PARP Cancer Research Results

PARP, poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) cleavage: Click to Expand ⟱
Source:
Type:
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage is a hallmark of caspase activation. PARP (Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase) is a family of proteins involved in a variety of cellular processes, including DNA repair, genomic stability, and programmed cell death. PARP enzymes play a crucial role in repairing single-strand breaks in DNA.
PARP has gained significant attention, particularly in the treatment of certain types of tumors, such as those with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations. These mutations impair the cell's ability to repair double-strand breaks in DNA through homologous recombination. Cancer cells with these mutations can become reliant on PARP for survival, making them particularly sensitive to PARP inhibitors.
PARP inhibitors, such as olaparib, rucaparib, and niraparib, have been developed as targeted therapies for cancers associated with BRCA mutations.

PARP Family:
The poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) are a family of enzymes involved in a number of cellular processes, including DNA repair, genomic stability, and programmed cell death.
PARP1 is the predominant family member responsible for detecting DNA strand breaks and initiating repair processes, especially through base excision repair (BER).

PARP1 Overexpression:
In several cancer types—including breast, ovarian, prostate, and lung cancers—elevated PARP1 expression and/or activity has been reported.
High PARP1 expression in certain cancers has been associated with aggressive tumor behavior and resistance to therapies (especially those that induce DNA damage).
Increased PARP1 activity may correlate with poorer overall survival in tumors that rely on DNA repair for survival.
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
2946- PL,    Piperlongumine, a potent anticancer phytotherapeutic: Perspectives on contemporary status and future possibilities as an anticancer agent
- Review, Var, NA
ROS↑, GSH↓, DNAdam↑, ChemoSen↑, RadioS↑, BioEnh↑, selectivity↑, BioAv↓, eff↑, p‑Akt↓, mTOR↓, GSK‐3β↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, HK2↓, Glycolysis↓, Cyt‑c↑, Casp9↑, Casp3↑, Casp7↑, cl‑PARP↑, TrxR↓, ER Stress↑, ATF4↝, CHOP↑, Prx4↑, NF-kB↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, CDK4↓, CDK6↓, p‑RB1↓, RAS↓, cMyc↓, TumCCA↑, selectivity↑, STAT3↓, NRF2↑, HO-1↑, PTEN↑, P-gp↓, MDR1↓, MRP1/ABCC1↓, survivin↓, Twist↓, AP-1↓, Sp1/3/4↓, STAT1↓, STAT6↓, SOX4↑, XBP-1↑, P21↑, eff↑, Inflam↓, COX2↓, IL6↓, MMP9↓, TumMeta↓, TumCI↓, ICAM-1↓, CXCR4↓, VEGF↓, angioG↓, Half-Life↝, BioAv↑,
2955- PL,    Heme Oxygenase-1 Determines the Differential Response of Breast Cancer and Normal Cells to Piperlongumine
- in-vitro, BC, MCF7 - in-vitro, Nor, MCF10
ROS?, *ROS∅, other⇅, HO-1↑, *HO-1↑, NRF2↑, Keap1↓, cl‑PARP↑, selectivity↑, GSH↓, GSSG↑,
5160- PLB,  VitK3,    Plumbagin, Vitamin K3 Analogue, Suppresses STAT3 Activation Pathway through Induction of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, SHP-1: Potential Role in Chemosensitization
- in-vitro, Melanoma, U266
STAT3↓, cSrc↓, JAK1↓, JAK2↓, SHP1↑, cycD1/CCND1↓, Bcl-xL↓, VEGF↓, Casp3↑, cl‑PARP↑, TumCCA↑, ChemoSen↑,
3350- QC,    Quercetin and the mitochondria: A mechanistic view
- Review, NA, NA
*antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *NRF2↑, ROS⇅, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *PPARα↑, *PGC-1α↑, *SIRT1↑, *ATP↑, ATP↓, ERK↓, cl‑PARP↑, Casp9↑, Casp8↑, BAX↑, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, Casp3↑, HSP27↓, HSP72↓, RAS↓, Raf↓,
3343- QC,    Quercetin, a Flavonoid with Great Pharmacological Capacity
- Review, Var, NA - Review, AD, NA - Review, Arthritis, NA
*antiOx↑, *ROS↓, *angioG↓, *Inflam↓, *BioAv↓, *Half-Life↑, *GSH↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *Nrf1↑, *BP↓, *cardioP↑, *IL10↓, *TNF-α↓, *Aβ↓, *GSK‐3β↓, *tau↓, *neuroP↑, *Pain↓, *COX2↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *IL1β↓, *IL17↓, *MCP1↓, PKCδ↓, ERK↓, BAX↓, cMyc↓, KRAS↓, ROS↓, selectivity↑, tumCV↓, Apoptosis↑, TumCCA↑, eff↑, P-gp↓, eff↑, eff↑, eff↑, eff↑, CycB/CCNB1↓, CDK1↓, CDK4↓, CDK2↓, TOP2↓, Cyt‑c↑, cl‑PARP↑, MMP↓, HSP70/HSPA5↓, HSP90↓, MDM2↓, RAS↓, eff↑,
3369- QC,    Pharmacological basis and new insights of quercetin action in respect to its anti-cancer effects
- Review, Pca, NA
FAK↓, TumCCA↑, p‑pRB↓, CDK2↑, CycB/CCNB1↓, CDK1↓, EMT↓, PI3K↓, MAPK↓, Wnt↓, ROS↑, miR-21↑, Akt↓, NF-kB↓, FasL↑, Bak↑, BAX↑, Bcl-2↓, Casp3↓, Casp9↑, P53↑, p38↑, MAPK↑, Cyt‑c↑, PARP↓, CHOP↑, ROS↓, LDH↑, GRP78/BiP↑, ERK↑, MDA↓, SOD↑, GSH↑, NRF2↑, VEGF↓, PDGF↓, EGF↓, FGF↓, TNF-α↓, TGF-β↓, VEGFR2↓, EGFR↓, FGFR1↓, mTOR↓, cMyc↓, MMPs↓, LC3B-II↑, Beclin-1↑, IL1β↓, CRP↓, IL10↓, COX2↓, IL6↓, TLR4↓, Shh↓, HER2/EBBR2↓, NOTCH↓, DR5↑, HSP70/HSPA5↓, CSCs↓, angioG↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, IGFBP3↑, uPA↓, uPAR↓, RAS↓, Raf↓, TSP-1↑,
3371- QC,    Quercetin induces MGMT+ glioblastoma cells apoptosis via dual inhibition of Wnt3a/β-Catenin and Akt/NF-κB signaling pathways
- in-vitro, GBM, T98G
TIMP2↑, TumCG↓, TumCMig↓, Apoptosis↑, TumCCA↑, MMP↓, ROS↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, cl‑Casp9↑, cl‑Casp3↑, DNAdam↑, γH2AX↑, MGMT↓, cl‑PARP↑,
66- QC,    Emerging impact of quercetin in the treatment of prostate cancer
- Review, Pca, NA
CycB/CCNB1↓, CDK1↓, EMT↓, PI3K↓, MAPK↓, Wnt/(β-catenin)↓, PSA↓, VEGF↓, PARP↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, DR5↑, ROS⇅, Shh↓, P53↑, P21↑, EGFR↓, TumCCA↑, ROS↑, miR-21↓, TumCP↓, selectivity↑, PDGF↓, EGF↓, TNF-α↓, VEGFR2↓, mTOR↓, cMyc↓, MMPs↓, GRP78/BiP↑, CHOP↑,
71- QC,    Role of Bax in quercetin-induced apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells
- in-vitro, Pca, LNCaP - in-vitro, Pca, PrEC - in-vitro, Pca, YPEN-1 - in-vitro, Pca, HCT116
Casp8↑, Casp9↑, PARP↑, BAD↓, BAX↑, PI3K/Akt↓, Cyt‑c↑, selectivity↑,
41- QC,    Quercetin induces mitochondrial-derived apoptosis via reactive oxygen species-mediated ERK activation in HL-60 leukemia cells and xenograft
- vitro+vivo, AML, HL-60
Casp8↑, Casp9↑, Casp3↑, ROS↑, ERK↑, cl‑PARP↑, MMP↓, eff↓,
90- QC,  HP,    Combination of quercetin and hyperoside inhibits prostate cancer cell growth and metastasis via regulation of microRNA‑21
- in-vitro, Pca, PC3
ROS↑, cl‑Casp3↑, cl‑PARP↑, miR-21↓, PDCD4↑, TAC↑, tumCV↓, TumCI↓,
86- QC,  PacT,    Quercetin regulates insulin like growth factor signaling and induces intrinsic and extrinsic pathway mediated apoptosis in androgen independent prostate cancer cells (PC-3)
- vitro+vivo, Pca, PC3
BAD↑, IGFBP3↑, Cyt‑c↑, cl‑Casp9↑, Casp10↑, cl‑PARP↑, Casp3↑, IGF-1R↓, PI3K↓, p‑Akt↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, IGF-1↓, IGF-2↓, IGF-1R↓, MMP↓, Apoptosis↑, NA?,
923- QC,    Quercetin as an innovative therapeutic tool for cancer chemoprevention: Molecular mechanisms and implications in human health
- Review, Var, NA
ROS↑, GSH↓, Ca+2↝, MMP↓, Casp3↑, Casp8↑, Casp9↑, other↓, *ROS↓, *NRF2↑, HO-1↑, TumCCA↑, Inflam↓, STAT3↓, DR5↑, P450↓, MMPs↓, IFN-γ↓, IL6↓, COX2↓, IL8↓, iNOS↓, TNF-α↓, cl‑PARP↑, Apoptosis↑, P53↑, Sp1/3/4↓, survivin↓, TRAILR↑, Casp10↑, DFF45↑, TNFR 1↑, Fas↑, NF-kB↓, IKKα↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, Bcl-2↓, BAX↑, PI3K↓, Akt↓, E-cadherin↓, Vim↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, cMyc↓, EMT↓, MMP2↓, NOTCH1↓, MMP7↓, angioG↓, TSP-1↑, CSCs↓, XIAP↓, Snail↓, Slug↓, LEF1↓, P-gp↓, EGFR↓, GSK‐3β↓, mTOR↓, RAGE↓, HSP27↓, VEGF↓, TGF-β↓, COL1↓, COL3A1↓,
2439- RES,    By reducing hexokinase 2, resveratrol induces apoptosis in HCC cells addicted to aerobic glycolysis and inhibits tumor growth in mice
- in-vitro, HCC, HCCLM3 - in-vitro, Nor, L02 - in-vitro, HCC, SMMC-7721 cell - in-vitro, HCC, Bel-7402 - in-vitro, HCC, HUH7
HK2↓, ChemoSen↑, other↑, Glycolysis↓, lactateProd↓, TumCP↓, Casp3↑, cl‑PARP↑, PKM2↓,
3097- RES,    Resveratrol Induces Notch2-mediated Apoptosis and Suppression of Neuroendocrine Markers in Medullary Thyroid Cancer
- in-vitro, Thyroid, TT
TumCG↓, cl‑Casp3↑, p‑PARP↑, NOTCH2↑,
2981- RES,    Resveratrol suppresses IGF-1 induced human colon cancer cell proliferation and elevates apoptosis via suppression of IGF-1R/Wnt and activation of p53 signaling pathways
- in-vitro, Colon, HT-29 - in-vitro, Colon, SW48
TumCCA↑, p27↑, cycD1/CCND1↓, TumCP↓, IGF-1R↓, Akt↓, Wnt↓, P53↑, Apoptosis↑, Sp1/3/4↓, cl‑PARP↑, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, MDM2↓,
104- RES,  QC,    Resveratrol and Quercetin in Combination Have Anticancer Activity in Colon Cancer Cells and Repress Oncogenic microRNA-27a
- in-vitro, Colon, HT-29
Casp3↑, PARP↑, survivin↓, miR-27a-3p↓, Sp1/3/4↓, ZBTB10↑, ROS⇅, TAC↑, tumCV↓,
3002- RosA,    Anticancer Effects of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Extract and Rosemary Extract Polyphenols
- Review, Var, NA
TumCG↓, TumCP↓, TumCCA↑, ChemoSen↑, NRF2↑, PERK↑, SESN2↑, HO-1↑, cl‑Casp3↑, ROS↑, UPR↑, ER Stress↑, CHOP↑, HER2/EBBR2↓, ER-α36↓, PSA↓, BAX↑, AR↓, P-gp↓, Cyt‑c↑, HSP70/HSPA5↑, eff↑, p‑Akt↓, p‑mTOR↓, p‑P70S6K↓, cl‑PARP↑, eff↑,
3001- RosA,    Therapeutic Potential of Rosmarinic Acid: A Comprehensive Review
- Review, Var, NA
TumCP↓, Apoptosis↑, TumMeta↓, Inflam↓, *antiOx↑, *AntiAge↑, *ROS↓, BioAv↑, Dose↝, NRF2↑, P-gp↑, ATP↑, MMPs↓, cl‑PARP↓, Hif1a↓, GlucoseCon↓, lactateProd↓, Warburg↓, TNF-α↓, COX2↓, IL6↓, HDAC2↓, GSH↑, ROS↓, ChemoSen↑, *BG↓, *IL1β↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL6↓, *p‑JNK↓, *p38↓, *Catalase↑, *SOD↑, *GSTs↑, *VitC↑, *VitE↑, *GSH↑, *GutMicro↑, *cardioP↑, *ROS↓, *MMP↓, *lipid-P↓, *NRF2↑, *hepatoP↑, *neuroP↑, *P450↑, *HO-1↑, *AntiAge↑, *motorD↓,
5002- Sal,  SFN,    Salinomycin and Sulforaphane Exerted Synergistic Antiproliferative and Proapoptotic Effects on Colorectal Cancer Cells by Inhibiting the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway in vitro and in vivo
- in-vivo, CRC, Caco-2 - vitro+vivo, CRC, CX-1
Apoptosis↑, PI3K↓, Akt↓, P53↑, BAX↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, p‑PARP↑, TumCMig↓,
4906- Sal,    A Concise Review of Prodigious Salinomycin and Its Derivatives Effective in Treatment of Breast Cancer: (2012–2022)
- Review, BC, NA
CSCs↓, Casp3↑, cl‑PARP↝, Apoptosis↑, ROS↑, ABC↓, OXPHOS↓, Glycolysis↓, eff↑, TumAuto↑, DNAdam↑, Wnt↓, Ferritin↓, Iron↑,
6442- SAO,    Medicinal properties of alpha-santalol, a naturally occurring constituent of sandalwood oil: review
- Review, RCC, NA
AntiTum↑, Apoptosis↑, TumCCA↑, *Inflam↓, selectivity↑, tumCV↓, Casp8↓, Casp9↓, Casp6↓, Casp3↓, cl‑PARP↑, angioG↓, VEGFR2↓, Akt↑, mTOR↓, TumCG↓, *GSTs↑, *antiOx↑, *ROS↓,
6443- SAO,    α-Santalol, a derivative of sandalwood oil, induces apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells by causing caspase-3 activation
- in-vitro, Pca, PC3
tumCV↓, Apoptosis↑, DNAdam↑, Casp3↑, cl‑PARP↑, TumCG↓,
6445- SAO,    Antineoplastic Effects of α-Santalol on Estrogen Receptor-Positive and Estrogen Receptor-Negative Breast Cancer Cells through Cell Cycle Arrest at G2/M Phase and Induction of Apoptosis
- in-vitro, BC, MDA-MB-231 - in-vitro, Nor, MCF10 - in-vitro, BC, MCF-10AT
tumCV↓, TumCP↓, selectivity↑, TumCCA↑, DNAdam↑, Casp↑, cl‑PARP↑, Casp3↑, Casp6↑, Casp7↑,
4504- SeNPs,  Chit,  FA,  doxoR,    pH-responsive selenium nanoparticles stabilized by folate-chitosan delivering doxorubicin for overcoming drug-resistant cancer cells
- in-vitro, Var, NA
ChemoSen↑, Apoptosis↑, Casp3↑, PARP↝,
2448- SFN,    Sulforaphane and bladder cancer: a potential novel antitumor compound
- Review, Bladder, NA
Apoptosis↑, TumCG↓, TumCI↓, TumMeta↓, glucoNG↓, ChemoSen↑, TumCCA↑, Casp3↑, Casp7↑, cl‑PARP↑, survivin↓, EGFR↓, HER2/EBBR2↓, ATP↓, Glycolysis↓, mt-OXPHOS↓, AKT1↓, HK2↓, Hif1a↓, ROS↑, NRF2↑, EMT↓, COX2↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, Zeb1↓, Snail↓, HDAC↓, HATs↓, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↓, Shh↓, Smo↓, Gli1↓, BioAv↝, BioAv↝, Dose↝,
1459- SFN,  AF,    Auranofin Enhances Sulforaphane-Mediated Apoptosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Hep3B Cells through Inactivation of the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway
- in-vitro, Liver, Hep3B - in-vitro, Liver, HepG2
eff↑, TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, MMP↓, BAX↑, cl‑PARP↑, Casp3↑, Casp8↑, Casp9↑, ROS↑, eff↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, TrxR↓, BAX↑, Bcl-2∅,
1463- SFN,    Sulforaphane induces reactive oxygen species-mediated mitotic arrest and subsequent apoptosis in human bladder cancer 5637 cells
- in-vitro, Bladder, 5637
tumCV↓, CycB/CCNB1↑, p‑CDK1↑, Apoptosis↑, Casp8↑, Casp9↑, Casp3↑, cl‑PARP↑, ROS↑, eff↓,
1458- SFN,    Sulforaphane Impact on Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in Bladder Carcinoma
- Review, Bladder, NA
HDAC↓, eff↓, TumW↓, TumW↓, angioG↓, *toxicity↓, GutMicro↝, AntiCan↑, ROS↑, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, Casp8∅, cl‑PARP↑, TRAIL↑, DR5↑, eff↓, NRF2↑, ER Stress↑, COX2↓, EGFR↓, HER2/EBBR2↓, ChemoSen↑, NF-kB↓, TumCCA?, p‑Akt↓, p‑mTOR↓, p70S6↓, p19↑, P21↑, CD44↓, CSCs↓,
1456- SFN,    Sulforaphane regulates cell proliferation and induces apoptotic cell death mediated by ROS-cell cycle arrest in pancreatic cancer cells
- in-vitro, PC, MIA PaCa-2 - in-vitro, PC, PANC1
tumCV↓, TumCP↓, cl‑PARP↑, cl‑Casp3↑, TumCCA↑, ROS↑, MMP↓, γH2AX↑, eff↓, *toxicity↓,
1508- SFN,    Nrf2 targeting by sulforaphane: A potential therapy for cancer treatment
- Review, Var, NA
*BioAv↑, HDAC↓, TumCCA↓, eff↓, Wnt↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, Casp12?, Bcl-2↓, cl‑PARP↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, IAP1↓, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, Telomerase↓, hTERT/TERT↓, ROS?, DNMTs↓, angioG↓, VEGF↓, Hif1a↓, cMYB↓, MMP1↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, ERK↑, E-cadherin↑, CD44↓, MMP2↓, eff↑, IL2↑, IFN-γ↑, IL1β↓, IL6↓, TNF-α↓, NF-kB↓, ERK↓, NRF2↑, RadioS↑, ChemoSideEff↓,
1482- SFN,    Sulforaphane induces apoptosis in T24 human urinary bladder cancer cells through a reactive oxygen species-mediated mitochondrial pathway: the involvement of endoplasmic reticulum stress and the Nrf2 signaling pathway
- in-vitro, Bladder, T24/HTB-9
tumCV↓, Apoptosis↑, Cyt‑c↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, Casp9↑, Casp3↑, Casp8∅, cl‑PARP↑, ROS↑, MMP↓, eff↓, ER Stress↑, p‑NRF2↑, HO-1↑,
1726- SFN,    Sulforaphane: A Broccoli Bioactive Phytocompound with Cancer Preventive Potential
- Review, Var, NA
Dose↝, eff↝, IL1β↓, IL6↓, IL12↓, TNF-α↓, COX2↓, CXCR4↓, MPO↓, HSP70/HSPA5↓, HSP90↓, VCAM-1↓, IKKα↓, NF-kB↓, HO-1↑, Casp3↑, Casp7↑, Casp8↑, Casp9↑, cl‑PARP↑, Cyt‑c↑, Diablo↑, CHOP↑, survivin↓, XIAP↓, p38↑, Fas↑, PUMA↑, VEGF↓, Hif1a↓, Twist↓, Zeb1↓, Vim↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, E-cadherin↑, N-cadherin↓, Snail↓, CD44↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, cycA1/CCNA1↓, CycB/CCNB1↓, cycE/CCNE↓, CDK4↓, CDK6↓, p50↓, P53↑, P21↑, GSH↑, SOD↑, GSTs↑, mTOR↓, Akt↓, PI3K↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, IGF-1↓, cMyc↓, CSCs↓,
1723- SFN,    Sulforaphane as a potential remedy against cancer: Comprehensive mechanistic review
- Review, Var, NA
*NRF2↑, ROS↑, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, cl‑PARP↑, Apoptosis↑, AMPK↑, GSH↓,
3304- SIL,    Silymarin induces inhibition of growth and apoptosis through modulation of the MAPK signaling pathway in AGS human gastric cancer cells
- in-vitro, GC, AGS - in-vivo, NA, NA
BAX↑, p‑JNK↑, p‑p38↑, cl‑PARP↑, Bcl-2↓, p‑ERK↓, TumVol↓, Apoptosis↑, tumCV↓,
3305- SIL,    Silymarin inhibits proliferation of human breast cancer cells via regulation of the MAPK signaling pathway and induction of apoptosis
- in-vitro, BC, MDA-MB-231 - in-vitro, BC, MCF7 - in-vivo, NA, NA
TumCP↓, tumCV↓, BAX↑, cl‑PARP↑, Casp9↑, p‑JNK↑, Bcl-2↓, p‑p38↓, p‑ERK↓, *toxicity∅, Dose↝, *hepatoP↑, Inflam↓, AntiCan↑,
3296- SIL,    Silibinin induces oral cancer cell apoptosis and reactive oxygen species generation by activating the JNK/c-Jun pathway
- in-vitro, Oral, Ca9-22 - in-vivo, Oral, YD10B
TumCP↓, TumCCA↑, ROS↑, SOD1↓, SOD2↓, *JNK↑, toxicity?, TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, N-cadherin↓, Vim↓, E-cadherin↑, EMT↓, P53↑, cl‑Casp3↑, cl‑PARP↑, BAX↑, Bcl-2↓, SOD↓,
3293- SIL,    Silymarin (milk thistle extract) as a therapeutic agent in gastrointestinal cancer
- Review, Var, NA
hepatoP↑, TumMeta↓, Inflam↓, chemoP↑, radioP↑, Half-Life↝, *GSTs↑, p‑JNK↑, BAX↑, p‑p38↑, cl‑PARP↑, Bcl-2↓, p‑ERK↓, TumVol↓, eff↑, TumCCA↑, STAT3↓, Mcl-1↓, survivin↓, Bcl-xL↓, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, eff↑, CXCR4↓, Dose↝,
109- SIL,    Silibinin induces apoptosis through inhibition of the mTOR-GLI1-BCL2 pathway in renal cell carcinoma
- vitro+vivo, RCC, 769-P - in-vitro, RCC, 786-O - in-vitro, RCC, ACHN - in-vitro, RCC, OS-RC-2
HH↓, Gli1↓, GLI2↓, mTOR↓, Bcl-2↓, Apoptosis↑, Casp3↑, PARP↑, TumCG↓,
2355- SK,    Pharmacological properties and derivatives of shikonin-A review in recent years
- Review, Var, NA
AntiCan↑, TumCP↓, TumCMig↓, Apoptosis↑, TumAuto↑, Necroptosis↑, ROS↑, TrxR1↓, PKM2↓, RIP1↓, RIP3↓, Src↓, FAK↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, mTOR↓, GRP58↓, MMPs↓, ATF2↓, cl‑PARP↑, Casp3↑, p‑p38↑, p‑JNK↑, p‑ERK↓,
2232- SK,    Shikonin Induces Autophagy and Apoptosis in Esophageal Cancer EC9706 Cells by Regulating the AMPK/mTOR/ULK Axis
- in-vitro, ESCC, EC9706
tumCV↓, TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, TumAuto↑, Apoptosis↑, Bcl-2↓, BAX↑, cl‑Casp3↑, cl‑Casp8↑, cl‑PARP↑, AMPK↑, mTOR↑, TumVol↓, OS↑, LC3I↑,
2228- SK,    Shikonin induced Apoptosis Mediated by Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Colorectal Cancer Cells
- in-vitro, CRC, HCT116 - in-vitro, CRC, HCT15 - in-vivo, NA, NA
Apoptosis↑, Bcl-2↓, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, cl‑PARP↑, GRP78/BiP↑, PERK↑, eIF2α↑, ATF4↑, CHOP↑, JNK↑, eff↓, ER Stress↑, ROS↑, TumCG↓,
3047- SK,    Shikonin suppresses colon cancer cell growth and exerts synergistic effects by regulating ADAM17 and the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway
- in-vitro, CRC, HCT116 - in-vitro, CRC, SW48
TumCG↓, p‑STAT3↓, ADAM17↓, Apoptosis↑, Casp3↑, cl‑PARP↑, cycD1/CCND1↓, cycE/CCNE↓, TumCCA↑, JAK1?, p‑JAK1↓, p‑JAK2↓, p‑eIF2α↑, eff↓, ROS↑, IL6↓,
2469- SK,    Shikonin induces the apoptosis and pyroptosis of EGFR-T790M-mutant drug-resistant non-small cell lung cancer cells via the degradation of cyclooxygenase-2
- in-vitro, Lung, H1975
Apoptosis↑, Pyro↑, Casp↑, cl‑PARP↑, GSDME↑, ROS↑, COX2↓, PDK1↓, Akt↓, ERK↓, eff↓, eff↓, eff↑,
1344- SK,    Novel multiple apoptotic mechanism of shikonin in human glioma cells
- in-vitro, GBM, U87MG - in-vitro, GBM, Hs683 - in-vitro, GBM, M059K
ROS↑, GSH↓, MMP↓, P53↑, cl‑PARP↑, Catalase↓, SOD1↑, Bcl-2↓, BAX↑, eff↓,
1312- SK,    Shikonin induces apoptosis through reactive oxygen species/extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway in osteosarcoma cells
- in-vitro, OS, 143B
ROS↑, p‑ERK↑, Bcl-2↓, cl‑PARP↑, Apoptosis↑, TumCCA↑, Bcl-2↑, proCasp3↓,
2010- SK,    Shikonin inhibits gefitinib-resistant non-small cell lung cancer by inhibiting TrxR and activating the EGFR proteasomal degradation pathway
- in-vitro, Lung, H1975 - in-vitro, Lung, H1650 - in-vitro, Nor, CCD19
EGFR↓, selectivity↑, Casp↑, PARP↑, Apoptosis↑, ROS↑, eff↓, selectivity↑,
1002- SSE,  Osi,  Adag,    Selenite as a dual apoptotic and ferroptotic agent synergizes with EGFR and KRAS inhibitors with epigenetic interference
- in-vitro, Lung, H1975 - in-vitro, Lung, H385
Apoptosis↑, Ferroptosis↑, DNMT1↓, TET1↑, TumCCA↑, cl‑PARP↑, cl‑Casp3↑, Cyt‑c↑, BIM↑, NOXA↑, Apoptosis↑, ROS↑, ER Stress↑, UPR↑,
6431- T4O,    Terpinen-4-ol Induces Apoptosis in Human Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer In Vitro and In Vivo
- vitro+vivo, NSCLC, A549
TumCCA↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, cl‑PARP↑, MMP↓, Bax:Bcl2↑, XIAP↓, survivin↓, Dose↝, Apoptosis↑, tumCV↓, Cyt‑c↑, eff↑, necrosis↑,
5331- TFdiG,    Anti-Cancer Properties of Theaflavins
- Review, Var, NA
AntiCan↑, TumCP↓, TumCMig↓, Apoptosis↑, cl‑PARP↑, cl‑Casp3↑, cl‑Casp7↑, cl‑Casp8↑, cl‑Casp9↑, BAX↑, Bcl-2↓, p‑Akt↓, p‑mTOR↓, PI3K↓, cMyc↓, P53↑, ROS↑, NF-kB↓, MMP9↓, MMP2↓, TumVol↓, PSA↓, TumCCA↑, VEGF↓, Hif1a↓, CDK2↓, CDK4↓, GSH↓, Dose↑, BioAv↓, BioAv↓, BioAv↑,

Showing Research Papers: 251 to 300 of 325
Prev Page 6 of 7 Next

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 325

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


NA, unassigned(tgid=0) ⓘ

NA?, 1,  

Redox & Oxidative Stress(tgid=1) ⓘ

Catalase↓, 1,   Ferroptosis↑, 1,   GSH↓, 6,   GSH↑, 3,   GSSG↑, 1,   GSTs↑, 1,   HO-1↑, 6,   Iron↑, 1,   Keap1↓, 1,   MDA↓, 1,   MPO↓, 1,   NRF2↑, 8,   p‑NRF2↑, 1,   OXPHOS↓, 1,   mt-OXPHOS↓, 1,   Prx4↑, 1,   ROS?, 2,   ROS↓, 3,   ROS↑, 26,   ROS⇅, 3,   SOD↓, 1,   SOD↑, 2,   SOD1↓, 1,   SOD1↑, 1,   SOD2↓, 1,   TAC↑, 2,   TrxR↓, 2,   TrxR1↓, 1,  

Metal & Cofactor Biology(tgid=2) ⓘ

Ferritin↓, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics(tgid=3) ⓘ

ATP↓, 2,   ATP↑, 1,   EGF↓, 2,   FGFR1↓, 1,   MMP↓, 14,   Raf↓, 2,   XIAP↓, 3,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis(tgid=4) ⓘ

AKT1↓, 1,   AMPK↑, 2,   cMyc↓, 7,   glucoNG↓, 1,   GlucoseCon↓, 1,   Glycolysis↓, 4,   HK2↓, 3,   lactateProd↓, 2,   LDH↑, 1,   PDK1↓, 1,   PI3K/Akt↓, 1,   PKM2↓, 2,   Warburg↓, 1,  

Cell Death(tgid=5) ⓘ

Akt↓, 8,   Akt↑, 1,   p‑Akt↓, 5,   Apoptosis↑, 29,   ATF2↓, 1,   BAD↓, 1,   BAD↑, 1,   Bak↑, 1,   BAX↓, 1,   BAX↑, 15,   Bax:Bcl2↑, 6,   Bcl-2↓, 13,   Bcl-2↑, 1,   Bcl-2∅, 1,   Bcl-xL↓, 2,   BIM↑, 1,   Casp↑, 3,   Casp10↑, 2,   Casp12?, 1,   Casp3↓, 2,   Casp3↑, 26,   cl‑Casp3↑, 9,   proCasp3↓, 1,   Casp6↓, 1,   Casp6↑, 1,   Casp7↑, 4,   cl‑Casp7↑, 1,   Casp8↓, 1,   Casp8↑, 7,   Casp8∅, 2,   cl‑Casp8↑, 2,   Casp9↓, 1,   Casp9↑, 17,   cl‑Casp9↑, 3,   Cyt‑c↓, 1,   Cyt‑c↑, 13,   Diablo↑, 1,   DR5↑, 4,   Fas↑, 2,   FasL↑, 1,   Ferroptosis↑, 1,   GRP58↓, 1,   GSDME↑, 1,   hTERT/TERT↓, 1,   IAP1↓, 1,   iNOS↓, 1,   JNK↑, 1,   p‑JNK↑, 4,   MAPK↓, 2,   MAPK↑, 1,   Mcl-1↓, 1,   MDM2↓, 2,   Necroptosis↑, 1,   necrosis↑, 1,   NOXA↑, 1,   p27↑, 1,   p38↑, 2,   p‑p38↓, 1,   p‑p38↑, 3,   PDCD4↑, 1,   PUMA↑, 1,   Pyro↑, 1,   RIP1↓, 1,   survivin↓, 7,   Telomerase↓, 1,   TNFR 1↑, 1,   TRAIL↑, 1,   TRAILR↑, 1,  

Kinase & Signal Transduction(tgid=6) ⓘ

cSrc↓, 1,   HER2/EBBR2↓, 4,   p70S6↓, 1,   Sp1/3/4↓, 4,  

Transcription & Epigenetics(tgid=7) ⓘ

HATs↓, 1,   miR-21↓, 2,   miR-21↑, 1,   miR-27a-3p↓, 1,   other↓, 1,   other↑, 1,   other⇅, 1,   p‑pRB↓, 1,   tumCV↓, 13,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress(tgid=8) ⓘ

CHOP↑, 6,   eIF2α↑, 1,   p‑eIF2α↑, 1,   ER Stress↑, 6,   GRP78/BiP↑, 3,   HSP27↓, 2,   HSP70/HSPA5↓, 3,   HSP70/HSPA5↑, 1,   HSP72↓, 1,   HSP90↓, 2,   PERK↑, 2,   UPR↑, 2,   XBP-1↑, 1,  

Autophagy & Lysosomes(tgid=9) ⓘ

Beclin-1↑, 1,   LC3B-II↑, 1,   LC3I↑, 1,   SESN2↑, 1,   TumAuto↑, 3,  

DNA Damage & Repair(tgid=10) ⓘ

DFF45↑, 1,   DNAdam↑, 5,   DNMT1↓, 1,   DNMTs↓, 1,   MGMT↓, 1,   P53↑, 9,   PARP↓, 1,   PARP↑, 5,   PARP↝, 1,   p‑PARP↑, 2,   cl‑PARP↓, 1,   cl‑PARP↑, 39,   cl‑PARP↝, 1,   γH2AX↑, 2,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence(tgid=11) ⓘ

CDK1↓, 3,   p‑CDK1↑, 1,   CDK2↓, 2,   CDK2↑, 1,   CDK4↓, 4,   cycA1/CCNA1↓, 1,   CycB/CCNB1↓, 4,   CycB/CCNB1↑, 1,   cycD1/CCND1↓, 7,   cycE/CCNE↓, 2,   p19↑, 1,   P21↑, 4,   p‑RB1↓, 1,   TumCCA?, 1,   TumCCA↓, 1,   TumCCA↑, 21,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State(tgid=12) ⓘ

CD44↓, 3,   cMYB↓, 1,   CSCs↓, 5,   EMT↓, 5,   ERK↓, 4,   ERK↑, 3,   p‑ERK↓, 4,   p‑ERK↑, 1,   FGF↓, 1,   Gli1↓, 2,   GSK‐3β↓, 2,   HDAC↓, 3,   HDAC2↓, 1,   HH↓, 1,   IGF-1↓, 2,   IGF-1R↓, 3,   IGF-2↓, 1,   IGFBP3↑, 2,   mTOR↓, 8,   mTOR↑, 1,   p‑mTOR↓, 3,   NOTCH↓, 1,   NOTCH1↓, 1,   NOTCH2↑, 1,   p‑P70S6K↓, 1,   PI3K↓, 9,   PTEN↑, 1,   RAS↓, 4,   Shh↓, 3,   SHP1↑, 1,   Smo↓, 1,   Src↓, 1,   STAT1↓, 1,   STAT3↓, 4,   p‑STAT3↓, 1,   STAT6↓, 1,   TOP2↓, 1,   TumCG↓, 9,   Wnt↓, 4,   Wnt/(β-catenin)↓, 1,  

Migration(tgid=13) ⓘ

AP-1↓, 1,   Ca+2↝, 1,   COL1↓, 1,   COL3A1↓, 1,   E-cadherin↓, 1,   E-cadherin↑, 3,   ER-α36↓, 1,   FAK↓, 2,   GLI2↓, 1,   KRAS↓, 1,   LEF1↓, 1,   MMP1↓, 1,   MMP2↓, 7,   MMP7↓, 1,   MMP9↓, 6,   MMPs↓, 5,   N-cadherin↓, 2,   PDGF↓, 2,   PKCδ↓, 1,   RAGE↓, 1,   RIP3↓, 1,   Slug↓, 1,   Snail↓, 3,   SOX4↑, 1,   TET1↑, 1,   TGF-β↓, 2,   TIMP2↑, 1,   TSP-1↑, 2,   TumCI↓, 5,   TumCMig↓, 6,   TumCP↓, 11,   TumMeta↓, 4,   Twist↓, 2,   uPA↓, 1,   uPAR↓, 1,   VCAM-1↓, 1,   Vim↓, 3,   Zeb1↓, 2,   β-catenin/ZEB1↓, 5,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature(tgid=14) ⓘ

angioG↓, 6,   ATF4↑, 1,   ATF4↝, 1,   EGFR↓, 6,   Hif1a↓, 5,   VEGF↓, 8,   VEGFR2↓, 3,   ZBTB10↑, 1,  

Barriers & Transport(tgid=15) ⓘ

P-gp↓, 4,   P-gp↑, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling(tgid=16) ⓘ

COX2↓, 8,   CRP↓, 1,   CXCR4↓, 3,   ICAM-1↓, 1,   IFN-γ↓, 1,   IFN-γ↑, 1,   IKKα↓, 2,   IL10↓, 1,   IL12↓, 1,   IL1β↓, 3,   IL2↑, 1,   IL6↓, 7,   IL8↓, 1,   Inflam↓, 5,   JAK1?, 1,   JAK1↓, 1,   p‑JAK1↓, 1,   JAK2↓, 1,   p‑JAK2↓, 1,   NF-kB↓, 7,   p50↓, 1,   PSA↓, 3,   TLR4↓, 1,   TNF-α↓, 6,  

Cellular Microenvironment(tgid=17) ⓘ

ADAM17↓, 1,  

Hormonal & Nuclear Receptors(tgid=20) ⓘ

AR↓, 1,   CDK6↓, 2,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance(tgid=21) ⓘ

ABC↓, 1,   BioAv↓, 3,   BioAv↑, 3,   BioAv↝, 2,   BioEnh↑, 1,   ChemoSen↑, 8,   Dose↑, 1,   Dose↝, 6,   eff↓, 14,   eff↑, 17,   eff↝, 1,   Half-Life↝, 2,   MDR1↓, 1,   MRP1/ABCC1↓, 1,   P450↓, 1,   RadioS↑, 2,   selectivity↑, 10,  

Clinical Biomarkers(tgid=22) ⓘ

AR↓, 1,   CRP↓, 1,   EGFR↓, 6,   Ferritin↓, 1,   GutMicro↝, 1,   HER2/EBBR2↓, 4,   hTERT/TERT↓, 1,   IL6↓, 7,   KRAS↓, 1,   LDH↑, 1,   PSA↓, 3,   RAGE↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes(tgid=23) ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 4,   AntiTum↑, 1,   chemoP↑, 1,   ChemoSideEff↓, 1,   hepatoP↑, 1,   OS↑, 1,   radioP↑, 1,   toxicity?, 1,   TumVol↓, 4,   TumW↓, 2,  
Total Targets: 334

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress(tgid=1) ⓘ

antiOx↑, 4,   Catalase↑, 2,   GSH↑, 2,   GSTs↑, 3,   HO-1↑, 4,   lipid-P↓, 1,   Nrf1↑, 1,   NRF2↑, 6,   ROS↓, 5,   ROS∅, 1,   SOD↑, 2,   VitC↑, 1,   VitE↑, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics(tgid=3) ⓘ

ATP↑, 1,   MMP↓, 1,   PGC-1α↑, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis(tgid=4) ⓘ

PPARα↑, 1,   SIRT1↑, 1,  

Cell Death(tgid=5) ⓘ

JNK↑, 1,   p‑JNK↓, 1,   p38↓, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State(tgid=12) ⓘ

GSK‐3β↓, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature(tgid=14) ⓘ

angioG↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling(tgid=16) ⓘ

COX2↓, 1,   IL10↓, 1,   IL17↓, 1,   IL1β↓, 2,   IL6↓, 1,   Inflam↓, 3,   MCP1↓, 1,   TNF-α↓, 2,  

Synaptic & Neurotransmission(tgid=18) ⓘ

tau↓, 1,  

Protein Aggregation(tgid=19) ⓘ

Aβ↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance(tgid=21) ⓘ

BioAv↓, 1,   BioAv↑, 1,   Half-Life↑, 1,   P450↑, 1,  

Clinical Biomarkers(tgid=22) ⓘ

BG↓, 1,   BP↓, 1,   GutMicro↑, 1,   IL6↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes(tgid=23) ⓘ

AntiAge↑, 2,   cardioP↑, 2,   hepatoP↑, 2,   motorD↓, 1,   neuroP↑, 2,   Pain↓, 1,   toxicity↓, 2,   toxicity∅, 1,  
Total Targets: 49

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: PARP, poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) cleavage
16 Apigenin (mainly Parsley)
16 Curcumin
14 Thymoquinone
13 Quercetin
12 Baicalein
12 Fisetin
10 EGCG (Epigallocatechin Gallate)
10 Sulforaphane (mainly Broccoli)
8 Shikonin
7 Ashwagandha(Withaferin A)
7 Berberine
7 Capsaicin
6 Boswellia (frankincense)
6 Carnosic acid
6 Chrysin
6 Garcinol
6 Honokiol
6 Piperlongumine
6 Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
5 Metformin
5 Betulinic acid
5 Emodin
5 Eugenol
5 Silymarin (Milk Thistle) silibinin
4 doxorubicin
4 Bufalin/Huachansu
4 α-Bisabolol / Chamomile oil
4 Carvacrol
4 Citric Acid
4 Docetaxel
4 Gambogic Acid
4 Nimbolide
4 Propolis -bee glue
4 Phenethyl isothiocyanate
4 Resveratrol
3 Auranofin
3 Allicin (mainly Garlic)
3 Cisplatin
3 Brucea javanica
3 Thymol-Thymus vulgaris
3 Ellagic acid
3 Magnetic Fields
3 Propyl gallate
3 α-Santalol/Sandalwood oil
2 1,8-Cineole
2 Silver-NanoParticles
2 5-fluorouracil
2 Artemisinin
2 Berbamine
2 Beta-Caryophyllene
2 temozolomide
2 brusatol
2 Boron
2 Radiotherapy/Radiation
2 Cichoric acid / Chicoric acid
2 Cinnamon
2 Cucurbitacin
2 Dichloroacetate
2 D-limonene
2 Dandelion Root
2 Echinacea
2 Eurycomanone
2 HydroxyTyrosol
2 Juglone
2 Luteolin
2 Lycopene
2 Magnolol
2 Phenylbutyrate
2 Paclitaxel
2 Piperine
2 Rosmarinic acid
2 salinomycin
2 Selenite (Sodium)
2 Ursolic acid
2 Urolithin
1 3-bromopyruvate
1 DTS(dibenzyl trisulphide) from Anamu
1 Anethole/trans-Anethole
1 Fennel Oil/Foeniculum vulgare
1 immunotherapy
1 Atorvastatin
1 Aloe anthraquinones
1 Baicalin
1 almonertinib
1 Bromelain
1 Butyrate
1 Sorafenib (brand name Nexavar)
1 Cat’s Claw
1 Celastrol
1 Chlorogenic acid
1 Chlorophyllin
1 Coenzyme Q10
1 Carvone
1 Dichloroacetophenone(2,2-)
1 Date Fruit Extract
1 Fucoidan
1 Ferulic acid
1 Gallic acid
1 Gemcitabine (Gemzar)
1 Graviola
1 Hydroxycinnamic-acid
1 hydroxychloroquine
1 lambertianic acid
1 Methylene blue
1 Photodynamic Therapy
1 Chemotherapy
1 Myricetin
1 nelfinavir/Viracept
1 Oleuropein
1 SonoDynamic Therapy UltraSound
1 Hyperthermia
1 Plumbagin
1 VitK3,menadione
1 Hyperoside
1 Selenium NanoParticles
1 chitosan
1 Folic Acid, Vit B9
1 Osimertinib
1 Adagrasib
1 Terpinen-4-ol / Tea Tree Oil
1 Aflavin-3,3′-digallate
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:239  State#:%  Dir#:%
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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