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| Glutathione (GSH) is a thiol antioxidant that scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in the formation of oxidized glutathione (GSSG). Decreased amounts of GSH and a decreased GSH/GSSG ratio in tissues are biomarkers of oxidative stress. Glutathione is a powerful antioxidant found in every cell of the body, composed of three amino acids: cysteine, glutamine, and glycine. It plays a crucial role in protecting cells from oxidative stress, detoxifying harmful substances, and supporting the immune system. cancer cells can have elevated levels of glutathione, which may help them survive in the oxidative environment created by the immune response and chemotherapy. This can make cancer cells more resistant to treatment. While glutathione can be obtained from certain foods (like fruits, vegetables, and meats), its absorption from supplements is debated. Some people take N-acetylcysteine (NAC) or other precursors to boost glutathione levels, but the effects on cancer prevention or treatment are still being studied. Depleting glutathione (GSH) to raise reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a strategy that has been explored in cancer research and therapy. Many cancer cells have altered redox states and may rely on GSH to survive. Increasing ROS levels can induce stress in these cells, potentially leading to cell death. Certain drugs and compounds can deplete GSH levels. For example, agents like buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) inhibit the synthesis of GSH, leading to its depletion. Cancer cells tend to exhibit higher levels of intracellular GSH, possibly as an adaptive response to a higher metabolism and thus higher steady-state levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). "...intracellular glutathione (GSH) exhibits an astounding antioxidant activity in scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS)..." "Cancer cells have a high level of GSH compared to normal cells." "...cancer cells are affluent with high antioxidant levels, especially with GSH, whose appearance at an elevated concentration of ∼10 mM (10 times less in normal cells) detoxifies the cancer cells." "Therefore, GSH depletion can be assumed to be the key strategy to amplify the oxidative stress in cancer cells, enhancing the destruction of cancer cells by fruitful cancer therapy." The loss of GSH is broadly known to be directly related to the apoptosis progression. |
| 5055- | Ex, | Why exercise has a crucial role in cancer prevention, risk reduction and improved outcomes |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 3782- | FA, | Ferulic acid ameliorates bisphenol A (BPA)-induced Alzheimer’s disease-like pathology through Akt-ERK crosstalk pathway in male rats |
| - | in-vivo, | AD, | NA |
| 6871- | FA, | Sesame, | Nano-encapsulated ferulic acid in sesame protein isolate alleviates acrylamide-induced liver toxicity and genotoxicity in rats via oxidative stress and DNA damage modulation |
| - | in-vivo, | Nor, | NA |
| 6877- | FA, | The protective role of ferulic acid on sepsis-induced oxidative damage in Wistar albino rats |
| - | in-vivo, | Nor, | NA |
| 6885- | FA, | Mitigation of renal toxicity induced by paraquat using ferulic acid: Role of inflammatory pathways |
| - | in-vivo, | Nor, | NA |
| 1654- | FA, | Molecular mechanism of ferulic acid and its derivatives in tumor progression |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 2861- | FIS, | The neuroprotective effects of fisetin, a natural flavonoid in neurodegenerative diseases: Focus on the role of oxidative stress |
| - | Review, | Nor, | NA | - | Review, | Stroke, | NA | - | Review, | Park, | NA |
| 2825- | FIS, | Exploring the molecular targets of dietary flavonoid fisetin in cancer |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 6897- | FIS, | Fisetin: A Dietary Antioxidant for Health Promotion |
| - | Review, | Nor, | NA |
| 6922- | FIS, | Inhibition of Akt/mTOR signaling by the dietary flavonoid fisetin |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 6981- | Form, | Formononetin: a review of its source, pharmacology, drug combination, toxicity, derivatives, and drug delivery systems |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA | - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | Review, | PSA, | NA |
| 6976- | Form, | Study on the Mechanism of Formononetin Against Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Regulating Metabolic Pathways of Ferroptosis and Cell Cycle |
| - | vitro+vivo, | HCC, | HepG2 |
| 7006- | Fuc, | Seaweeds in the Oncology Arena: Anti-Cancer Potential of Fucoidan as a Drug—A Review |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 7007- | Fuc, | The Therapeutic Potential of the Anticancer Activity of Fucoidan: Current Advances and Hurdles |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 4028- | FulvicA, | Mineral pitch induces apoptosis and inhibits proliferation via modulating reactive oxygen species in hepatic cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Liver, | HUH7 |
| - | in-vitro, | Pca, | PC3 | - | in-vitro, | Pca, | DU145 |
| 7035- | GA, | Gallic acid attenuates LPS-induced inflammation in Caco-2 cells by suppressing the activation of the NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway |
| - | in-vitro, | IBD, | Caco-2 |
| 7040- | GA, | Effects of gallic acid on acrylamide-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress, neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis in rats |
| - | Trial, | AD, | NA |
| 7043- | GA, | Gallic acid-induced lung cancer cell death is related to glutathione depletion as well as reactive oxygen species increase |
| - | in-vitro, | Lung, | Calu-1 | - | in-vitro, | Lung, | A549 |
| 7049- | GA, | Pharmacological effects of gallic acid in health and diseases: A mechanistic review |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 1624- | GA, | Anticancer Effect of Pomegranate Peel Polyphenols against Cervical Cancer |
| - | in-vitro, | Cerv, | NA |
| 7066- | GamB, | Unravelling the Therapeutic Potential of Gambogic Acid: Deciphering Its Molecular Mechanism of Action and Emerging Role as an Anticancer Xanthone |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 823- | GAR, | Garcinol Potentiates TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis through Modulation of Death Receptors and Antiapoptotic Proteins |
| - | in-vitro, | BC, | MCF7 | - | in-vitro, | Nor, | MCF10 | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HCT116 |
| 3723- | GBE, | Can We Use Ginkgo biloba Extract to Treat Alzheimer’s Disease? Lessons from Preclinical and Clinical Studies |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA |
| 6562- | Ger, | Potential Effects of Geraniol on Cancer and Inflammation-Related Diseases: A Review of the Recent Research Findings |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA | - | Review, | AD, | NA |
| 6569- | Ger, | Geraniol inhibits cell growth and promotes caspase-dependent apoptosis in nasopharyngeal cancer C666-1 cells via inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway |
| - | in-vitro, | NPC, | C666-1 |
| 7140- | GI, | Benefits of Ginger and Its Constituent 6-Shogaol in Inhibiting Inflammatory Processes |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 6771- | GI, | A glimpse on influences of ginger and its derivatives as a feed additive in finfish farming: A mini-review |
| - | Review, | Nor, | NA |
| 7242- | Gink, | Cisplatin, | Ginkgetin reverses cisplatin resistance in cervical cancer by regulating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway to induce ferroptosis |
| - | in-vitro, | Cerv, | HeLa |
| 4511- | GLA, | Gamma-Linolenic Acid (GLA) Protects against Ionizing Radiation-Induced Damage: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study |
| - | vitro+vivo, | Nor, | RAW264.7 |
| 7338- | Gra, | Pharmacological Activities of Soursop (Annona muricata Lin.) |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 7487- | H2, | A comprehensive review of molecular hydrogen as a novel nutrition therapy in relieving oxidative stress and diseases: Mechanisms and perspectives |
| - | Review, | Nor, | NA |
| 3772- | H2, | Therapeutic potential of hydrogen-rich water in zebrafish model of Alzheimer’s disease: targeting oxidative stress, inflammation, and the gut-brain axis |
| - | in-vivo, | AD, | NA |
| 1638- | HCAs, | Anticancer potential of hydroxycinnamic acids: mechanisms, bioavailability, and therapeutic applications |
| - | Review, | Nor, | NA |
| 7358- | HibSad, | Chemopreventive properties and molecular mechanisms of the bioactive compounds in Hibiscus sabdariffa Linne |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 7359- | HibSad, | Novel Insight into the Cellular and Molecular Signalling Pathways on Cancer Preventing Effects of Hibiscus sabdariffa: A Review - PubMed |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 2873- | HNK, | Honokiol Alleviates Oxidative Stress-Induced Neurotoxicity via Activation of Nrf2 |
| - | in-vitro, | Nor, | PC12 |
| 2872- | HNK, | Honokiol alleviated neurodegeneration by reducing oxidative stress and improving mitochondrial function in mutant SOD1 cellular and mouse models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
| - | in-vivo, | ALS, | NA | - | NA, | Stroke, | NA | - | NA, | AD, | NA | - | NA, | Park, | NA |
| 2868- | HNK, | Honokiol: A review of its pharmacological potential and therapeutic insights |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA | - | Review, | Sepsis, | NA |
| 2893- | HNK, | doxoR, | Honokiol protects against doxorubicin cardiotoxicity via improving mitochondrial function in mouse hearts |
| - | in-vivo, | Nor, | NA |
| 5050- | HPT, | Reactive oxygen species, heat stress and oxidative-induced mitochondrial damage. A review |
| - | Review, | Nor, | NA |
| 4641- | HT, | Hydroxytyrosol induced ferroptosis through Nrf2 signaling pathway in colorectal cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HCT116 | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | SW48 |
| 7567- | HYP, | Hyperoside: A review on its sources, biological activities, and molecular mechanisms |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 7565- | HYP, | Potential Implications of Hyperoside on Oxidative Stress-Induced Human Diseases: A Comprehensive Review |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA |
| 7562- | HYP, | doxoR, | Hyperoside Inhibits Doxorubicin-Induced Ferroptosis in Cardiomyocytes via the Nrf2/GPX4 Pathway |
| - | in-vivo, | Nor, | NA |
| 7561- | HYP, | Hyperoside Exerts Therapeutic Effects on Parkinson's Disease by Mitigating Oxidative Stress through Activation of Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway |
| - | in-vivo, | Park, | NA |
| 7560- | HYP, | Hyperoside: A Review of Its Structure, Synthesis, Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics and Toxicity |
| - | Review, | Nor, | NA | - | Review, | AD, | NA |
| 7803- | IBC, | Isobavachalcone induces hepatotoxicity in zebrafish embryos and HepG2 cells via the System Xc--GSH-GPX4 signaling pathway in ferroptosis response |
| - | in-vivo, | Nor, | NA | - | in-vitro, | NA, | HepG2 |
| 7759- | ISL, | Rad, | Isoliquiritigenin, a Bioactive Blood Component Derived from Licorice, Activates Nrf2 Enzymes to Confer Protection Against Radiation-Induced Nerve Injury |
| - | vitro+vivo, | Nor, | PC12 |
| 7782- | ISL, | BUT, | SCP, | Butein, isoliquiritigenin, and scopoletin attenuate neurodegeneration via antioxidant enzymes and SIRT1/ADAM10 signaling pathway |
| - | in-vitro, | AD, | SH-SY5Y |
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers. Such Conditions may include : -low or high Dose -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations -different cell line effects -synergies with other products -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells
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