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| Type: |
| Destruction of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, which is widely regarded as one of the earliest events in the process of cell apoptosis. Mitochondria are organelles within eukaryotic cells that produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the main energy molecule used by the cell. For this reason, the mitochondrion is sometimes referred to as “the powerhouse of the cell”. Mitochondria produce ATP through process of cellular respiration—specifically, aerobic respiration, which requires oxygen. The citric acid cycle, or Krebs cycle, takes place in the mitochondria. The mitochondrial membrane potential is widely used in assessing mitochondrial function as it relates to the mitochondrial capacity of ATP generation by oxidative phosphorylation. The mitochondrial membrane potential is a reliable indicator of mitochondrial health. In cancer cells, ΔΨm is often decreased, which can lead to changes in cellular metabolism, increased glycolysis, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and altered cell death pathways. The membrane of malignant mitochondria is hyperpolarized (−220 mV) in comparison to their healthy counterparts (−160 mV), which facilitates the penetration of positively charged molecules to the cancer cells mitochondria. The MMP is a critical indicator of mitochondrial function, directly reflecting the organelle's capacity to generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. |
| 5148- | GamB, | Gambogic acid: A shining natural compound to nanomedicine for cancer therapeutics |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 5149- | GamB, | Gambogic acid induces mitochondria-dependent apoptosis by modulation of Bcl-2 and Bax in mantle cell lymphoma JeKo-1 cells |
| - | in-vitro, | lymphoma, | JeKo-1 |
| 1955- | GamB, | Gambogic acid inhibits thioredoxin activity and induces ROS-mediated cell death in castration-resistant prostate cancer |
| - | in-vitro, | Pca, | PC3 | - | in-vitro, | Pca, | LNCaP | - | in-vitro, | Pca, | DU145 |
| 1957- | GamB, | Nanoscale Features of Gambogic Acid Induced ROS-Dependent Apoptosis in Esophageal Cancer Cells Imaged by Atomic Force Microscopy |
| - | in-vitro, | ESCC, | EC9706 |
| 1959- | GamB, | Gambogic acid induces GSDME dependent pyroptotic signaling pathway via ROS/P53/Mitochondria/Caspase-3 in ovarian cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Ovarian, | NA | - | in-vivo, | NA, | NA |
| 1962- | GamB, | HCQ, | Gambogic acid induces autophagy and combines synergistically with chloroquine to suppress pancreatic cancer by increasing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species |
| - | in-vitro, | PC, | NA |
| 1971- | GamB, | Gambogic acid triggers vacuolization-associated cell death in cancer cells via disruption of thiol proteostasis |
| - | in-vitro, | Nor, | MCF10 | - | in-vitro, | BC, | MDA-MB-435 | - | in-vitro, | BC, | MDA-MB-468 | - | in-vivo, | NA, | NA |
| 805- | GAR, | Cisplatin, | PacT, | Garcinol Exhibits Anti-Neoplastic Effects by Targeting Diverse Oncogenic Factors in Tumor Cells |
| - | Review, | NA, | NA |
| 821- | GAR, | Garcinol inhibits cell growth in hepatocellular carcinoma Hep3B cells through induction of ROS-dependent apoptosis |
| - | in-vitro, | Liver, | Hep3B |
| 831- | GAR, | CUR, | Induction of apoptosis by garcinol and curcumin through cytochrome c release and activation of caspases in human leukemia HL-60 cells |
| - | in-vitro, | AML, | HL-60 |
| 3721- | Gb, | Ginkgo biloba Extract in Alzheimer’s Disease: From Action Mechanisms to Medical Practice |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA |
| 4513- | GLA, | Antineoplastic Effects of Gamma Linolenic Acid on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Lines |
| - | in-vitro, | Liver, | HUH7 |
| 4506- | GLA, | A basal level of γ-linolenic acid depletes Ca2+ stores and induces endoplasmic reticulum and oxidative stresses to cause death of breast cancer BT-474 cells |
| - | in-vitro, | BC, | BT474 |
| 1901- | GoldNP, | Rad, | The role of thioredoxin reductase in gold nanoparticle radiosensitization effects |
| - | in-vitro, | Lung, | A549 |
| 1904- | GoldNP, | AgNPs, | Unveiling the Potential of Innovative Gold(I) and Silver(I) Selenourea Complexes as Anticancer Agents Targeting TrxR and Cellular Redox Homeostasis |
| - | in-vitro, | Lung, | H157 | - | in-vitro, | BC, | MCF-7 | - | in-vitro, | Colon, | HCT15 | - | in-vitro, | Melanoma, | A375 |
| 845- | Gra, | A Review on Annona muricata and Its Anticancer Activity |
| - | Review, | NA, | NA |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HT-29 | - | in-vitro, | Nor, | CCD841 |
| 835- | Gra, | Annona muricata leaves induced apoptosis in A549 cells through mitochondrial-mediated pathway and involvement of NF-κB |
| - | in-vitro, | Lung, | A549 |
| 858- | Gra, | Annona muricata leaves induce G₁ cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through mitochondria-mediated pathway in human HCT-116 and HT-29 colon cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HT-29 | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HCT116 |
| 850- | Gra, | Selective cytotoxic and anti-metastatic activity in DU-145 prostate cancer cells induced by Annona muricata L. bark extract and phytochemical, annonacin |
| - | in-vitro, | PC, | PC3 | - | in-vitro, | Pca, | DU145 |
| 1233- | Gra, | THERAPEUTIC ELIGIBILITY OF GRAVIOLA VERSUS 5-FLUOROURACIL: APOPTOTIC EFFICACY ON HEAD AND NECK SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA AND NORMAL EPITHELIUM CELLS |
| - | in-vitro, | HNSCC, | NA |
| 1232- | Gra, | Graviola: A Systematic Review on Its Anticancer Properties |
| - | Review, | NA, | NA |
| 2438- | Gra, | Emerging therapeutic potential of graviola and its constituents in cancers |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 1644- | HCAs, | PBG, | Artepillin C (3,5-diprenyl-4-hydroxycinnamic acid) sensitizes LNCaP prostate cancer cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis |
| - | in-vitro, | Pca, | LNCaP |
| 2071- | HNK, | Identification of senescence rejuvenation mechanism of Magnolia officinalis extract including honokiol as a core ingredient |
| - | Review, | Nor, | HaCaT |
| 2073- | HNK, | Honokiol induces apoptosis and autophagy via the ROS/ERK1/2 signaling pathway in human osteosarcoma cells in vitro and in vivo |
| - | in-vitro, | OS, | U2OS | - | in-vivo, | NA, | NA |
| 4238- | HNK, | Neuropharmacological potential of honokiol and its derivatives from Chinese herb Magnolia species: understandings from therapeutic viewpoint |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | NA, | Park, | NA |
| 2869- | HNK, | Nature's neuroprotector: Honokiol and its promise for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | Review, | Park, | NA |
| 2864- | HNK, | Honokiol: A Review of Its Anticancer Potential and Mechanisms |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 2887- | HNK, | Honokiol Restores Microglial Phagocytosis by Reversing Metabolic Reprogramming |
| - | in-vitro, | AD, | BV2 |
| 2889- | HNK, | doxoR, | Honokiol, an activator of Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) preserves mitochondria and protects the heart from doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy in mice |
| - | in-vivo, | Nor, | NA |
| 886- | HPT, | Impact of hyper- and hypothermia on cellular and whole-body physiology |
| - | Analysis, | NA, | NA |
| 4640- | HT, | The anti-cancer potential of hydroxytyrosol |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 4641- | HT, | Hydroxytyrosol induced ferroptosis through Nrf2 signaling pathway in colorectal cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HCT116 | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | SW48 |
| 1927- | JG, | Juglone-induced apoptosis in human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells via the mitochondrial pathway |
| - | in-vitro, | GC, | SGC-7901 |
| 1926- | JG, | Mechanism of juglone-induced apoptosis of MCF-7 cells by the mitochondrial pathway |
| - | in-vitro, | BC, | MCF-7 |
| 1925- | JG, | Redox regulation of mitochondrial functional activity by quinones |
| - | in-vitro, | NA, | NA |
| 5118- | JG, | Juglone induces apoptosis and autophagy via modulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells |
| - | in-vitro, | HCC, | HepG2 |
| 5114- | JG, | Juglone, from Juglans mandshruica Maxim, inhibits growth and induces apoptosis in human leukemia cell HL-60 through a reactive oxygen species-dependent mechanism |
| - | in-vitro, | AML, | HL-60 |
| 5115- | JG, | Natural Products to Fight Cancer: A Focus on Juglans regia |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 2923- | LT, | Luteolin induces apoptosis through endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in Neuro-2a mouse neuroblastoma cells |
| - | in-vitro, | NA, | NA |
| 2912- | LT, | Luteolin: a flavonoid with a multifaceted anticancer potential |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 2913- | LT, | Luteolin induces apoptosis by impairing mitochondrial function and targeting the intrinsic apoptosis pathway in gastric cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | GC, | HGC27 | - | in-vitro, | BC, | MCF-7 | - | in-vitro, | GC, | MKN45 |
| 2904- | LT, | Luteolin from Purple Perilla mitigates ROS insult particularly in primary neurons |
| - | in-vitro, | Park, | SK-N-SH | - | in-vitro, | AD, | NA |
| 2903- | LT, | Luteolin induces apoptosis by ROS/ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in gliomablastoma |
| - | in-vitro, | GBM, | U251 | - | in-vitro, | GBM, | U87MG | - | in-vivo, | NA, | NA |
| 2916- | LT, | Antioxidative and Anticancer Potential of Luteolin: A Comprehensive Approach Against Wide Range of Human Malignancies |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA | - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | Review, | Park, | NA |
| 3263- | Lyco, | Lycopene protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening |
| - | in-vitro, | Nor, | H9c2 | - | in-vitro, | Stroke, | NA |
| 4779- | Lyco, | Lycopene Inhibits Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated NF-κB Signaling and Induces Apoptosis in Pancreatic Cancer Cells |
| - | in-vitro, | PC, | PANC1 |
| 4783- | Lyco, | Lycopene suppresses gastric cancer cell growth without affecting normal gastric epithelial cells |
| - | in-vitro, | GC, | AGS | - | in-vitro, | GC, | SGC-7901 | - | in-vitro, | Nor, | GES-1 |
| 4789- | Lyco, | Inhibitory Effect of Lycopene on Amyloid-β-Induced Apoptosis in Neuronal Cells |
| - | in-vitro, | AD, | SH-SY5Y |
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers. Such Conditions may include : -low or high Dose -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations -different cell line effects -synergies with other products -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells
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