TGF-β Cancer Research Results

TGF-β, transforming growth factor-beta: Click to Expand ⟱
Source: HalifaxProj(inhibit) CGL-CS TCGA
Type:
Human malignancies frequently exhibit mutations in the TGF-β pathway, and overactivation of this system is linked to tumor growth by promoting angiogenesis and inhibiting the innate and adaptive antitumor immune responses.
Anti-inflammatory cytokine.
In normal tissues, TGF-β plays an essential role in cell cycle regulation, immune function, and tissue remodeling.
- In early carcinogenesis, TGF-β typically acts as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis.

In advanced cancers, cells frequently become resistant to the growth-inhibitory effects of TGF-β.
- TGF-β then switches roles and promotes tumor progression by stimulating epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell invasion, metastasis, and immune evasion.

Non-canonical (Smad-independent) pathways, such as MAPK, PI3K/Akt, and Rho signaling, also contribute to TGF-β-mediated responses.

Elevated levels of TGF-β have been detected in many advanced-stage cancers, including breast, lung, colorectal, pancreatic, and prostate cancers.
 - The switch from a tumor-suppressive to a tumor-promoting role is often associated with increased TGF-β production and activation in the tumor microenvironment.

High TGF-β expression or signaling activity is frequently correlated with aggressive disease features, resistance to therapy, increased metastasis, and poorer overall survival in many cancer types.
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
3282- SIL,    Role of Silymarin in Cancer Treatment: Facts, Hypotheses, and Questions
- Review, Var, NA
hepatoP↑, AntiCan↑, TumCMig↓, Hif1a↓, selectivity↑, toxicity∅, *antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, TumCCA↑, P21↑, CDK4↓, NF-kB↓, ERK↓, PSA↓, TumCG↓, p27/CDKN1B↑, COX2/PTGS2↓, IL1↓, VEGF↓, IGFBP3↑, AR↓, STAT3↓, Telomerase↓, Cyt‑c↑, Casp↑, eff↝, HDAC↓, HATs↑, Zeb1↓, E-cadherin↑, miR-203↑, NHE1↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, PGE2↓, Vim↓, Wnt↓, angioG↓, VEGF↓, *TIMP1↓, EMT↓, TGF-β↓, CD44↓, EGFR↓, PDGF↓, *IL8↓, SREBP1/SREBF1↓, MMP↓, ATP↓, uPA↓, PD-L1↓, NOTCH↓, *SIRT1↑, SIRT1↓, CA↓, Ca+2↑, chemoP↑, cardioP↑, Dose↝, Half-Life↝, BioAv↓, BioAv↓, BioAv↓, toxicity↝, Half-Life↓, ROS↓, FAK↓,
2359- SK,    Regulating lactate-related immunometabolism and EMT reversal for colorectal cancer liver metastases using shikonin targeted delivery
- in-vivo, Liver, NA
TumCG↓, PKM2↓, EMT↓, TGF-β↓, Glycolysis↓, lactateProd↓, ATP↓,
2363- SK,    Inhibition of PKM2 by shikonin impedes TGF-β1 expression by repressing histone lactylation to alleviate renal fibrosis
- in-vivo, CKD, NA
PKM2↓, lactateProd↓, TGF-β↓,
2213- SK,    Shikonin attenuates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury via inhibiting NOD2/RIP2/NF-κB-mediated microglia polarization and neuroinflammation
- in-vivo, Stroke, NA
*neuroP↑, *Inflam↓, *iNOS↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *ARG1/2↑, *TGF-β↑, *IL10↑, *NF-kB↓, *eff↓,
1194- SM,    Salvia miltiorrhiza protects against diabetic nephropathy through metabolome regulation and wnt/β-catenin and TGF-β signaling inhibition
- in-vivo, Diabetic, NA
β-catenin/ZEB1↓, TGF-β↓,
1138- TQ,    Thymoquinone inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition in prostate cancer cells by negatively regulating the TGF-β/Smad2/3 signaling pathway
- in-vitro, Pca, DU145 - in-vitro, Pca, PC3
TumMeta↓, EMT↓, E-cadherin↑, Vim↓, Slug↓, TGF-β↓, SMAD2↓, SMAD3↓,
2132- TQ,    Thymoquinone treatment modulates the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and abrogates the inflammatory response in an animal model of lung fibrosis
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*Weight∅, *antiOx↑, *lipid-P↓, *MMP7↓, *Casp3↓, *BAX↓, *TGF-β↓, *Diff↑, *NRF2↓, *HO-1↓, *NF-kB↓, *IκB↑,
3405- TQ,  doxoR,    Protective effect of thymoquinone against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and the underlying mechanism
- vitro+vivo, CardioV, NA
*cardioP↑, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *ROS↓, *NQO1↑, *COX2/PTGS2↓, *NOX4↓, *GPx4↑, *FTH1↑, *p‑mTOR↓, *TGF-β↓,
3409- TQ,    Thymoquinone therapy remediates elevated brain tissue inflammatory mediators induced by chronic administration of food preservatives
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*MDA↓, *TGF-β↓, *CRP↓, *NF-kB↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *Casp3↓, *GSH↑, *NRF2↑, *IL10↑, *neuroP↑, *ROS↓, *Apoptosis↓, *Inflam↓,
3425- TQ,    Advances in research on the relationship between thymoquinone and pancreatic cancer
- in-vitro, PC, NA
Apoptosis↑, TumCP↓, TumCI↓, TumMeta↓, ChemoSen↑, angioG↓, Inflam↓, NF-kB↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, TGF-β↓, Jun↓, p38↑, MAPK↑, MMP9↓, PKM2↓, ROS↑, JNK↑, MUC4↓, TGF-β↑, Dose↝, FAK↓, NOTCH↓, PTEN↑, mTOR↓, Warburg↓, XIAP↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, Casp9↑, Ki-67↓, CD34↓, VEGF↓, MCP1/CCL2↓, survivin↓, Cyt‑c↑, Casp3↑, H4↑, HDAC↓,
3559- TQ,    Molecular signaling pathway targeted therapeutic potential of thymoquinone in Alzheimer’s disease
- Review, AD, NA - Review, Var, NA
*antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *AChE↓, AntiCan↑, *cardioP↑, *RenoP↑, *neuroP↑, *hepatoP↑, TumCG↓, Apoptosis↑, PI3K↓, Akt↑, TumCCA↑, angioG↓, *NF-kB↓, *TLR2↓, *TLR4↓, *MyD88↓, *TRIF↓, *IRF3↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *IL12↓, *NRF2↑, *COX2/PTGS2↓, *VEGF↓, *MMP9↓, *cMyc↓, *cycD1/CCND1↓, *TumCP↓, *TumCI↓, *MDA↓, *TGF-β↓, *CRP↓, *Casp3↓, *GSH↑, *IL10↑, *iNOS↑, *lipid-P↓, *SOD↑, *H2O2↓, *ROS↓, *LDH↓, *Catalase↑, *GPx↑, *AChE↓, *cognitive↑, *MAPK↑, *JNK↑, *BAX↓, *memory↑, *Aβ↓, *MMP↑,
1058- UA,    Ursolic acid, an antagonist for transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1
- in-vivo, Var, NA
TGF-β↓,
4328- VitB5,    Pantethine
- Review, AD, NA
*BBB↝, *LDL↓, *lipid-P↓, *AST↓, *ALAT↓, *TGF-β↓, *adiP↑, *Inflam↓, TumCG↓, FASN↓,
1223- VitD3,    Vitamin D3 Treatment Influences PGE2 and TGFβ in Normal and Increased Breast Cancer Risk Women
- Trial, BC, NA
*TGF-β↑, *PGE2↓,
2276- VitK2,    Vitamin K2 (MK-7) Intercepts Keap-1/Nrf-2/HO-1 Pathway and Hinders Inflammatory/Apoptotic Signaling and Liver Aging in Naturally Aging Rat
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*ALB↑, *AST↓, *ALAT↓, *Keap1↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *COX2/PTGS2↓, *iNOS↓, *TNF-α↓, *TIMP1↓, *TGF-β↓, *ROS↓, *DNAdam↓, *Inflam↓,

Showing Research Papers: 101 to 115 of 115
Prev Page 3 of 3

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 115

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress(tgid=1) ⓘ

antiOx↓, 2,   antiOx↑, 1,   GPx1↓, 1,   GPx4↓, 1,   GSH↓, 1,   GSH↑, 1,   GSTs↑, 1,   H2O2↑, 1,   HO-1↓, 3,   HO-1↑, 4,   HO-2↓, 1,   lipid-P↓, 1,   MDA↓, 1,   NOX4↓, 1,   NQO1↑, 1,   NRF2↓, 2,   NRF2↑, 2,   NRF2↝, 1,   ROS↓, 8,   ROS↑, 33,   ROS↝, 1,   selenoP↑, 1,   SOD↑, 2,   SOD2↓, 1,   SOD2↑, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics(tgid=3) ⓘ

CDC25↓, 2,   EGF↓, 2,   mtDam↑, 2,   OCR↓, 1,   PDH↝, 1,   PGC-1α↑, 1,   SIRT3↓, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis(tgid=4) ⓘ

12LOX↓, 2,   ALAT↓, 1,   AMPK↑, 4,   ATP↓, 5,   i-ATP↓, 1,   CYP4A/CYP4A11/CYP4A22↓, 1,   ECAR↝, 1,   FASN↓, 2,   GlucoseCon↓, 2,   GlutMet↓, 1,   Glycolysis↓, 4,   GSK‐3β↓, 1,   GSK‐3β↑, 1,   H2S↑, 1,   HK2↓, 1,   lactateProd↓, 5,   PDK1 / PDPK1?, 2,   PFK↓, 1,   PKM2↓, 5,   SCD1↓, 1,   SIRT1↓, 4,   SIRT1↑, 2,   SREBP1/SREBF1↓, 1,   SREBP2↓, 1,   Warburg↓, 1,  

Cell Death(tgid=5) ⓘ

AIF↑, 2,   APAF1↑, 1,   Apoptosis?, 1,   Apoptosis↓, 1,   Apoptosis↑, 30,   BAD↓, 2,   Bak↑, 2,   BAX↑, 18,   Bax:Bcl2↑, 4,   Bcl-2↓, 19,   Bcl-xL↓, 4,   Casp↓, 1,   Casp↑, 3,   Casp10↑, 1,   Casp2↑, 1,   Casp3↓, 3,   Casp3↑, 20,   cl‑Casp3↑, 2,   Casp7↑, 1,   Casp8↑, 7,   Casp9↑, 17,   cl‑Casp9↑, 1,   cFLIP↓, 1,   Cyt‑c↑, 14,   Diablo↑, 2,   DR5↑, 6,   FADD↑, 1,   Fas↑, 8,   FasL↑, 2,   Ferroptosis↑, 1,   IAP1↓, 1,   IAP2/BIRC3↓, 1,   ICD↑, 1,   iNOS↓, 3,   Mcl-1↓, 5,   MDM2↓, 2,   Necroptosis↑, 1,   NOXA↑, 1,   oncosis↑, 1,   p38↓, 2,   p38↑, 4,   p‑p38↓, 2,   PUMA↑, 1,   survivin↓, 8,   TNFR 1↑, 1,   TRAILR↑, 1,   XIAP↓, 7,   XIAP↑, 1,   YAP/TEAD↓, 1,  

Kinase & Signal Transduction(tgid=6) ⓘ

Akt↓, 26,   Akt↑, 3,   Akt↝, 1,   p‑Akt↓, 3,   p‑CaMKII ↓, 1,   CIP2A↓, 1,   CK2↓, 1,   cMET↓, 1,   cSrc↓, 1,   EGFR↓, 11,   ERK↓, 7,   ERK↑, 1,   ERK↝, 1,   p‑ERK↓, 4,   FGFR1↓, 1,   FOXD3↑, 1,   HER2/EBBR2↓, 6,   IKKα↓, 1,   p‑IKKα↓, 1,   IR↓, 1,   IκB↓, 1,   JAK↓, 3,   JAK↝, 1,   JAK1↓, 1,   JAK2↓, 4,   JNK↓, 1,   JNK↑, 5,   JNK↝, 1,   p‑JNK↓, 1,   MAPK↓, 10,   MAPK↑, 3,   MAPK↝, 1,   MEK↓, 1,   p‑MEK↓, 1,   mTOR↓, 16,   p‑mTOR↓, 1,   mTORC2↓, 1,   P70S6K↓, 1,   P90RSK↓, 1,   PAK↓, 1,   PI3K↓, 22,   PI3K↝, 1,   PI3K/Akt↓, 1,   PI3k/Akt/mTOR↓, 1,   PKCδ↓, 4,   PTEN↑, 6,   Raf↓, 1,   RAS↓, 2,   Sp1/3/4↓, 2,   Src↓, 2,   STAT3↓, 15,   p‑STAT3↓, 2,   i-STAT3↓, 1,   STAT4↓, 1,   STAT5↓, 1,   TSC2↑, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics(tgid=7) ⓘ

ATF3↑, 1,   ATF4↑, 1,   CBP↓, 1,   cJun↓, 1,   cMyc↓, 9,   DNMT1↓, 2,   DNMTs↓, 1,   EZH2↓, 2,   FOXO3↑, 1,   FOXO4↓, 1,   ac‑H3↑, 1,   H4↑, 1,   ac‑H4↑, 1,   HATs↓, 2,   HATs↑, 1,   HDAC↓, 3,   miR-124-3p↓, 1,   miR-145↑, 1,   miR-194↑, 1,   miR-203↑, 1,   miR-21↓, 1,   miR-21↑, 1,   miR-25-5p↓, 1,   miR-27a-3p↓, 1,   miR-34a↑, 1,   Myc↓, 1,   NEAT1↓, 1,   OCT4↓, 3,   other↓, 3,   other↝, 1,   SOX2↓, 3,   SOX9?, 1,   TCF-4↓, 1,   tumCV?, 1,   tumCV↓, 3,   ZBTB10↑, 1,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress(tgid=8) ⓘ

CHOP/DDIT3↑, 2,   i-CRT↓, 1,   ER Stress↓, 1,   ER Stress↑, 10,   GRP78/BiP↓, 1,   GRP78/BiP↑, 3,   HSP27↓, 1,   HSP70/HSPA5↓, 2,   HSP90↓, 2,   IRE1↑, 1,  

Autophagy & Lysosomes(tgid=9) ⓘ

Beclin-1/ATG6↓, 1,   Beclin-1/ATG6↑, 3,   LC3B-II↑, 1,   LC3II↓, 1,   LC3II↑, 2,   p62↓, 2,   TumAuto↑, 8,  

DNA Damage & Repair(tgid=10) ⓘ

ATM↑, 1,   p‑ATM↑, 1,   p‑ATR↑, 1,   DFF45↑, 1,   DNAdam↓, 1,   DNAdam↑, 14,   DNArepair↓, 1,   ERCC1↓, 1,   ERCC4/XPF↓, 1,   HR↓, 1,   Ku70/XRCC6↓, 1,   p16↑, 2,   P53↑, 11,   p‑P53↑, 1,   i-P53↓, 1,   PARP↓, 1,   PARP↑, 3,   cl‑PARP↑, 7,   PARP1↑, 1,   PCNA↓, 7,   POLD1↓, 1,   RAD51↓, 1,   SIRT6↓, 1,   SIRT6↑, 1,   Telomerase↓, 2,   TP53↑, 1,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence(tgid=11) ⓘ

CDK1↓, 3,   CDK2↓, 4,   CDK2↑, 2,   CDK4↓, 7,   CDK4/6↓, 1,   CDK6↓, 8,   CDK6↑, 2,   CDK8↓, 2,   p‑CHK1↑, 1,   p‑Chk2↑, 1,   CycB/CCNB1↓, 3,   CycB/CCNB1↑, 1,   cycD1/CCND1↓, 15,   cycE/CCNE↓, 5,   cycE1↓, 1,   Ki-67↓, 8,   MAD↓, 1,   P21↑, 7,   p27/CDKN1B↑, 2,   pRB↓, 1,   p‑pRB↓, 1,   RB1↑, 1,   p‑RB1↓, 1,   TumCCA↑, 30,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State(tgid=12) ⓘ

ALDH1A1↓, 1,   BMPs↑, 1,   CD133↓, 1,   CD24↓, 1,   CD34↓, 1,   cFos↓, 1,   CSCs↓, 10,   FGF↓, 3,   HH↓, 1,   IGF-1↓, 1,   IGFBP3↑, 2,   Jun↓, 1,   Ki-67↓, 8,   Let-7↑, 1,   LRP6↓, 2,   p‑LRP6↓, 1,   mTORC1↓, 1,   Nanog↓, 2,   NOTCH↓, 7,   NOTCH1↓, 7,   p300↓, 1,   SCF↓, 1,   Shh↓, 2,   STAT1↓, 1,   TumCG↓, 9,   TumCP↓, 25,   Wnt↓, 10,   Wnt/(β-catenin)↓, 3,   ZFX↓, 1,  

Migration(tgid=13) ⓘ

AntiAg?, 1,   AntiAg↓, 1,   AP-1↓, 1,   ATPase↓, 1,   AXL↓, 1,   CA↓, 1,   Ca+2↑, 6,   Ca+2↝, 3,   CAFs/TAFs↓, 1,   CCDC150↓, 1,   CCN2/CTGF↓, 2,   COL1↓, 2,   COL3A1↓, 1,   CTNNB1↓, 1,   E-cadherin↓, 1,   E-cadherin↑, 16,   EMT↓, 32,   EMT↑, 2,   FAK↓, 6,   p‑FAK↓, 1,   fascin↓, 1,   Fibronectin↓, 1,   Fibrosis↓, 1,   ITGB1↑, 1,   LAMs↓, 1,   LEF1↓, 1,   MALAT1↓, 1,   MMP1↓, 1,   MMP1:TIMP1↑, 1,   MMP13↓, 1,   MMP2↓, 20,   MMP3↓, 1,   MMP7↓, 2,   MMP9↓, 22,   MMPs↓, 5,   MUC4↓, 1,   N-cadherin↓, 6,   NCAM↑, 1,   NEDD9↓, 1,   PDGF↓, 3,   Rho↓, 1,   ROCK1↓, 1,   Slug↓, 7,   Smad1↓, 2,   Smad1↑, 1,   Smad1↝, 1,   SMAD2↓, 9,   p‑SMAD2↓, 9,   SMAD3↓, 15,   p‑SMAD3↓, 7,   SMAD4↓, 5,   p‑SMAD4↓, 2,   Snail?, 1,   Snail↓, 10,   STAC2↓, 1,   TGF-β↓, 76,   TGF-β↑, 6,   TGF-β↝, 1,   TIMP1↓, 2,   TIMP1↑, 1,   TIMP2↓, 1,   TIMP2↑, 1,   TSP-1↑, 3,   TumCA↓, 1,   TumCI↓, 21,   TumCMig↓, 22,   TumMeta↓, 17,   Twist↓, 6,   uPA↓, 7,   uPAR↓, 1,   Vim?, 1,   Vim↓, 15,   Zeb1↓, 6,   ZEB2↓, 2,   α-SMA↓, 3,   β-catenin/ZEB1↓, 12,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature(tgid=14) ⓘ

angioG↓, 19,   CCN1/CYR61↓, 1,   CD31/PECAM-1↓, 1,   ECM/TCF↓, 1,   Endoglin↑, 1,   eNOS↓, 1,   HIF-1↓, 3,   Hif1a↓, 14,   NO↓, 2,   VEGF↓, 29,   VEGFR2/KDR/Flk1↓, 6,  

Barriers & Transport(tgid=15) ⓘ

CLDN2↓, 1,   GLUT1↓, 3,   MMP↓, 16,   NHE1↓, 2,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling(tgid=16) ⓘ

CD4+↓, 1,   CD44↓, 1,   CD47↓, 1,   CD8+↑, 4,   COX1↓, 2,   COX2/PTGS2↓, 20,   CXCL12↓, 2,   CXCR4↓, 3,   DCells↑, 1,   DR4↑, 1,   i-HMGB1↓, 1,   IFN-γ↓, 1,   IFN-γ↑, 2,   IL1↓, 4,   IL10↓, 3,   IL12↓, 1,   IL12↑, 2,   IL18↓, 1,   IL1β↓, 4,   IL2↓, 1,   IL4↓, 1,   IL5↓, 1,   IL6↓, 14,   IL8↓, 3,   Imm↑, 2,   Inflam↓, 7,   LIF↑, 1,   M2 MC↓, 1,   MCP1/CCL2↓, 2,   MIP2↓, 1,   mPGES-1↓, 1,   NF-kB↓, 30,   NF-kB↑, 1,   NF-kB↝, 1,   NK cell↑, 1,   p65↓, 1,   p‑p65↓, 1,   PD-1↓, 2,   PD-L1↓, 2,   PGE2↓, 4,   PSA↓, 2,   RAGE↓, 1,   T-Cell↑, 1,   Th1 response↑, 1,   TLR4↓, 1,   TNF-α↓, 8,   Treg lymp↓, 1,  

Hormonal & Nuclear Receptors(tgid=20) ⓘ

AR↓, 2,   ER(estro)↓, 1,   FGF21↓, 1,   PPARγ↑, 3,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance(tgid=21) ⓘ

BioAv↓, 7,   BioAv↑, 3,   ChemoSen↑, 28,   CompStab↓, 1,   CYP1A1↑, 1,   Dose↝, 7,   Dose∅, 1,   eff↑, 12,   eff⇅, 1,   eff↝, 1,   Half-Life↓, 1,   Half-Life↝, 2,   P-gp/ABCB1↓, 4,   P450↓, 1,   RadioS↑, 11,   selectivity↑, 7,   Synergy↑, 23,  

Clinical Biomarkers(tgid=22) ⓘ

ALAT↓, 1,   ALP↓, 1,   AR↓, 2,   AST↓, 1,   CRP↓, 2,   E6↓, 1,   E7↓, 1,   EGFR↓, 11,   EZH2↓, 2,   HER2/EBBR2↓, 6,   IL6↓, 14,   LDH↓, 1,   LDH↑, 1,   Myc↓, 1,   PD-L1↓, 2,   PSA↓, 2,   RAGE↓, 1,   TP53↑, 1,  

Functional Outcomes(tgid=23) ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 9,   antiNeop↑, 1,   AntiTum↑, 2,   cardioP↑, 2,   chemoP↑, 6,   chemoPv↑, 1,   ChemoSideEff↓, 1,   hepatoP↑, 2,   neuroP↑, 1,   NP/CIPN↓, 1,   OS↑, 1,   PFS↑, 1,   QoL↑, 1,   radioP↑, 2,   RenoP↑, 1,   Risk↓, 1,   toxicity↝, 1,   toxicity∅, 1,   TumVol↓, 5,  

Ingredients & Constituents(tgid=25) ⓘ

Api↑, 1,  
Total Targets: 491

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress(tgid=1) ⓘ

antiOx↓, 1,   antiOx↑, 20,   Catalase↑, 12,   GPx↓, 1,   GPx↑, 6,   GPx3↑, 1,   GPx4↑, 1,   GSH↑, 10,   GSR↑, 1,   GSTs↑, 2,   H2O2↓, 1,   HO-1↓, 1,   HO-1↑, 7,   hyperG↓, 1,   Keap1↓, 2,   lipid-P↓, 5,   MDA↓, 11,   MDA↑, 1,   MPO↓, 2,   NOX4↓, 1,   NQO1↑, 1,   NRF2?, 1,   NRF2↓, 2,   NRF2↑, 14,   Prx↑, 1,   ROS↓, 30,   SOD↑, 12,   SOD2↑, 1,   TOS↓, 1,   Trx1↑, 1,   TrxR↑, 1,  

Metal & Cofactor Biology(tgid=2) ⓘ

FTH1↑, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics(tgid=3) ⓘ

compII↑, 1,   compIII↑, 1,   mtDam↓, 1,   PGC-1α↑, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis(tgid=4) ⓘ

ACC↓, 1,   adiP↑, 1,   ALAT↓, 7,   AMPK↓, 1,   AMPK↑, 4,   ATP↑, 2,   FASN↓, 1,   glucose↓, 1,   GSK‐3β↓, 1,   LDL↓, 3,   lipidLev↓, 1,   NH3↓, 1,   PKM2↓, 1,   SIRT1↑, 2,  

Cell Death(tgid=5) ⓘ

Apoptosis↓, 2,   BAX↓, 3,   Bcl-2↑, 1,   Casp12↓, 1,   Casp3↓, 5,   Casp8↓, 1,   Casp9↓, 1,   Cyt‑c↓, 1,   GranB/GZMB↓, 1,   iNOS↓, 3,   iNOS↑, 2,   necrosis↓, 1,   p38↓, 1,   p‑p38↓, 1,  

Kinase & Signal Transduction(tgid=6) ⓘ

Akt↑, 4,   Akt↝, 1,   ERK↓, 1,   IκB↑, 1,   JAK2↓, 1,   JAK2↑, 1,   JNK↑, 1,   p‑JNK↓, 2,   MAPK↓, 1,   MAPK↑, 1,   MAPK↝, 1,   mTOR↓, 2,   p‑mTOR↓, 1,   p‑mTOR↑, 1,   PDGFR-BB↑, 1,   PI3K↓, 1,   PI3K↑, 1,   PKCδ↑, 1,   STAT3↓, 1,   STAT3↑, 1,   STAT3↝, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics(tgid=7) ⓘ

ATF4↓, 1,   cMyc↓, 1,   HDAC↓, 2,   other↑, 3,   other↝, 4,   SOX9↑, 1,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress(tgid=8) ⓘ

CHOP/DDIT3↓, 1,   p‑eIF2α↓, 1,   ER Stress↓, 2,   GRP78/BiP↓, 1,   HSP70/HSPA5↑, 1,   XBP-1↓, 1,  

Autophagy & Lysosomes(tgid=9) ⓘ

LC3‑Ⅱ/LC3‑Ⅰ↑, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair(tgid=10) ⓘ

DNAdam↓, 1,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence(tgid=11) ⓘ

cycD1/CCND1↓, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State(tgid=12) ⓘ

Diff↑, 2,   FGF↑, 2,   IGF-1↑, 1,   MSCs↑, 1,   TumCP↓, 1,  

Migration(tgid=13) ⓘ

AP-1↓, 1,   ARG1/2↑, 1,   Ca+2↑, 1,   Cartilage↑, 1,   COL1↓, 2,   COL1↑, 1,   COL2A1↑, 1,   COL3A1↓, 1,   E-cadherin↑, 1,   EMT↓, 2,   Fibronectin↓, 1,   LRP1↑, 1,   MMP2↓, 1,   MMP2↑, 1,   MMP7↓, 1,   MMP9↓, 5,   MUC1↑, 1,   p‑SMAD2↓, 1,   SMAD3↓, 1,   p‑SMAD3↑, 1,   Smad7↑, 1,   TGF-β↓, 21,   TGF-β↑, 12,   TIMP1↓, 2,   TumCI↓, 1,   Vim↓, 1,   α-SMA↓, 6,   α-SMA↑, 1,   α-SMA↝, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature(tgid=14) ⓘ

angioG↑, 3,   angioG↝, 1,   Hif1a↓, 2,   LOX1↓, 1,   NO↓, 3,   NO↑, 2,   VCAM-1↓, 1,   VEGF↓, 2,   VEGF↑, 3,  

Barriers & Transport(tgid=15) ⓘ

BBB↑, 2,   BBB↝, 2,   GastroP↑, 1,   IBI↑, 2,   MMP↑, 2,   MUC19↓, 1,   MUC2↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling(tgid=16) ⓘ

CD4+↑, 1,   COX1↓, 2,   COX2/PTGS2↓, 8,   HMGB1↓, 1,   ICAM-1↓, 1,   IFN-γ↓, 1,   IFN-γ↑, 1,   IL10↓, 1,   IL10↑, 8,   IL12↓, 1,   IL17↓, 1,   IL1β↓, 12,   IL2↑, 1,   IL4↓, 2,   IL4↑, 2,   IL5↓, 1,   IL6↓, 17,   IL6↑, 1,   IL8↓, 4,   Imm↑, 2,   Inflam↓, 31,   IRF3↓, 1,   LPS↓, 1,   MCP1/CCL2↓, 1,   MCP1/CCL2↑, 1,   MIP2↓, 1,   MyD88↓, 1,   NeuroI↓, 1,   NF-kB↓, 16,   NLRP3↓, 3,   PGE2↓, 5,   PGE2↑, 1,   RAGE↓, 1,   TLR2↓, 1,   TLR4↓, 4,   TNF-α↓, 15,   TNF-α↑, 1,   TRIF↓, 1,  

Synaptic & Neurotransmission(tgid=18) ⓘ

AChE↓, 2,   monoA↑, 1,  

Protein Aggregation(tgid=19) ⓘ

AGEs↓, 1,   APP↓, 1,   Aβ↓, 5,   BACE/β-secretase↓, 1,   tau↓, 1,   p‑tau↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance(tgid=21) ⓘ

BioAv↓, 4,   BioAv↑, 8,   BioAv↝, 3,   BioEnh↑, 2,   ChemoSen↑, 1,   CYP2E1↓, 1,   Dose↝, 4,   eff↓, 1,   eff↑, 4,   Half-Life↝, 2,   P-gp/ABCB1↓, 1,   P450↝, 1,   selectivity↑, 1,   Synergy↑, 6,  

Clinical Biomarkers(tgid=22) ⓘ

ALAT↓, 7,   ALB↑, 1,   AST↓, 8,   BG↓, 1,   BMD↑, 2,   creat↓, 1,   CRP↓, 2,   HbA1c↓, 1,   IL6↓, 17,   IL6↑, 1,   LDH↓, 2,   RAGE↓, 1,   Urea↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes(tgid=23) ⓘ

Analgesic↑, 1,   antiAll↑, 4,   AntiArt↑, 3,   AntiCan↑, 6,   AntiDiabetic↑, 1,   antiPs↑, 1,   AntiTum↑, 1,   cardioP↑, 10,   chemoP↑, 2,   cognitive↑, 6,   diuretic↑, 1,   hepatoP↑, 13,   memory↑, 4,   neuroP↑, 15,   Obesity↓, 3,   Pain↓, 1,   QoL↑, 1,   radioP↑, 2,   RenoP↑, 3,   Stroke↓, 1,   toxicity↓, 4,   toxicity↝, 2,   toxicity∅, 5,   Weight∅, 1,   Wound Healing↑, 2,  

Infection & Microbiome(tgid=24) ⓘ

AntiBio↑, 3,   AntiFungal↑, 1,   AntiViral↑, 3,   Bacteria↓, 5,   GutMicro↑, 6,   Sepsis↓, 2,  

Ingredients & Constituents(tgid=25) ⓘ

CA↑, 1,   Catechins↑, 1,   FA↑, 1,   GA↑, 1,   Phen↑, 1,   QC↑, 1,  
Total Targets: 260

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: TGF-β, transforming growth factor-beta
10 Curcumin
6 Magnetic Fields
6 Thymoquinone
5 Artemisinin
5 Ellagic acid
5 Quercetin
5 Emodin
4 Apigenin (mainly Parsley)
3 Baicalein
3 Radiotherapy/Radiation
3 EGCG (Epigallocatechin Gallate)
3 Garcinol
3 Propolis -bee glue
3 Resveratrol
3 Silymarin (Milk Thistle) silibinin
3 Shikonin
2 Allicin (mainly Garlic)
2 Ashwagandha(Withaferin A)
2 Berberine
2 Piperine
2 HydroxyTyrosol
2 Magnolol
2 Magnetic Field Rotating
2 Rauwolfia serpentina/Indian Snakeroot
1 1,8-Cineole
1 3-bromopyruvate
1 Silver-NanoParticles
1 Alpha-Lipoic-Acid
1 Andrographis
1 Isovitexin
1 Berbamine
1 Betulinic acid
1 Boron
1 Caffeine
1 Celecoxib
1 Copper and Cu NanoParticles
1 Oxaliplatin
1 Date Fruit Extract
1 D-limonene
1 Gemcitabine (Gemzar)
1 Docetaxel
1 Tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside
1 Eurycomanone
1 Fisetin
1 Shilajit/Fulvic Acid
1 Cisplatin
1 Paclitaxel/Taxol
1 Ginkgo biloba
1 Gossypol/AT-101
1 Hydrogen Gas
1 Hydroxycinnamic-acid
1 Isoliquiritigenin
1 isoorientin
1 Kaempferol
1 Lactoferrin/Talactoferrin
1 methotrexate
1 Luteolin
1 Bortezomib
1 Lycopene
1 Matrine
1 MCT oil
1 Metformin
1 Naringin
1 Phenylbutyrate
1 Rosmarinic acid
1 Selenium
1 Salvia miltiorrhiza
1 doxorubicin
1 Ursolic acid
1 Vitamin B5,Pantothenic Acid
1 Vitamin D3
1 Vitamin K2
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:304  State#:%  Dir#:%
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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