NRF2 Cancer Research Results

NRF2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2: Click to Expand ⟱
Source: TCGA
Type: Antiapoptotic
Nrf2 is responsible for regulating an extensive panel of antioxidant enzymes involved in the detoxification and elimination of oxidative stress. Thought of as "Master Regulator" of antioxidant response.
-One way to estimate Nrf2 induction is through the expression of NQO1.
NQO1, the most potent inducer:
SFN 0.2 μM,
quercetin (2.5 μM),
curcumin (2.7 μM),
Silymarin (3.6 μM),
tamoxifen (5.9 μM),
genistein (6.2 μM ),
beta-carotene (7.2μM),
lutein (17 μM),
resveratrol (21 μM),
indol-3-carbinol (50 μM),
chlorophyll (250 μM),
alpha-cryptoxanthin (1.8 mM),
and zeaxanthin (2.2 mM)

1. Raising Nrf2 enhances the cell's antioxidant defenses and ↓ROS. This strategy is used to decrease chemo-radio side effects.
2. Downregulating Nrf2 lowers antioxidant defenses and ↑ROS. In cancer cells this leads to DNA damage, and cell death.
3. However there are some cases where increasing Nrf2 paradoxically causes an increase in ROS (cancer cells). Such as cases of Mitochondial overload, signal crosstalk, reductive stress

-In some cases, Nrf2 is overexpressed in cancer cells, which can lead to the activation of genes involved in cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. This can contribute to the development of resistance to chemotherapy and targeted therapies.
-Increased Nrf2 expression: Lung, Breast, Colorectal, Prostrate.
Decreased Nrf2 expression: Skine, Liver, Pancreatic.
-Nrf2 is a cytoprotective transcription factor which demonstrated both a negative effect as well as a positive effect on cancer
- "promotes Nrf2 translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus," means facilitates the movement of Nrf2 into the nucleus, thereby enhancing the cell's antioxidant and cytoprotective responses. -Major regulator of Nrf2 activity in cells is the cytosolic inhibitor Keap1.

Nrf2 Inhibitors and Activators
Nrf2 Inhibitors: Brusatol, Luteolin, Trigonelline, VitC, Retinoic acid, Chrysin
Nrf2 Activators: SFN, OPZ EGCG, Resveratrol, DATS, CUR, CDDO, Api
- potent Nrf2 inducers from plants include sulforaphane, curcumin, EGCG, resveratrol, caffeic acid phenethyl ester, wasabi, cafestol and kahweol (coffee), cinnamon, ginger, garlic, lycopene, rosemany

Nrf2 plays dual roles in that it can protect normal tissues against oxidative damage and can act as an oncogenic protein in tumor tissue.
– In healthy tissues, NRF2 activation helps protect cells from oxidative damage and maintains cellular homeostasis.
– In many cancers, constitutive activation of NRF2 (often through mutations in NRF2 itself or loss-of-function mutations in KEAP1) leads to an enhanced antioxidant capacity.
– This upregulation can promote tumor cell survival by enabling cancer cells to thrive under oxidative stress, resist chemotherapeutic agents, and sustain metabolic reprogramming.
– Elevated NRF2 levels have been implicated in promoting tumor growth, metastasis, and resistance to therapy in various malignancies.
– High or sustained NRF2 activity is frequently associated with aggressive tumor phenotypes, poorer prognosis, and decreased overall survival in several cancer types.
– While its activation is essential for protecting normal cells from oxidative stress, aberrant or sustained NRF2 activation in tumor cells can lead to enhanced survival, therapeutic resistance, and tumor progression.

NRF2 inhibitors: (to decrease antioxidant defenses and increase cell death from ROS).
-Brusatol: most cited natural inhibitors of Nrf2.
-Luteolin: luteolin can reduce Nrf2 activity in specific cancer models and may enhance cell sensitivity to chemotherapy. However, luteolin is also known as an antioxidant, and its influence on Nrf2 can sometimes be context dependent.
-Apigenin: certain studies to down‑regulate Nrf2 in cancer cells: Dose and context dependent .
-Oridonin:
-Wogonin: although its effects might be cell‑ and dose‑specific.
- Withaferin A

Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
3795- CUR,    Curcumin: A Golden Approach to Healthy Aging: A Systematic Review of the Evidence
- Review, AD, NA
*antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *AntiAge↑, *AMPK↑, *SIRT1↑, *NF-kB↓, *mTOR↓, *NLRP3↓, *NADPH↓, *ROS↓, *COX2/PTGS2↓, *MCP1/CCL2↓, *IL1β↓, *IL17↓, *IL23↓, *TNF-α↓, *MPO↓, *IL10↑, *lipid-P↓, *SOD↑, *Aβ↓, *p‑tau↓, *GSK‐3β↓, *CDK5↓, *TXNIP↓, *NRF2↑, *NQO1↑, *HO-1↑, *OS↑, *memory↑, *BDNF↑, *neuroP↑, *BACE/β-secretase↓, *AChE↓, *LDL↓,
3581- CUR,    Curcumin Attenuated Neurotoxicity in Sporadic Animal Model of Alzheimer's Disease
- NA, AD, NA
*antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *BBB↑, *NRF2↑, *NF-kB↓, *cognitive↑, *ROS↓, *MDA↓, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *INF-γ↓, *IL4↓, *memory↑, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓,
3576- CUR,    Protective Effects of Indian Spice Curcumin Against Amyloid-β in Alzheimer's Disease
- Review, AD, NA
*Inflam↓, *antiOx↑, *memory↑, *Aβ↓, *BBB↑, *cognitive↑, *tau↓, *LDL↓, *AChE↓, *IL1β↓, *IronCh↑, *neuroP↑, *BioAv↝, *PI3K↑, *Akt↑, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *Ferritin↑, *HO-2↓, *ROS↓, *Ach↑, *GSH↑, *Bcl-2↑, *ChAT↑,
4831- CUR,    The dual role of curcumin and ferulic acid in counteracting chemoresistance and cisplatin-induced ototoxicity
- in-vitro, NA, NA
*NRF2↑, *P53↓, *NF-kB↓, ROS↑, Inflam↓, ChemoSen↑,
4881- CUR,  SFN,  RES,  EGCG,  Lyco  An update of Nrf2 activators and inhibitors in cancer prevention/promotion
- Review, Var, NA
*NRF2↑, *antiOx↑,
2819- CUR,  Chemo,    Curcumin as a hepatoprotective agent against chemotherapy-induced liver injury
- Review, Var, NA
*hepatoP↑, *Inflam↓, *antiOx↑, *lipid-P↓, *GSH↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *GPx↑, *GSTs↑, *ROS↓, *ALAT↓, *AST↓, *MDA↓, *NRF2↑, *COX2/PTGS2↑, *NF-kB↓, *ICAM-1↓, *MCP1/CCL2↓, *HO-1↑, CXCc↓,
2821- CUR,    Antioxidant curcumin induces oxidative stress to kill tumor cells (Review)
- Review, Var, NA
*antiOx↑, *NRF2↑, *ROS↓, *Inflam↓, ROS↑, p‑ERK↑, ER Stress↑, mtDam↑, Apoptosis↑, Akt↓, mTOR↓, HO-1↑, Fenton↑, GSH↓, Iron↑, p‑JNK↑, Cyt‑c↑, ATF6↑, CHOP/DDIT3↑,
2818- CUR,    Novel Insight to Neuroprotective Potential of Curcumin: A Mechanistic Review of Possible Involvement of Mitochondrial Biogenesis and PI3/Akt/ GSK3 or PI3/Akt/CREB/BDNF Signaling Pathways
- Review, AD, NA
*neuroP↑, *ROS↓, *Inflam↓, *Apoptosis↓, *cognitive↑, *cardioP↑, other↑, *COX2/PTGS2↓, *IL1β↓, *TNF-α↓, NF-kB↓, *PGE2↓, *iNOS↓, *NO↓, *IL2↓, *IL4↓, *IL6↓, *INF-γ↓, *GSK‐3β↓, *STAT↓, *GSH↑, *MDA↓, *lipid-P↓, *SOD↑, *GPx↑, *Catalase↑, *GSR↓, *LDH↓, *H2O2↓, *Casp3↓, *Casp9↓, *NRF2↑, *AIF↓, *ATP↑,
7451- CYN,    Inhibitory effects of cynaropicrin on human melanoma progression by targeting MAPK, NF‐κB, and Nrf‐2 signaling pathways in vitro
- in-vitro, Melanoma, A375
TumCP↓, Casp3↑, Apoptosis↑, TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, ERK↓, NF-kB↓, ROS↓, HO-1↑, NRF2↑, Bcl-2↓, NF-kB↓, other↝,
7450- CYN,    Cynaropicrin Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis by Inhibiting PKM2 to Cause DNA Damage and Mitochondrial Fission in A549 Cells
- in-vitro, Lung, A549 - in-vitro, Nor, BEAS-2B
PKM2↓, P53↑, PARP↓, TumCCA↑, selectivity↑, DNAdam↑, NRF2↓, NQO1↓, TrxR↓, Trx↓, ROS↑, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, Casp3↑, Apoptosis↑,
7441- CYN,    Cynaropicrin attenuates UVB-induced oxidative stress via the AhR-Nrf2-Nqo1 pathway
- in-vitro, Nor, NA
*ROS↓, *NRF2↑, *Inflam↓, *IL6↓, *TNF-α↓, *AhR↑, *NQO1↑,
6259- Cyste,    Therapeutic Applications of Cysteamine and Cystamine in Neurodegenerative and Neuropsychiatric Diseases
- Review, AD, NA - Review, Park, NA
*ROS↓, *neuroP↑, *BDNF↑, *NRF2↑, *BBB↑, *HSPs↑, *GSH↑, *TG2/TGase↓, Aβ↓,
4333- Cyste,    Cystamine protects from 3-nitropropionic acid lesioning via induction of nf-e2 related factor 2 mediated transcription
- vitro+vivo, AD, NA
*NRF2↑, *ARE↑, *neuroP↑, *BDNF↑, *GSH↑,
1844- dietFMD,    Unlocking the Potential: Caloric Restriction, Caloric Restriction Mimetics, and Their Impact on Cancer Prevention and Treatment
- Review, NA, NA
Risk↓, AMPK↑, Akt↓, mTOR↓, SIRT1↑, Hif1a↓, NRF2↓, SOD↑, ROS↑, IGF-1↓, p‑Akt↓, PI3K↑, GutMicro↑, OS↑, eff↝, ROS↑, TumCCA↑, *DNArepair↑, DNAdam↑,
2272- dietMet,    Methionine restriction - Association with redox homeostasis and implications on aging and diseases
- Review, Nor, NA
*OS↑, *mt-ROS↓, *H2S↑, *FGF21↑, *cognitive↑, *GutMicro↑, *IGF-1↓, *mTOR↓, *GSH↑, *SOD↑, *MDA↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *NQO1↑, *GLUT4↑, *Glycolysis↑, *HK2↑, *PFK↑, *PKM2↑, *GlucoseCon↑, *ATF4↑, *PPARα↑, GSH↓, GSTs↑, ROS↑, *neuroP↑,
6282- DL,    Limonene Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Effect on LPS-Induced Jejunal Injury in Mice by Inhibiting NF-κB/AP-1 Pathway
- in-vivo, IBD, NA
*RenoP↑, *creat↓, *Inflam↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *COX2/PTGS2↓, *ROS↓, *NRF2↑, *GastroP↑, *TLR4↓, *NF-kB↓, *AP-1↓, *Sepsis↓,
6365- DRE,    AN OVERVIEW OF THERAPEUTIC POTENTIALS OF TARAXACUM OFFICINALE (DANDELION): A TRADITIONALLY VALUABLE HERB WITH A REACH HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
- Review, Var, NA
*Inflam↓, *AntiTum↑, *Imm↑, *antiOx↑, *AntiDiabetic↑, *diuretic↑, *RenoP↑, *hepatoP↑, *neuroP↑, AntiTum↑, TNF-α↑, IL1β↑, Apoptosis↑, MMP2↓, MMP9↑, eff↑, Diff↑, *ROS↓, *HO-1↑, *NRF2↑, *lipid-P↓,
5007- DSF,  Cu,    Nrf2/HO-1 Alleviates Disulfiram/Copper-Induced Ferroptosis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
- vitro+vivo, Oral, NA
AntiTum↑, TumCP↓, Ferroptosis↑, Iron↑, lipid-P↑, NRF2↓, HO-1↓,
5009- DSF,  Cu,    Activation of Oxidative Stress and Down-Regulation of Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor May Be Responsible for Disulfiram/Copper Complex Induced Apoptosis in Lymphoid Malignancy Cell Lines
- vitro+vivo, lymphoma, NA
AntiTum↑, ROS↑, JNK↑, NRF2↓, eff↓, TumCD↑,
5006- DSF,  Cu,    Disulfiram targeting lymphoid malignant cell lines via ROS-JNK activation as well as Nrf2 and NF-kB pathway inhibition
- vitro+vivo, lymphoma, NA
TumCD↑, TumCP↑, Apoptosis↑, NRF2↓, ROS↑, p‑JNK↑, p65↓, eff↓, NF-kB↓,
1607- EA,    Exploring the Potential of Ellagic Acid in Gastrointestinal Cancer Prevention: Recent Advances and Future Directions
- Review, GC, NA
STAT3↓, TumCP↓, Apoptosis↑, NF-kB↓, EMT↓, RadioS↑, antiOx↑, COX1↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, cMyc↓, Snail↓, Twist↓, MMP2↓, P90RSK↓, CDK8↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, TumCCA↑, Casp8↑, PCNA↓, TGF-β↓, Shh↓, NOTCH↓, IL6↓, ALAT↓, ALP↓, AST↓, VEGF↓, P21↑, *toxicity∅, *Inflam↓, *cardioP↑, *neuroP↑, *hepatoP↑, ROS↑, *NRF2↓, *GSH↑,
3217- EGCG,    Epigallocatechin-3-gallate promotes angiogenesis via up-regulation of Nfr2 signaling pathway in a mouse model of ischemic stroke
- in-vivo, Stroke, NA
*angioG↑, *neuroG↑, *NRF2↑,
3221- EGCG,    EGCG upregulates phase-2 detoxifying and antioxidant enzymes via the Nrf2 signaling pathway in human breast epithelial cells
- in-vitro, Nor, MCF10
*antiOx↑, *GSTA1↑, *NRF2↑,
3220- EGCG,    Dual Roles of Nrf2 in Cancer
- in-vitro, Lung, A549
NRF2↑, eff↓,
3219- EGCG,    Nano-chemotherapeutic efficacy of (−) -epigallocatechin 3-gallate mediating apoptosis in A549 cells: Involvement of reactive oxygen species mediated Nrf2/Keap1signaling
- in-vitro, Lung, A549
ROS↑, RNS↓, MMP↓, NRF2↑, Keap1↓,
3215- EGCG,    Epigallocatechin gallate modulates ferroptosis through downregulation of tsRNA-13502 in non-small cell lung cancer
- in-vitro, NSCLC, A549 - in-vitro, NSCLC, H1299
TumCP↓, Ki-67↓, GPx4↓, ACSL4↑, Iron↑, MDA↑, ROS↑, Ferroptosis↑, eff↑, NRF2↑, HO-1↑,
3216- EGCG,    Epigallocatechin-3-gallate suppresses hemin-aggravated colon carcinogenesis through Nrf2-inhibited mitochondrial reactive oxygen species accumulation
- NA, Colon, Caco-2
NRF2↑, TumCP↓, mt-ROS↓, Keap1↓,
3201- EGCG,    Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG): Pharmacological Properties, Biological Activities and Therapeutic Potential
- Review, NA, NA
*AntiCan↑, *cardioP↑, *neuroP↑, *BioAv↝, *BioAv↓, *BioAv↓, *Dose↝, *Half-Life↝, *BioAv↑, *BBB↑, *hepatoP↓, *other↓, *Inflam↓, *NF-kB↓, *AP-1↓, *iNOS↓, *COX2/PTGS2↓, *ROS↓, *RNS↓, *IL8↓, *JAK↓, *PDGFR-BB↓, *IGF-1R↓, *MMP2↓, *P53↓, *NRF2↑, *TNF-α↓, *IL6↓, *E2Fs↑, *SOD1↑, *SOD2↑, Casp3↑, Cyt‑c↑, PARP↑, DNMTs↓, Telomerase↓, Hif1a↓, MMPs↓, BAX↑, Bak↑, Bcl-2↓, Bcl-xL↓, P53↑, PTEN↑, TumCP↓, MAPK↓, HGF/c-Met↓, TIMP1↑, HDAC↓, MMP9↓, uPA↓, GlutMet↓, ChemoSen↑, chemoP↑,
3209- EGCG,    Epigallocatechin gallate upregulates NRF2 to prevent diabetic nephropathy via disabling KEAP1
- in-vitro, Diabetic, NA
*NRF2↑,
3210- EGCG,    Protective effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) via Nrf2 pathway against oxalate-induced epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) of renal tubular cells
- in-vitro, Nor, NA
*ROS↓, *NRF2↑, *Catalase↑, *antiOx↑,
3211- EGCG,    Antioxidation Function of EGCG by Activating Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway in Mice with Coronary Heart Disease
- in-vivo, NA, NA
*cardioP↑, *VEGF↓, *MMP2↓, *SOD↑, *ROS↓, *HO-1↑, *NQO1↑, *NRF2↑,
3212- EGCG,    EGCG maintained Nrf2-mediated redox homeostasis and minimized etoposide resistance in lung cancer cells
- in-vitro, Lung, A549 - in-vivo, Lung, NCIH23
NRF2⇅, eff↑, SOD1↑, SOD1↓, MMP2⇅, MMP9⇅,
3213- EGCG,  Rad,    Epigallocatechin-3-gallate Enhances Radiation Sensitivity in Colorectal Cancer Cells Through Nrf2 Activation and Autophagy
- in-vitro, CRC, HCT116
RadioS↑, TumCP↓, NRF2↑,
3214- EGCG,    EGCG-induced selective death of cancer cells through autophagy-dependent regulation of the p62-mediated antioxidant survival pathway
- in-vitro, Nor, MRC-5 - in-vitro, Cerv, HeLa - in-vitro, Nor, HEK293 - in-vitro, BC, MDA-MB-231 - in-vitro, CRC, HCT116
mTOR↓, AMPK↑, selectivity↑, ROS↑, selectivity↑, HO-1↓, *NRF2↑, NRF2↓, *HO-1↑,
6784- EGCG,    Dietary (−)-Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG): State-of-the-Art Advances in Bioactivities, Bioavailability Enhancement Strategies, and Applications in Nutrition and Health
- Review, Nor, NA
*antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *AntiCan↑, *cardioP↑, *neuroP↑, *GutMicro↑, *AntiBio↑, *ROS↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL6↓, TumCP↓, *LDL↓, *NO↓, *Obesity↓, *p‑tau↓, *Aβ↓, *NRF2↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *GPx↑, *NLRP3↓, *mTOR↓, TumCCA↑, NRF2↓, Apoptosis↑, SIRT1↓, miR-25-5p↓, PARP↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, ER Stress↑, TumAuto↑, EMT↓, TumCI↓, TumCMig↓, TGF-β↓, Smad1↓, STAT3↓, VEGF↓, angioG↓, Imm↑, EGFR↓, *GutMicro↑, *Bacteria↓, *AntiViral↑, *BioAv↓, *BioAv↑, *eff↑, *BioAv↑, eff↑, ChemoSen↑, *toxicity↝,
20- EGCG,    Potential Therapeutic Targets of Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG), the Most Abundant Catechin in Green Tea, and Its Role in the Therapy of Various Types of Cancer
- in-vivo, Liver, NA - in-vivo, Tong, NA
HH↓, Gli1↓, Smo↓, TNF-α↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, *antiOx↑, Hif1a↓, NF-kB↓, VEGF↓, STAT3↓, Bcl-2↓, P53↑, Akt↓, p‑Akt↓, p‑mTOR↓, EGFR↓, AP-1↓, BAX↑, ROS↑, Casp3↑, Apoptosis↑, NRF2↑, *H2O2↓, *NO↓, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *GPx↑, *ROS↓,
1974- EGCG,    Protective Effect of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate in Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Damage in Chicken Lymphocytes
- in-vitro, Nor, NA
*ROS↓, *NO↓, *MMP↑, *i-Ca+2↓, *HO-1↑, *Catalase↑, *NRF2↑, *Trx1↑, *antiOx↑, *SOD↑, *Apoptosis↓,
6819- EMD,    Recent advances in the therapeutic potential of emodin for human health
- Review, Nor, NA
AntiCan↑, *AntiDiabetic↑, *neuroP↑, *Inflam↓, *antiOx↑, *BioAv↓, *BioAv↑, *SOD↑, *GPx↑, *GSH↑, *NRF2↑, *ROS↓, *lipid-P↓, *Cyt‑c↓, *BAX↓, *Bcl-2↓, *iNOS↓, *NO↓, *IL6↓, *IL10↓, *IL17↓, *IFN-γ↓, *NF-kB↓, *LC3II↓, *Akt↓, *Beclin-1/ATG6↓, *AMPK↓, *TNF-α↓, *PGE2↓, *Apoptosis↓, *Casp3↓, *Casp9↓, *P53↓, *P21↓, *NAD↓, *ATP↓, *CHOP/DDIT3↓, *GADD34↓, *ATF4↓, tumCV↓, Apoptosis↑, TumCG↓, TumCI↓, TumMeta↓, CSCs↓, NOTCH1↓, STAT3↓, eff↑, miR-34a↓, *neuroP↑, *BDNF↓, *hepatoP↑, *ALAT↓, *AST↓, TG/TAG↓, ROS↑, Slug↓, EMT↓, Glycolysis↓, ChemoSen↑, P-gp/ABCB1↓, Ki-67↓, PCNA↓, ER Stress↑, TRIB3↑, NF-kB↑, TumMeta↑, *Imm↓, *toxicity↝,
6828- EMD,    Neuroprotective effect of emodin against Alzheimer's disease via Nrf2 signaling in U251 cells and APP/PS1 mice
- in-vitro, AD, U251
*MMP↑, *ROS↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *SOD↑, *Bcl-2↑, *Catalase↑, *BAX↓, *memory↑, *ANXi↓, *Aβ↓, *antiOx↑, *MDA↓,
5228- EMD,    Evaluating anticancer activity of emodin by enhancing antioxidant activities and affecting PKC/ADAMTS4 pathway in thioacetamide-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats
- in-vivo, HCC, NA
OS↑, PKCδ↓, ERK5↓, MMP3↓, VEGF↓, NRF2↑, HO-1↑, MDA↓, AFP↓,
6356- Eug,  Cin,    Investigating the Molecular Mechanisms of the Anticancer Effects of Eugenol and Cinnamaldehyde Against Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Cells In Vitro
- in-vitro, CRC, SW-620 - in-vitro, CRC, Caco-2 - in-vitro, Nor, NCM460
P21↑, ChemoSen↑, Casp3↑, IL4↓, IL8↓, ROS↑, NRF2↑, HO-1↑, EMT↓,
6385- Eug,    Anticancer potential of eugenol in hepatocellular carcinoma through modulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and proliferation mechanisms
- in-vivo, HCC, HepG2
tumCV↓, TumCMig↓, *ALAT↓, *AST↓, *ALP↓, *Bil↓, *CEA↓, *lipid-P↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, NF-kB↓, CXCR3↓, HRAS↓, KRAS↓, Ki-67↓, *GSH↑, *GPx↑, *SOD↑, *NRF2↑, P53↑, BAX↑, DR4↑, DR5↑,
3714- FA,    Recent Advances in the Neuroprotective Properties of Ferulic Acid in Alzheimer's Disease: A Narrative Review
- Review, AD, NA
*antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *neuroP↑, *NF-kB↓, *NLRP3↓, *iNOS↓, *COX2/PTGS2↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *VCAM-1↓, *ICAM-1↓, *p‑MAPK↓, *p38↓, *JNK↓, *IL6↓, *IL8↓, *hepatoP↑, *RenoP↑, *Catalase↑, *PPARγ↑, *ROS↓, *Fenton↓, *IronCh↑, *SOD↑, *MDA↓, *lipid-P↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *ARE↑, *Bil↑, *radioP↑, *GCLC↑, *GCLM↑, *NQO1↑, *Half-Life↝, *GutMicro↑, *Aβ↓, *BDNF↑, *Ca+2↓, *lipid-P↓, *PGE2↓, *cognitive↑, *ChAT↑, *memory↑, *Dose↝, *toxicity↓,
3778- FA,    Recent Advances in the Neuroprotective Properties of Ferulic Acid in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Narrative Review
- Review, AD, NA
*neuroP↑, *Aβ↓, *antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *ROS↓, *NF-kB↓, *NLRP3↓, *iNOS↓, *COX2/PTGS2↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *VCAM-1↓, *ICAM-1↓, *p‑MAPK?, *hepatoP↑, *TLR4↓, *PPARγ↑, *NRF2↑, *Fenton↓, *IronCh↑, *MDA↓, *HO-1↑, *Bil↑, *GCLC↑, *GCLM↑, *NQO1↑, *GutMicro↑, *SOD↑, *Ca+2↓, *lipid-P↓, *PGE2↓,
6886- FA,  MTX,    Ferulic acid prevents oxidative stress, inflammation, and liver injury via upregulation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling in methotrexate-induced rats
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*hepatoP↑, *ROS↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *NF-kB↓, *p65↓, *BAX↓, *Casp3↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *PPARγ↑, *Inflam↓,
6907- FIS,    Fisetin stimulates autophagic degradation of phosphorylated tau via the activation of TFEB and Nrf2 transcription factors
- in-vitro, AD, NA
*p‑tau↓, *NRF2↑, *mTORC1↓, *neuroP↑, *memory↑, *Inflam↓, *memory↑, *TFEB↑, *mTOR↓,
6897- FIS,    Fisetin: A Dietary Antioxidant for Health Promotion
- Review, Nor, NA
*chemoPv↑, *neuroP↑, *antiOx↑, *GSH↑, *HO-1↑, *NRF2↑, angioG↓, TumCG↓, uPA↓, MMP1↓, tumCV↓, PTEN↑, PI3K↓, p‑Akt↓, AMPK↑, mTOR↓, EGFR↓, NF-kB↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, PGE2↓, Wnt↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, TCF↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, MMP7↓, RadioS↑, PSA↓, Securin↓, TumCCA↑, XIAP↓, *ERK↑, *p‑CREB↑, *memory↑, *GSH↑, *Inflam↓, *5LO↓,
6922- FIS,    Inhibition of Akt/mTOR signaling by the dietary flavonoid fisetin
- Review, Var, NA
*memory↑, *Inflam↓, *5LO↓, *lipid-P↓, *NF-kB↓, *antiOx↑, *GSH↑, *HO-1↑, *NRF2↑, *ROS↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, TumCCA↑, cycD1/CCND1↓, cycE/CCNE↓, CDK2↓, CDK4↓, TumCMig↓, MMPs↓, PSA↓,
2852- FIS,    A comprehensive view on the fisetin impact on colorectal cancer in animal models: Focusing on cellular and molecular mechanisms
- Review, CRC, NA
Risk↓, P53↑, MDM2↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, Wnt↓, NF-kB↓, CDK2↓, CDK4↓, p‑RB1↓, cycE/CCNE↓, P21↑, NRF2↓, ROS↑, Casp8↑, Fas↑, TRAIL↑, DR5↑, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, selectivity↑, P450↝, GSTs↝, RadioS↑, Inflam↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, EGFR↓, TumCCA↑, ChemoSen↑,
2858- FIS,    Fisetin inhibits cell migration via inducing HO-1 and reducing MMPs expression in breast cancer cell lines
- in-vitro, BC, 4T1
HO-1↑, NRF2↑, MMP2↓, MMP9↓,

Showing Research Papers: 201 to 250 of 615
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* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 615

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


NA, unassigned(tgid=0) ⓘ

CXCR3↓, 1,  

Redox & Oxidative Stress(tgid=1) ⓘ

antiOx↑, 1,   Fenton↑, 1,   Ferroptosis↑, 2,   GPx4↓, 1,   GSH↓, 2,   GSTs↑, 1,   GSTs↝, 1,   HO-1↓, 2,   HO-1↑, 6,   Iron↑, 3,   Keap1↓, 2,   lipid-P↑, 1,   MDA↓, 1,   MDA↑, 1,   NQO1↓, 1,   NRF2↓, 8,   NRF2↑, 10,   NRF2⇅, 1,   RNS↓, 1,   ROS↓, 1,   ROS↑, 16,   mt-ROS↓, 1,   SOD↑, 1,   SOD1↓, 1,   SOD1↑, 1,   Trx↓, 1,   TrxR↓, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics(tgid=3) ⓘ

MMP↓, 3,   mtDam↑, 1,   XIAP↓, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis(tgid=4) ⓘ

ACSL4↑, 1,   ALAT↓, 1,   AMPK↑, 3,   cMyc↓, 1,   GlutMet↓, 1,   Glycolysis↓, 1,   PKM2↓, 1,   SIRT1↓, 1,   SIRT1↑, 1,  

Cell Death(tgid=5) ⓘ

Akt↓, 5,   p‑Akt↓, 3,   Apoptosis↑, 9,   Bak↑, 1,   BAX↑, 3,   Bcl-2↓, 3,   Bcl-xL↓, 1,   Casp3↑, 6,   Casp8↑, 2,   Casp9↑, 1,   Cyt‑c↑, 4,   DR4↑, 1,   DR5↑, 2,   Fas↑, 1,   Ferroptosis↑, 2,   HGF/c-Met↓, 1,   JNK↑, 1,   p‑JNK↑, 2,   MAPK↓, 1,   MDM2↓, 1,   Telomerase↓, 1,   TRAIL↑, 1,   TumCD↑, 2,  

Kinase & Signal Transduction(tgid=6) ⓘ

miR-25-5p↓, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics(tgid=7) ⓘ

other↑, 1,   other↝, 1,   tumCV↓, 3,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress(tgid=8) ⓘ

ATF6↑, 1,   CHOP/DDIT3↑, 1,   ER Stress↑, 3,  

Autophagy & Lysosomes(tgid=9) ⓘ

TumAuto↑, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair(tgid=10) ⓘ

DNAdam↑, 2,   DNMTs↓, 1,   P53↑, 5,   PARP↓, 1,   PARP↑, 2,   PCNA↓, 2,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence(tgid=11) ⓘ

CDK2↓, 2,   CDK4↓, 2,   cycD1/CCND1↓, 2,   cycE/CCNE↓, 2,   P21↑, 3,   p‑RB1↓, 1,   Securin↓, 1,   TumCCA↑, 7,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State(tgid=12) ⓘ

CDK8↓, 1,   CSCs↓, 1,   Diff↑, 1,   EMT↓, 4,   ERK↓, 1,   p‑ERK↑, 1,   ERK5↓, 1,   Gli1↓, 1,   HDAC↓, 1,   HH↓, 1,   HRAS↓, 1,   IGF-1↓, 1,   miR-34a↓, 1,   mTOR↓, 4,   p‑mTOR↓, 1,   NOTCH↓, 1,   NOTCH1↓, 1,   P90RSK↓, 1,   PI3K↓, 3,   PI3K↑, 1,   PTEN↑, 2,   Shh↓, 1,   Smo↓, 1,   STAT3↓, 4,   TCF↓, 1,   TumCG↓, 2,   Wnt↓, 2,  

Migration(tgid=13) ⓘ

AP-1↓, 1,   Ki-67↓, 3,   KRAS↓, 1,   MMP1↓, 1,   MMP2↓, 3,   MMP2⇅, 1,   MMP3↓, 1,   MMP7↓, 1,   MMP9↓, 2,   MMP9↑, 1,   MMP9⇅, 1,   MMPs↓, 2,   PKCδ↓, 1,   Slug↓, 1,   Smad1↓, 1,   Snail↓, 1,   TGF-β↓, 2,   TIMP1↑, 1,   TRIB3↑, 1,   TumCI↓, 3,   TumCMig↓, 4,   TumCP↓, 8,   TumCP↑, 1,   TumMeta↓, 1,   TumMeta↑, 1,   Twist↓, 1,   uPA↓, 2,   β-catenin/ZEB1↓, 2,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature(tgid=14) ⓘ

angioG↓, 2,   EGFR↓, 4,   Hif1a↓, 3,   VEGF↓, 4,  

Barriers & Transport(tgid=15) ⓘ

P-gp/ABCB1↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling(tgid=16) ⓘ

COX1↓, 1,   COX2/PTGS2↓, 4,   CXCc↓, 1,   IL1β↑, 1,   IL4↓, 1,   IL6↓, 1,   IL8↓, 1,   Imm↑, 1,   Inflam↓, 2,   NF-kB↓, 9,   NF-kB↑, 1,   p65↓, 1,   PGE2↓, 1,   PSA↓, 2,   TNF-α↓, 1,   TNF-α↑, 1,  

Protein Aggregation(tgid=19) ⓘ

Aβ↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance(tgid=21) ⓘ

ChemoSen↑, 6,   eff↓, 3,   eff↑, 5,   eff↝, 1,   P450↝, 1,   RadioS↑, 4,   selectivity↑, 4,  

Clinical Biomarkers(tgid=22) ⓘ

AFP↓, 1,   ALAT↓, 1,   ALP↓, 1,   AST↓, 1,   EGFR↓, 4,   GutMicro↑, 1,   IL6↓, 1,   Ki-67↓, 3,   KRAS↓, 1,   PSA↓, 2,   TG/TAG↓, 1,   TRIB3↑, 1,  

Functional Outcomes(tgid=23) ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 1,   AntiTum↑, 3,   chemoP↑, 1,   OS↑, 2,   Risk↓, 2,  
Total Targets: 186

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


NA, unassigned(tgid=0) ⓘ

AntiBio↑, 1,   diuretic↑, 1,  

Redox & Oxidative Stress(tgid=1) ⓘ

antiOx↑, 18,   ARE↑, 2,   Bil↓, 1,   Bil↑, 2,   Catalase↑, 9,   Fenton↓, 2,   GCLC↑, 2,   GCLM↑, 2,   GPx↑, 6,   GSH↑, 12,   GSR↓, 1,   GSTA1↑, 1,   GSTs↑, 1,   H2O2↓, 2,   HO-1↑, 14,   HO-2↓, 1,   lipid-P↓, 10,   MDA↓, 7,   MPO↓, 1,   NQO1↑, 6,   NRF2↓, 1,   NRF2↑, 32,   RNS↓, 1,   ROS↓, 22,   mt-ROS↓, 1,   SOD↑, 14,   SOD1↑, 1,   SOD2↑, 1,   Trx1↑, 1,  

Metal & Cofactor Biology(tgid=2) ⓘ

Ferritin↑, 1,   IronCh↑, 3,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics(tgid=3) ⓘ

AIF↓, 1,   ATP↓, 1,   ATP↑, 1,   MMP↑, 2,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis(tgid=4) ⓘ

ALAT↓, 3,   AMPK↓, 1,   AMPK↑, 1,   p‑CREB↑, 1,   FGF21↑, 1,   GlucoseCon↑, 1,   Glycolysis↑, 1,   H2S↑, 1,   HK2↑, 1,   LDH↓, 1,   LDL↓, 3,   NAD↓, 1,   NADPH↓, 1,   PFK↑, 1,   PKM2↑, 1,   PPARα↑, 1,   PPARγ↑, 3,   SIRT1↑, 1,  

Cell Death(tgid=5) ⓘ

AhR↑, 1,   Akt↓, 1,   Akt↑, 1,   Apoptosis↓, 3,   BAX↓, 3,   Bcl-2↓, 1,   Bcl-2↑, 2,   Casp3↓, 3,   Casp9↓, 2,   Cyt‑c↓, 1,   GADD34↓, 1,   iNOS↓, 5,   JNK↓, 1,   p‑MAPK?, 1,   p‑MAPK↓, 1,   p38↓, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics(tgid=7) ⓘ

Ach↑, 1,   other↓, 1,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress(tgid=8) ⓘ

CHOP/DDIT3↓, 1,   HSPs↑, 1,  

Autophagy & Lysosomes(tgid=9) ⓘ

Beclin-1/ATG6↓, 1,   LC3II↓, 1,   TFEB↑, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair(tgid=10) ⓘ

DNArepair↑, 1,   P53↓, 3,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence(tgid=11) ⓘ

E2Fs↑, 1,   P21↓, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State(tgid=12) ⓘ

ERK↑, 1,   GSK‐3β↓, 2,   IGF-1↓, 1,   IGF-1R↓, 1,   mTOR↓, 4,   mTORC1↓, 1,   neuroG↑, 1,   PI3K↑, 1,   STAT↓, 1,  

Migration(tgid=13) ⓘ

5LO↓, 2,   AP-1↓, 2,   Ca+2↓, 2,   i-Ca+2↓, 1,   CDK5↓, 1,   CEA↓, 1,   MMP2↓, 2,   TG2/TGase↓, 1,   TXNIP↓, 1,   VCAM-1↓, 2,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature(tgid=14) ⓘ

angioG↑, 1,   ATF4↓, 1,   ATF4↑, 1,   NO↓, 5,   PDGFR-BB↓, 1,   VEGF↓, 1,  

Barriers & Transport(tgid=15) ⓘ

BBB↑, 4,   GastroP↑, 1,   GLUT4↑, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling(tgid=16) ⓘ

COX2/PTGS2↓, 6,   COX2/PTGS2↑, 1,   ICAM-1↓, 3,   IFN-γ↓, 1,   IL10↓, 1,   IL10↑, 1,   IL17↓, 2,   IL1β↓, 9,   IL2↓, 1,   IL23↓, 1,   IL4↓, 2,   IL6↓, 6,   IL8↓, 2,   Imm↓, 1,   Imm↑, 1,   INF-γ↓, 2,   Inflam↓, 19,   JAK↓, 1,   MCP1/CCL2↓, 2,   NF-kB↓, 11,   p65↓, 1,   PGE2↓, 4,   TLR4↓, 2,   TNF-α↓, 12,  

Synaptic & Neurotransmission(tgid=18) ⓘ

AChE↓, 2,   BDNF↓, 1,   BDNF↑, 4,   ChAT↑, 2,   tau↓, 1,   p‑tau↓, 3,  

Protein Aggregation(tgid=19) ⓘ

Aβ↓, 6,   BACE/β-secretase↓, 1,   NLRP3↓, 4,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance(tgid=21) ⓘ

BioAv↓, 4,   BioAv↑, 4,   BioAv↝, 2,   Dose↝, 2,   eff↑, 1,   Half-Life↝, 2,  

Clinical Biomarkers(tgid=22) ⓘ

ALAT↓, 3,   ALP↓, 1,   AST↓, 3,   Bil↓, 1,   Bil↑, 2,   CEA↓, 1,   creat↓, 1,   Ferritin↑, 1,   GutMicro↑, 5,   IL6↓, 6,   LDH↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes(tgid=23) ⓘ

AntiAge↑, 1,   AntiCan↑, 2,   AntiDiabetic↑, 2,   AntiTum↑, 1,   ANXi↓, 1,   cardioP↑, 5,   chemoPv↑, 1,   cognitive↑, 5,   hepatoP↓, 1,   hepatoP↑, 7,   memory↑, 9,   neuroP↑, 16,   Obesity↓, 1,   OS↑, 2,   radioP↑, 1,   RenoP↑, 3,   toxicity↓, 1,   toxicity↝, 2,   toxicity∅, 1,  

Infection & Microbiome(tgid=24) ⓘ

AntiViral↑, 1,   Bacteria↓, 1,   Sepsis↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 182

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: NRF2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
38 Sulforaphane (mainly Broccoli)
29 Curcumin
23 Quercetin
23 Thymoquinone
21 Resveratrol
17 EGCG (Epigallocatechin Gallate)
16 Lycopene
15 Shikonin
14 Luteolin
14 brusatol
14 Fisetin
13 Chemotherapy
13 Hydrogen Gas
13 Licochalcone A
13 Silymarin (Milk Thistle) silibinin
12 Alpha-Lipoic-Acid
12 Baicalein
11 doxorubicin
11 Ashwagandha(Withaferin A)
10 Apigenin (mainly Parsley)
10 Chrysin
10 isoorientin
9 Silver-NanoParticles
9 Selenite (Sodium)
9 Artemisinin
9 Radiotherapy/Radiation
9 Selenium
8 Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
8 Cisplatin
8 Boron
8 Chlorogenic acid
8 Propolis -bee glue
8 Isoliquiritigenin
8 Kaempferol
8 Pterostilbene
8 Rosmarinic acid
7 Carnosic acid
7 Hyperoside
7 Piperlongumine
6 Allicin (mainly Garlic)
6 Berberine
6 Beta-Caryophyllene
6 Honokiol
6 Isovitexin
5 Betulinic acid
5 Boswellia (frankincense)
5 Crocetin
5 isoquercitrin
4 Selenium NanoParticles
4 Vitexin
4 Phenethyl isothiocyanate
4 Urolithin
3 Astaxanthin
3 Berbamine
3 5-fluorouracil
3 xanthohumol
3 Brucea javanica
3 Capsaicin
3 Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE)
3 Carvacrol
3 Centella asiatica / Gotu kola → asiaticoside
3 Cichoric acid / Chicoric acid
3 Cynaropicrin
3 Disulfiram
3 Copper and Cu NanoParticles
3 Emodin
3 Ferulic acid
3 Gallic acid
3 Ginger/6-Shogaol/Gingerol
3 Ginkgetin
3 Magnetic Fields
3 Parthenolide
2 1,8-Cineole
2 Auranofin
2 Lapatinib
2 Thymol-Thymus vulgaris
2 methotrexate
2 Cinnamon
2 Carvone
2 Cucurbitacin
2 Cysteamine
2 Eugenol
2 Ginkgo biloba
2 Ginseng
2 Hydroxycinnamic-acid
2 HydroxyTyrosol
2 Metformin
2 Methylsulfonylmethane
2 Nimbolide
2 salinomycin
2 Taurine
1 Andrographis
1 Docetaxel
1 Baicalin
1 Biochanin A
1 Cannabidiol
1 buckwheat sprouts
1 Butyrate
1 Caffeic acid
1 Catechins
1 Cynanbungeigenin C (CBC) and D (CBD)
1 Celastrol
1 chaetocin
1 chitosan
1 Calorie Restriction Mimetics
1 Cynara scolymus/Globe Artichoke/Artichoke Extract
1 Ursolic acid
1 diet FMD Fasting Mimicking Diet
1 diet Methionine-Restricted Diet
1 D-limonene
1 Dandelion Root
1 Ellagic acid
1 Formononetin
1 Fucoidan
1 Shilajit/Fulvic Acid
1 Geraniol
1 Gossypol/AT-101
1 hydrogen sulfide
1 HydroxyCitric Acid
1 Isobavachalcone
1 iodine
1 Juglone
1 lambertianic acid
1 Licorice
1 Magnolol
1 Melatonin
1 Methyl salicylate / Sweet Birch oil
1 Aspirin
1 Mushroom Lion’s Mane
1 Myricetin
1 Oleuropein
1 Propyl gallate
1 Phenolic Acids
1 Piperine
1 Plumbagin
1 Polyphenols
1 Sulfasalazine
1 Oxygen, Hyperbaric
1 irinotecan
1 acetazolamide
1 Salvia miltiorrhiza
1 Spermidine
1 erastin
1 Terminalia bellirica
1 triptolide
1 Vanillic Acid
1 Mung Bean Sprouts
1 Vitamin B1/Thiamine
1 Vitamin D3
1 Vitamin K2
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:226  State#:%  Dir#:%
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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