↓, 1,   IL10↓, 1,   IL1α↓, 1,   IL1β↓, 2,   IL2↓, 2,   IL4↓, 2,   IL6↓, 7,   Imm↑, 2,   Inflam↓, 7,   JAK1↑, 1,   MCP1↓, 2,   MIP2↓, 1,   NF-kB↓, 20,   NF-kB↑, 1,   PGE2↓, 2,   PSA↓, 1,   TNF-α↓, 5,  

Synaptic & Neurotransmission ⓘ

5HT↓, 1,  

Protein Aggregation ⓘ

NLRP3↓, 1,  

Hormonal & Nuclear Receptors ⓘ

AR↓, 3,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↓, 2,   BioAv↑, 3,   BioAv↝, 2,   ChemoSen↑, 15,   Dose?, 1,   Dose↑, 1,   Dose↝, 4,   Dose∅, 4,   eff↓, 1,   eff↑, 13,   eff↝, 1,   Half-Life↓, 1,   RadioS↑, 6,   selectivity↑, 6,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

AFP↓, 1,   ALAT↓, 1,   ALAT↝, 1,   ALP↝, 1,   AR↓, 3,   ascitic↓, 2,   AST↝, 1,   CEA↓, 1,   EGFR↓, 3,   EGFR↑, 1,   FOXM1↓, 1,   GutMicro↑, 2,   HER2/EBBR2↓, 1,   IL6↓, 7,   Ki-67↓, 3,   PSA↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 7,   AntiTum↑, 2,   chemoP↑, 4,   chemoPv↑, 6,   hepatoP↑, 1,   OS↑, 1,   QoL↑, 1,   radioP↑, 1,   Risk↓, 2,   toxicity↓, 1,   TumVol↓, 4,   Weight∅, 1,  

Infection & Microbiome ⓘ

Sepsis↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 248

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


NA, unassigned ⓘ

AntiBio↑, 2,   CB2 / CNR2↑, 3,   TFAM↑, 1,  

Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

antiOx↑, 7,   Catalase↑, 11,   GPx↑, 6,   GSH↑, 8,   GSR↑, 4,   HO-1↑, 6,   Keap1↑, 1,   lipid-P↓, 6,   MDA↓, 8,   MPO↓, 1,   NRF2↑, 8,   PARK2↑, 1,   RNS↓, 1,   ROS↓, 17,   ROS↑, 1,   ROS↝, 1,   SIRT3↑, 1,   SOD↑, 14,   TBARS↓, 1,   uricA↓, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

ATP↑, 2,   Insulin↑, 1,   mitResp↑, 1,   MMP↓, 1,   MMP↑, 1,   MMP∅, 1,   mtDam↓, 1,   OCR↑, 1,   PINK1↑, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

ALAT↓, 3,   AMPK↑, 2,   ECAR↓, 1,   FAO↑, 1,   FASN↓, 1,   LDH↓, 3,   LDH↑, 1,   LDHA↓, 1,   PGM1?, 1,   PKM2↓, 2,   PPARα↑, 2,   PPARγ↑, 2,   SIRT1↑, 1,   Warburg↓, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Akt↑, 1,   APAF1↓, 1,   Apoptosis↓, 1,   BAX↓, 3,   Bcl-2↑, 2,   Casp3↓, 2,   Casp3∅, 1,   Casp9↓, 1,   Cyt‑c↓, 1,   Cyt‑c∅, 1,   iNOS↓, 9,   JNK↓, 1,   p‑JNK↓, 1,   MAPK↓, 2,   MAPK↑, 1,   necrosis↓, 1,   p38↓, 2,  

Kinase & Signal Transduction ⓘ

HCAR2↑, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

other↑, 1,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

HSP70/HSPA5↑, 1,  

Autophagy & Lysosomes ⓘ

Beclin-1↑, 1,   LC3B↑, 1,   p62↓, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

P53↓, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

ERK↓, 1,   PI3K↑, 1,   TRPM7↓, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

5LO↓, 3,   AntiAg↑, 2,   Ca+2↝, 1,   CLDN1↑, 1,   E-sel↓, 1,   MMP13↓, 1,   MMP3↓, 1,   MMP9↓, 1,   PKA↑, 1,   VCAM-1↓, 1,   ZO-1↑, 1,   α-SMA↓, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

NO↓, 4,   NO↑, 1,  

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

BBB↑, 2,   GastroP↑, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

CD4+↑, 1,   COX1↓, 3,   COX2↓, 23,   CRP↓, 1,   CXCR4↓, 1,   HCAR2↑, 1,   ICAM-1↓, 1,   IFN-γ↓, 1,   IKKα↓, 1,   IL10↑, 3,   IL12↓, 1,   IL17↓, 3,   IL1β↓, 9,   IL2↓, 1,   IL6↓, 12,   IL6↑, 1,   IL8↓, 3,   Imm↑, 3,   Inflam↓, 22,   NF-kB↓, 12,   NF-kB↑, 1,   PGE2↓, 5,   PGE2↑, 1,   Th1 response↓, 1,   Th2↑, 2,   TLR4↓, 1,   TNF-α↓, 12,   TNF-α↑, 1,   VitD↑, 1,  

Synaptic & Neurotransmission ⓘ

5HT↑, 1,   AChE↓, 3,   BChE↓, 3,   BDNF↑, 1,   tau↓, 1,  

Protein Aggregation ⓘ

Aβ↓, 2,   BACE↓, 2,   NLRP3↓, 2,   XO↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↓, 3,   BioAv↑, 3,   BioAv↝, 1,   BioEnh↑, 1,   Dose↝, 2,   eff↓, 1,   eff↑, 3,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

ALAT↓, 3,   ALP↓, 1,   AST↓, 4,   BloodF↑, 1,   BMD↑, 1,   Calcium↑, 1,   creat↓, 1,   CRP↓, 1,   IL6↓, 12,   IL6↑, 1,   LDH↓, 3,   LDH↑, 1,   Mag↑, 1,   VitD↑, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 1,   AntiDiabetic↑, 3,   cardioP↑, 5,   cognitive↓, 1,   cognitive↑, 3,   hepatoP↑, 5,   memory↑, 1,   motorD↑, 2,   neuroP↑, 11,   NP/CIPN↓, 2,   Obesity↓, 2,   OS↑, 1,   Pain↓, 5,   RenoP↑, 3,   toxicity↓, 3,   toxicity↝, 1,   Wound Healing↑, 1,  

Infection & Microbiome ⓘ

AntiFungal↑, 1,   Bacteria↓, 4,   CD8+↑, 1,   Diar↓, 1,   Inf↓, 1,   Sepsis↓, 2,  
Total Targets: 171

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: COX2, cycloocygenase-2 (Cox-2) mRNA and Cox-2 protein
28 Curcumin
24 Thymoquinone
19 Quercetin
18 Resveratrol
12 Fisetin
12 Lycopene
11 Chrysin
11 Silymarin (Milk Thistle) silibinin
10 Propolis -bee glue
10 Celecoxib
9 Apigenin (mainly Parsley)
9 Boswellia (frankincense)
9 Carvacrol
9 Eugenol
9 Sulforaphane (mainly Broccoli)
8 Berberine
8 Beta-Caryophyllene
7 Artemisinin
7 Honokiol
7 Rosmarinic acid
6 Chlorogenic acid
6 EGCG (Epigallocatechin Gallate)
5 Radiotherapy/Radiation
5 Baicalein
5 Ellagic acid
5 Ferulic acid
5 Piperine
4 Aspirin
4 Ashwagandha(Withaferin A)
4 Capsaicin
4 Cisplatin
4 Shikonin
4 Urolithin
3 Silver-NanoParticles
3 Alpha-Lipoic-Acid
3 Betulinic acid
3 Bromelain
3 α-Bisabolol / Chamomile oil
3 Butyrate
3 Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE)
3 Chemotherapy
3 D-limonene
3 Dandelion Root
3 Luteolin
3 Magnetic Fields
3 Phenethyl isothiocyanate
3 Pterostilbene
2 acetaminophen
2 Allicin (mainly Garlic)
2 alpha Linolenic acid
2 Andrographis
2 Baicalin
2 xanthohumol
2 Cannabidiol
2 Boron
2 Caffeic acid
2 Carnosic acid
2 Thymol-Thymus vulgaris
2 Chocolate
2 Crocetin
2 Ursolic acid
2 CUSP9
2 Garcinol
2 Geraniol
2 Hydroxycinnamic-acid
2 Magnolol
2 Naringin
2 Oleuropein
2 Oleocanthal
2 Piperlongumine
2 Rutin
2 Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
2 Vitamin K2
1 1,8-Cineole
1 Auranofin
1 Aloe anthraquinones
1 Biochanin A
1 Bufalin/Huachansu
1 Brucea javanica
1 brusatol
1 Bruteridin(bergamot juice)
1 Cynanbungeigenin C (CBC) and D (CBD)
1 cannabidiolic acid
1 Celastrol
1 Cinnamon
1 Cucurbitacin
1 Galantamine
1 Lecithin
1 Oxygen, Hyperbaric
1 Docetaxel
1 Ginger/6-Shogaol/Gingerol
1 Docosahexaenoic Acid
1 eicosapentaenoic acid
1 Evodiamine
1 Exercise
1 Shilajit/Fulvic Acid
1 Gambogic Acid
1 Paclitaxel
1 γ-linolenic acid (Borage Oil)
1 Grapeseed extract
1 Proanthocyanidins
1 Hydrogen Gas
1 IP6 (Inosital 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakisphosphate)
1 Laetrile B17 Amygdalin
1 Licorice
1 5-fluorouracil
1 Melatonin
1 Metformin
1 Magnetic Field Rotating
1 Methylsulfonylmethane
1 Mushroom Lion’s Mane
1 Myricetin
1 Nimbolide
1 Kaempferol
1 Perilla
1 Germacranolide
1 Salvia officinalis
1 Sanguinarine
1 Sesame seeds and Oil
1 Aflavin-3,3′-digallate
1 doxorubicin
1 Turmerones
1 Vitamin B1/Thiamine
1 Whole Body Vibration
1 Wogonin
1 Zerumbone
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:66  State#:%  Dir#:%
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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