TrxR Cancer Research Results

TrxR, Thioredoxin Reductase: Click to Expand ⟱
Source:
Type:
TrxR is an enzyme that reduces Trx, allowing it to perform its reducing functions. It has been shown to have a role in cancer cell metabolism and survival.
TrxR is overexpressed in various types of cancer, including breast, lung, colon, and prostate cancer.

- Part of the thioredoxin system, which regulates reactive oxygen species (ROS).
- TrxR is a major antioxidant systems that maintains the intracellular redox homeostasis.
- Inhibition causes an increase in ROS.
- TrxR is often upregulated in cancer cells to help manage increased oxidative stress, it is seen as a potential therapeutic target. Inhibiting TrxR may result in increased ROS in cancer cells, pushing them toward apoptosis.
- TrxR is a selenoprotein—meaning it incorporates the trace element selenium in the form of the amino acid selenocysteine.

TrxR inhibitors:
-Piperlongumine
-Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha)
-Parthenolide
-EGCG
-Curcumin
-Myricetin
-Gambogic Acid
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
1904- GoldNP,  AgNPs,    Unveiling the Potential of Innovative Gold(I) and Silver(I) Selenourea Complexes as Anticancer Agents Targeting TrxR and Cellular Redox Homeostasis
- in-vitro, Lung, H157 - in-vitro, BC, MCF7 - in-vitro, Colon, HCT15 - in-vitro, Melanoma, A375
TrxR↓, selectivity↑, eff↑, eff↝, ROS↑, MMP↓, Apoptosis↑, eff↑,
8757- MeSA,    Methylseleninic acid (MSA) inhibits 17β-estradiol-induced cell growth in breast cancer T47D cells via enhancement of the antioxidative thioredoxin/ thioredoxin reductase system
- in-vitro, BC, T47D
ER-α36↓, TumCCA↑, Synergy↑, Trx↑, TrxR↑, ROS↓, other↝,
1998- Myr,  CUR,    Thioredoxin-dependent system. Application of inhibitors
- Review, Var, NA
TrxR↓, ROS↑,
1997- Myr,  QC,    Inhibition of Mammalian thioredoxin reductase by some flavonoids: implications for myricetin and quercetin anticancer activity
- in-vitro, Lung, A549
TrxR↓, eff↑, TumCCA↑, eff↓, ROS↑,
2649- PL,    Oxidative Stress Inducers in Cancer Therapy: Preclinical and Clinical Evidence
- Review, Var, NA
AntiCan↑, ROS↑, GSH↓, TrxR↓, Trx↓, Apoptosis↑, TumCCA↑, ER Stress↑, DNAdam↑, ChemoSen↑, BioAv↓,
2942- PL,    Piperlongumine increases sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to radiation: Involvement of ROS production via dual inhibition of glutathione and thioredoxin systems
- in-vitro, CRC, CT26 - in-vitro, CRC, DLD1 - in-vivo, CRC, CT26
ROS↑, GSH↓, TrxR↓, RadioS↑, DNAdam↑, TumCCA↑, mitResp↓, GSTs↓, OS↑,
2946- PL,    Piperlongumine, a potent anticancer phytotherapeutic: Perspectives on contemporary status and future possibilities as an anticancer agent
- Review, Var, NA
ROS↑, GSH↓, DNAdam↑, ChemoSen↑, RadioS↑, BioEnh↑, selectivity↑, BioAv↓, eff↑, p‑Akt↓, mTOR↓, GSK‐3β↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, HK2↓, Glycolysis↓, Cyt‑c↑, Casp9↑, Casp3↑, Casp7↑, cl‑PARP↑, TrxR↓, ER Stress↑, ATF4↝, CHOP/DDIT3↑, Prx4↑, NF-kB↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, CDK4↓, CDK6↓, p‑RB1↓, RAS↓, cMyc↓, TumCCA↑, selectivity↑, STAT3↓, NRF2↑, HO-1↑, PTEN↑, P-gp/ABCB1↓, MDR1↓, MRP1/ABCC1↓, survivin↓, Twist↓, AP-1↓, Sp1/3/4↓, STAT1↓, STAT6↓, SOX4↑, XBP-1↑, P21↑, eff↑, Inflam↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, IL6↓, MMP9↓, TumMeta↓, TumCI↓, ICAM-1↓, CXCR4↓, VEGF↓, angioG↓, Half-Life↝, BioAv↑,
2948- PL,    The promising potential of piperlongumine as an emerging therapeutics for cancer
- Review, Var, NA
tumCV↓, TumCP↓, TumCI↓, angioG↓, EMT↓, TumMeta↓, *hepatoP↑, *lipid-P↓, *GSH↑, cardioP↑, CycB/CCNB1↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, CDK2↓, CDK1↓, CDK4↓, CDK6↓, PCNA↓, Akt↓, mTOR↓, Glycolysis↓, NF-kB↓, IKKα↓, JAK1↓, JAK2↓, STAT3↓, ERK↓, cFos↓, Slug↓, E-cadherin↑, TOP2↓, P53↑, P21↑, Bcl-2↓, BAX↑, Casp3↑, Casp7↑, Casp8↑, p‑HER2/EBBR2↓, HO-1↑, NRF2↑, BIM↑, p‑FOXO3↓, Sp1/3/4↓, cMyc↓, EGFR↓, survivin↓, cMET↓, NQO1↑, SOD2↑, TrxR↓, MDM2↓, p‑eIF2α↑, ATF4↑, CHOP/DDIT3↑, MDA↑, Ki-67↓, MMP9↓, Twist↓, SOX2↓, Nanog↓, OCT4↓, N-cadherin↓, Vim↓, Snail↓, TumW↓, TumCG↓, HK2↓, RB1↓, IL6↓, IL8↓, SOD1↑, RadioS↑, ChemoSen↑, toxicity↓, Sp1/3/4↓, GSH↓, SOD↑,
2962- PL,    Synthesis of Piperlongumine Analogues and Discovery of Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2‑Related Factor 2 (Nrf2) Activators as Potential Neuroprotective Agents
- in-vitro, Nor, PC12
*GSH↑, *NQO1↑, *Trx↑, *TrxR↑, *NRF2↑, *NRF2⇅, *eff↑, *BioAv↑, *ROS↓,
1946- PL,  PI,    Piperlonguminine and Piperine Analogues as TrxR Inhibitors that Promote ROS and Autophagy and Regulate p38 and Akt/mTOR Signaling
- in-vitro, Liver, NA
eff↑, toxicity↓, TrxR↓, ROS↑, MMP↓, p38↑, Akt↓, mTOR↓,
1953- PL,    Designing piperlongumine-directed anticancer agents by an electrophilicity-based prooxidant strategy: A mechanistic investigation
- in-vitro, Lung, A549 - in-vitro, Nor, WI38
ROS↑, selectivity↑, TrxR↓, TumCCA↑, GSH?, H2O2↑,
1952- PL,  5-FU,    Piperlongumine induces ROS accumulation to reverse resistance of 5-FU in human colorectal cancer via targeting TrxR
- in-vivo, CRC, HCT8
ROS↑, TrxR↓, ChemoSen↑, p‑Akt↓,
1951- PL,    Piperlongumine Analogs Promote A549 Cell Apoptosis through Enhancing ROS Generation
- in-vitro, Lung, A549
ROS↑, lipid-P↑, MMP↓, TumCCA↑, TrxR↓, eff↑,
1949- PL,    Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of a novel indoleamine 2,3-dioxigenase 1 (IDO1) and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) dual inhibitor
- in-vitro, CRC, HCT116 - in-vitro, Cerv, HeLa
TrxR↓, selectivity↑, ROS↑, IDO1↓,
2651- PLB,    Oxidative Stress Inducers in Cancer Therapy: Preclinical and Clinical Evidence
- Review, Var, NA
ROS↑, TrxR↓, GSR↓, ER Stress↓, TumCCA↑, MMP↓, NF-kB↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, mTOR↓, MKP1↓, MKP2↓, ChemoSen↑,
1983- PTL,    Targeting thioredoxin reductase by micheliolide contributes to radiosensitizing and inducing apoptosis of HeLa cells
- in-vitro, Cerv, HeLa
CompStab↑, TrxR↓, ROS↑, RadioS↑,
4485- Se,    Selenium stimulates the antitumour immunity: Insights to future research
- Review, Var, NA
*antiOx↑, chemoPv↑, ROS↑, Imm↑, selenoP↑, *IL2↑, *IL4↑, *TNF-α↓, *TGF-β↓, *EMT↓, Risk↓, *GPx↑, *TrxR↑,
4717- Se,    A systematic review of Selenium as a complementary treatment in cancer patients
- Review, Var, NA
*antiOx↑, eff↝, radioP↑, chemoP↑, *selenoP↑, *GPx↑, TrxR↑, *ROS↓,
3663- SFN,    Efficacy of Sulforaphane in Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Review, AD, NA - Review, Park, NA
*antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *Half-Life↝, *NRF2↑, *NQO1↑, *HO-1↑, *TrxR↑, *ROS↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *iNOS↓, *COX2/PTGS2↓, *Aβ↓, *GSH↑, *cognitive↑, *BACE/β-secretase↓, *HSP70/HSPA5↑, *neuroP↑, *ROS↓, *BBB↑, *MMP9↓,
3658- SFN,    Pre-Clinical Neuroprotective Evidences and Plausible Mechanisms of Sulforaphane in Alzheimer’s Disease
- Review, AD, NA
*NRF2↑, *antiOx↑, *neuroP↑, *Aβ↓, *BACE/β-secretase↓, *NQO1↑, *IL1β↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL6↓, *COX2/PTGS2↓, *iNOS↓, *NF-kB↓, *NLRP3↓, *Ca+2↓, *GSH↑, *MDA↓, *ROS↓, *SOD↑, *HO-1↑, *TrxR↑, *cognitive↑, *tau↓, *HSP70/HSPA5↑,
1459- SFN,  AF,    Auranofin Enhances Sulforaphane-Mediated Apoptosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Hep3B Cells through Inactivation of the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway
- in-vitro, Liver, Hep3B - in-vitro, Liver, HepG2
eff↑, TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, MMP↓, BAX↑, cl‑PARP↑, Casp3↑, Casp8↑, Casp9↑, ROS↑, eff↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, TrxR↓, BAX↑, Bcl-2∅,
3041- SK,    Promising Nanomedicines of Shikonin for Cancer Therapy
- Review, Var, NA
Glycolysis↓, TAMS↝, BioAv↓, Half-Life↝, P21↑, ERK↓, ROS↑, GSH↓, MMP↓, TrxR↓, MMP13↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, SIRT2↑, Hif1a↓, PKM2↓, TumCP↓, TumMeta↓, TumCI↓,

Showing Research Papers: 51 to 72 of 72
Prev Page 2 of 2

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 72

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress(tgid=1) ⓘ

Catalase↓, 1,   Catalase↑, 1,   Copper↓, 1,   Fenton↑, 2,   GPx↑, 1,   GPx4↓, 1,   GSH?, 1,   GSH↓, 9,   mt-GSH↓, 1,   GSH/GSSG↓, 2,   GSR↓, 2,   GSTs↓, 1,   H2O2↑, 4,   HO-1↑, 3,   Keap1↑, 1,   lipid-P↑, 1,   MDA↑, 1,   NQO1↓, 1,   NQO1↑, 1,   NRF2↓, 2,   NRF2↑, 4,   p‑NRF2↓, 1,   Prx↑, 1,   Prx4↑, 1,   ROS↓, 2,   ROS↑, 53,   i-ROS↑, 1,   selenoP↓, 1,   selenoP↑, 1,   SOD↑, 1,   SOD1↑, 1,   SOD2↓, 1,   SOD2↑, 2,   Trx↓, 5,   Trx↑, 1,   Trx1↓, 2,   ox-Trx1↑, 2,   Trx2↓, 1,   TrxR↓, 65,   TrxR↑, 2,   TrxR1↓, 3,   mt-TrxR1↓, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics(tgid=3) ⓘ

mitResp↓, 1,   OCR↓, 1,   mt-OCR↓, 1,   mt-TrxR2↓, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis(tgid=4) ⓘ

5LO↓, 1,   ALDOB↑, 1,   ATP↓, 3,   ENO1↓, 1,   ENO3↑, 1,   FBP1↑, 1,   GlucoseCon↓, 2,   Glycolysis↓, 5,   GSK‐3β↓, 1,   GSK‐3β↑, 1,   HK2↓, 4,   HK3↑, 1,   IDO1↓, 1,   lactateProd↓, 2,   LDHA↓, 2,   NADPH↓, 1,   PCK1↑, 1,   PDK1 / PDPK1↓, 1,   PGK2↑, 1,   PGM1↑, 1,   PGM3↑, 1,   PKLR↑, 1,   PKM2↓, 2,   SIRT1↑, 1,   SIRT2↑, 1,  

Cell Death(tgid=5) ⓘ

AIF↑, 1,   Apoptosis↓, 1,   Apoptosis↑, 18,   mt-Apoptosis↑, 1,   ASK1↑, 1,   BAD↓, 1,   BAX↑, 6,   Bax:Bcl2↑, 1,   Bcl-2↓, 5,   Bcl-2∅, 1,   Bcl-xL↓, 1,   BID↓, 1,   BIM↑, 1,   Casp↑, 1,   Casp3↑, 11,   cl‑Casp3↑, 1,   Casp7↑, 3,   Casp8↑, 4,   Casp9↑, 5,   cl‑Casp9↑, 1,   cFLIP↓, 1,   Cyt‑c↑, 5,   DR5↑, 1,   Ferroptosis↑, 1,   Mcl-1↓, 1,   MDM2↓, 1,   necrosis↑, 1,   p38↑, 1,   Paraptosis↑, 1,   survivin↓, 3,   TumCD↑, 1,   XIAP↓, 2,   YAP/TEAD↑, 2,  

Kinase & Signal Transduction(tgid=6) ⓘ

Akt↓, 11,   p‑Akt↓, 3,   cMET↓, 1,   DDIT4↑, 1,   EGFR↓, 1,   ERK↓, 3,   ERK↑, 1,   FOXD3↑, 1,   p‑HER2/EBBR2↓, 1,   IKKα↓, 1,   JAK1↓, 1,   JAK2↓, 1,   JNK↑, 3,   p‑JNK↑, 1,   MAPK↓, 1,   MKP1↓, 1,   MKP2↓, 1,   mTOR↓, 7,   p‑mTOR↓, 1,   PHKG1↑, 1,   PI3K↓, 7,   PTEN↑, 2,   RAS↓, 1,   Sp1/3/4↓, 3,   STAT3↓, 7,   STAT6↓, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics(tgid=7) ⓘ

ATF2↓, 1,   ATF3↑, 1,   ATF4↑, 1,   ATF4↝, 1,   CBP↓, 1,   cMyc↓, 3,   p‑FOXO3↓, 1,   H3↓, 1,   H3K9↓, 1,   HATs↓, 1,   HMTs↓, 2,   miR-218↑, 1,   Myc↓, 1,   OCT4↓, 2,   other↓, 2,   other↝, 2,   other∅, 1,   SOX2↓, 2,   SOX4↑, 1,   SUV39H↓, 2,   tumCV↓, 2,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress(tgid=8) ⓘ

CHOP/DDIT3↑, 4,   p‑eIF2α↑, 1,   ER Stress↓, 1,   ER Stress↑, 7,   HSP90↓, 2,   Proteasome↓, 1,   XBP-1↑, 1,  

Autophagy & Lysosomes(tgid=9) ⓘ

SESN2↑, 1,   TumAuto↑, 2,  

DNA Damage & Repair(tgid=10) ⓘ

ATM↑, 1,   p‑ATM↑, 2,   DNA-PK↑, 1,   DNAdam↑, 9,   mt-DNAdam↑, 1,   hTERT/TERT↓, 1,   P53↑, 4,   PARP↓, 1,   cl‑PARP↑, 6,   PCNA↓, 3,   Telomerase↓, 1,   TOP2↓, 2,   γH2AX↑, 1,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence(tgid=11) ⓘ

CDK1↓, 1,   CDK2↓, 1,   CDK4↓, 2,   CDK6↓, 2,   CycB/CCNB1↓, 1,   cycD1/CCND1↓, 2,   CycD3↓, 1,   Ki-67↓, 1,   P21↑, 3,   RB1↓, 1,   p‑RB1↓, 1,   TumCCA↑, 13,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State(tgid=12) ⓘ

ALDH↓, 3,   cFos↓, 1,   CSCs↓, 2,   Diff↑, 1,   Gli1↓, 1,   HH↓, 1,   Ki-67↓, 1,   Nanog↓, 1,   NOTCH↓, 1,   p300↓, 1,   Shh↓, 1,   Smo↓, 1,   STAT1↓, 1,   TumCG↓, 7,   TumCP↓, 9,   Wnt↓, 2,  

Migration(tgid=13) ⓘ

AP-1↓, 1,   CA↓, 1,   Ca+2↑, 1,   E-cadherin↑, 3,   EMT↓, 2,   MMP13↓, 1,   MMP2↓, 6,   MMP9↓, 8,   MMPs↓, 1,   N-cadherin↓, 2,   Slug↓, 1,   Snail↓, 2,   TET1?, 1,   TIMP1↓, 1,   TIMP2↓, 1,   TRIB3↑, 1,   TumCA↓, 1,   TumCI↓, 5,   TumCMig↓, 3,   TumMeta↓, 6,   TumPF↓, 1,   Twist↓, 2,   uPA↓, 1,   Vim↓, 3,   β-catenin/ZEB1↓, 3,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature(tgid=14) ⓘ

angioG↓, 7,   Hif1a↓, 5,   VEGF↓, 4,   VEGF↑, 1,   VEGFR2/KDR/Flk1↓, 1,  

Barriers & Transport(tgid=15) ⓘ

BBB↑, 1,   MMP↓, 17,   ZO-1↑, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling(tgid=16) ⓘ

COX1↓, 1,   COX2/PTGS2↓, 4,   CXCR4↓, 1,   ICAM-1↓, 1,   IL6↓, 5,   IL6↑, 1,   IL8↓, 1,   IL8↑, 1,   Imm↑, 2,   Inflam↓, 2,   NF-kB↓, 12,   NK cell⇅, 1,   TLR2↓, 1,   TNF-α↓, 1,  

Cellular Microenvironment(tgid=17) ⓘ

TAMS↝, 1,  

Hormonal & Nuclear Receptors(tgid=20) ⓘ

AR↓, 1,   ER-α36↓, 1,   PPARγ↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance(tgid=21) ⓘ

BioAv↓, 6,   BioAv↑, 5,   BioAv↝, 1,   BioEnh↑, 1,   ChemoSen↑, 14,   CompStab↑, 2,   Dose?, 1,   Dose↑, 2,   Dose↝, 7,   Dose∅, 3,   eff↓, 16,   eff↑, 21,   eff↝, 6,   Half-Life↓, 1,   Half-Life↑, 1,   Half-Life↝, 2,   MDR1↓, 1,   MRP1/ABCC1↓, 1,   P-gp/ABCB1↓, 3,   RadioS↑, 12,   selectivity↑, 10,   Synergy↑, 5,  

Clinical Biomarkers(tgid=22) ⓘ

AR↓, 1,   EGFR↓, 1,   p‑HER2/EBBR2↓, 1,   hTERT/TERT↓, 1,   IL6↓, 5,   IL6↑, 1,   Myc↓, 1,   NOS2↓, 1,   TRIB3↑, 1,  

Functional Outcomes(tgid=23) ⓘ

AntiCan↓, 1,   AntiCan↑, 3,   AntiTum↑, 2,   cardioP↑, 1,   chemoP↑, 1,   chemoPv↑, 1,   OS↑, 2,   radioP↑, 1,   Risk↓, 1,   toxicity↓, 6,   toxicity↝, 1,   TumW↓, 1,  

Infection & Microbiome(tgid=24) ⓘ

Bacteria↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 296

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress(tgid=1) ⓘ

antiOx↑, 4,   GPx↑, 2,   GSH↑, 4,   HO-1↑, 3,   Keap1↓, 1,   lipid-P↓, 1,   MDA↓, 2,   NQO1↑, 4,   NRF2↑, 4,   NRF2⇅, 1,   ROS↓, 5,   ROS∅, 1,   selenoP↑, 1,   SOD↑, 1,   TAC↑, 1,   Thiols↓, 1,   Trx↑, 1,   TrxR↓, 2,   TrxR↑, 4,  

Cell Death(tgid=5) ⓘ

iNOS↓, 2,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress(tgid=8) ⓘ

HSP70/HSPA5↑, 2,  

Migration(tgid=13) ⓘ

Ca+2↓, 1,   EMT↓, 1,   MMP9↓, 1,   TGF-β↓, 1,  

Barriers & Transport(tgid=15) ⓘ

BBB↑, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling(tgid=16) ⓘ

COX2/PTGS2↓, 2,   IL1β↓, 2,   IL2↑, 1,   IL4↑, 1,   IL6↓, 2,   Inflam↓, 1,   NF-kB↓, 1,   NLRP3↓, 1,   TNF-α↓, 3,  

Protein Aggregation(tgid=19) ⓘ

Aβ↓, 2,   BACE/β-secretase↓, 2,   tau↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance(tgid=21) ⓘ

BioAv↓, 1,   BioAv↑, 1,   eff↑, 1,   Half-Life↝, 1,  

Clinical Biomarkers(tgid=22) ⓘ

IL6↓, 2,  

Functional Outcomes(tgid=23) ⓘ

cognitive↑, 2,   hepatoP↑, 1,   neuroP↑, 2,  

Infection & Microbiome(tgid=24) ⓘ

Bacteria?, 1,  
Total Targets: 47

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: TrxR, Thioredoxin Reductase
15 Auranofin
10 Curcumin
10 Piperlongumine
8 Silver-NanoParticles
5 chaetocin
4 Gold NanoParticles
3 Selenium
3 Radiotherapy/Radiation
3 Gambogic Acid
3 Sulforaphane (mainly Broccoli)
2 Copper and Cu NanoParticles
2 CUSP9
2 Cynaropicrin
2 EGCG (Epigallocatechin Gallate)
2 Myricetin
1 Allicin (mainly Garlic)
1 Ashwagandha(Withaferin A)
1 Sorafenib (brand name Nexavar)
1 Baicalein
1 Chrysin
1 Garcinol
1 methylseleninic acid
1 Quercetin
1 Piperine
1 5-fluorouracil
1 Plumbagin
1 Parthenolide
1 Shikonin
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:825  State#:%  Dir#:%
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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