| Source: |
| Type: |
| Destruction of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, which is widely regarded as one of the earliest events in the process of cell apoptosis. Mitochondria are organelles within eukaryotic cells that produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the main energy molecule used by the cell. For this reason, the mitochondrion is sometimes referred to as “the powerhouse of the cell”. Mitochondria produce ATP through process of cellular respiration—specifically, aerobic respiration, which requires oxygen. The citric acid cycle, or Krebs cycle, takes place in the mitochondria. The mitochondrial membrane potential is widely used in assessing mitochondrial function as it relates to the mitochondrial capacity of ATP generation by oxidative phosphorylation. The mitochondrial membrane potential is a reliable indicator of mitochondrial health. In cancer cells, ΔΨm is often decreased, which can lead to changes in cellular metabolism, increased glycolysis, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and altered cell death pathways. The membrane of malignant mitochondria is hyperpolarized (−220 mV) in comparison to their healthy counterparts (−160 mV), which facilitates the penetration of positively charged molecules to the cancer cells mitochondria. The MMP is a critical indicator of mitochondrial function, directly reflecting the organelle's capacity to generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. |
| 4956- | PEITC, | Inhibition of cancer growth in vitro and in vivo by a novel ROS-modulating agent with ability to eliminate stem-like cancer cells |
| - | vitro+vivo, | Lung, | A549 |
| 4922- | PEITC, | Phenethyl Isothiocyanate: A comprehensive review of anti-cancer mechanisms |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 4918- | PEITC, | Nutritional Sources and Anticancer Potential of Phenethyl Isothiocyanate: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Insights |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 4944- | PEITC, | Phenethyl isothiocyanate induces DNA damage-associated G2/M arrest and subsequent apoptosis in oral cancer cells with varying p53 mutations |
| - | in-vitro, | Oral, | NA |
| 4940- | PEITC, | Phenethyl Isothiocyanate (PEITC) Inhibits the Growth of Human Oral Squamous Carcinoma HSC-3 Cells through G 0/G 1 Phase Arrest and Mitochondria-Mediated Apoptotic Cell Death |
| - | in-vitro, | Oral, | HSC3 |
| 4942- | PEITC, | Phenethyl Isothiocyanate (PEITC) Inhibits the Growth of Human Oral Squamous Carcinoma HSC-3 Cells through G(0)/G(1) Phase Arrest and Mitochondria-Mediated Apoptotic Cell Death |
| - | in-vitro, | Oral, | HSC3 |
| 5219- | PG, | Propyl gallate inhibits the growth of HeLa cells via caspase-dependent apoptosis as well as a G1 phase arrest of the cell cycle |
| - | in-vitro, | Cerv, | HeLa |
| 1766- | PG, | Propyl gallate induces human pulmonary fibroblast cell death through the regulation of Bax and caspase-3 |
| - | in-vitro, | Nor, | NA |
| 1768- | PG, | Propyl gallate reduces the growth of lung cancer cells through caspase‑dependent apoptosis and G1 phase arrest of the cell cycle |
| - | in-vitro, | Lung, | Calu-6 | - | in-vitro, | Lung, | A549 |
| 1765- | PG, | Enhanced cell death effects of MAP kinase inhibitors in propyl gallate-treated lung cancer cells are related to increased ROS levels and GSH depletion |
| - | in-vitro, | Lung, | A549 | - | in-vitro, | Lung, | Calu-6 |
| 5213- | PI, | Induction of apoptosis by piperine in human cervical adenocarcinoma via ROS mediated mitochondrial pathway and caspase-3 activation |
| - | in-vitro, | Cerv, | HeLa |
| 1946- | PL, | PI, | Piperlonguminine and Piperine Analogues as TrxR Inhibitors that Promote ROS and Autophagy and Regulate p38 and Akt/mTOR Signaling |
| - | in-vitro, | Liver, | NA |
| 1951- | PL, | Piperlongumine Analogs Promote A549 Cell Apoptosis through Enhancing ROS Generation |
| - | in-vitro, | Lung, | A549 |
| 1938- | PL, | Piperlongumine regulates epigenetic modulation and alleviates psoriasis-like skin inflammation via inhibition of hyperproliferation and inflammation |
| - | Study, | PSA, | NA | - | in-vivo, | NA, | NA |
| 2651- | PLB, | Oxidative Stress Inducers in Cancer Therapy: Preclinical and Clinical Evidence |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 5158- | PLB, | Plumbagin induces reactive oxygen species, which mediate apoptosis in human cervical cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Cerv, | ME-180 |
| 4969- | PSO, | The Coumarin Psoralidin Enhances Anticancer Effect of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand (TRAIL) |
| - | in-vitro, | Cerv, | HeLa |
| 4968- | PSO, | Psoralidin: emerging biological activities of therapeutic benefits and its potential utility in cervical cancer |
| - | in-vitro, | Cerv, | NA |
| 5154- | PTL, | Parthenolide, a sesquiterpene lactone from the medical herb feverfew, shows anticancer activity against human melanoma cells in vitro |
| - | in-vitro, | Melanoma, | NA |
| 1988- | PTL, | Parthenolide Induces ROS-Mediated Apoptosis in Lymphoid Malignancies |
| - | in-vitro, | lymphoma, | NCI-H929 |
| 1989- | PTL, | Parthenolide and Its Soluble Analogues: Multitasking Compounds with Antitumor Properties |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 1990- | PTL, | Parthenolide alleviates cognitive dysfunction and neurotoxicity via regulation of AMPK/GSK3β(Ser9)/Nrf2 signaling pathway |
| - | in-vitro, | AD, | PC12 |
| 1991- | PTL, | A novel SLC25A1 inhibitor, parthenolide, suppresses the growth and stemness of liver cancer stem cells with metabolic vulnerability |
| - | in-vitro, | Liver, | HUH7 |
| 1993- | PTL, | Parthenolide induces apoptosis and autophagy through the suppression of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in cervical cancer |
| - | in-vitro, | Cerv, | HeLa |
| 3930- | PTS, | A Review of Pterostilbene Antioxidant Activity and Disease Modification |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA | - | Review, | adrenal, | NA | - | Review, | Stroke, | NA |
| 3353- | QC, | Quercetin triggers cell apoptosis-associated ROS-mediated cell death and induces S and G2/M-phase cell cycle arrest in KON oral cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Oral, | KON | - | in-vitro, | Nor, | MRC-5 |
| 3350- | QC, | Quercetin and the mitochondria: A mechanistic view |
| - | Review, | NA, | NA |
| 3343- | QC, | Quercetin, a Flavonoid with Great Pharmacological Capacity |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA | - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | Review, | Arthritis, | NA |
| 3336- | QC, | Neuroprotective Effects of Quercetin in Alzheimer’s Disease |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA |
| 3363- | QC, | The Protective Effect of Quercetin on Endothelial Cells Injured by Hypoxia and Reoxygenation |
| - | in-vitro, | Nor, | HBMECs |
| 3365- | QC, | Quercetin attenuates sepsis-induced acute lung injury via suppressing oxidative stress-mediated ER stress through activation of SIRT1/AMPK pathways |
| - | in-vivo, | Sepsis, | NA |
| 3368- | QC, | The potential anti-cancer effects of quercetin on blood, prostate and lung cancers: An update |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 3374- | QC, | Therapeutic effects of quercetin in oral cancer therapy: a systematic review of preclinical evidence focused on oxidative damage, apoptosis and anti-metastasis |
| - | Review, | Oral, | NA | - | Review, | AD, | NA |
| 3371- | QC, | Quercetin induces MGMT+ glioblastoma cells apoptosis via dual inhibition of Wnt3a/β-Catenin and Akt/NF-κB signaling pathways |
| - | in-vitro, | GBM, | T98G |
| 3372- | QC, | FIS, | KaempF, | Anticancer Potential of Selected Flavonols: Fisetin, Kaempferol, and Quercetin on Head and Neck Cancers |
| - | Review, | HNSCC, | NA |
| 4787- | QC, | Quercetin: A Phytochemical with Pro-Apoptotic Effects in Colon Cancer Cells |
| - | Review, | CRC, | NA |
| 4827- | QC, | CUR, | Synthetic Pathways and the Therapeutic Potential of Quercetin and Curcumin |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 55- | QC, | Quercetin inhibits the growth of human gastric cancer stem cells by inducing mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis through the inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling |
| - | in-vitro, | GC, | GCSCs |
| - | in-vitro, | Pca, | DU145 | - | in-vitro, | Pca, | PC3 |
| 41- | QC, | Quercetin induces mitochondrial-derived apoptosis via reactive oxygen species-mediated ERK activation in HL-60 leukemia cells and xenograft |
| - | vitro+vivo, | AML, | HL-60 |
| 89- | QC, | doxoR, | Quercetin reverses the doxorubicin resistance of prostate cancer cells by downregulating the expression of c-met |
| - | in-vitro, | Pca, | PC3 |
| 91- | QC, | The roles of endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial apoptotic signaling pathway in quercetin-mediated cell death of human prostate cancer PC-3 cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Pca, | PC3 |
| 86- | QC, | PacT, | Quercetin regulates insulin like growth factor signaling and induces intrinsic and extrinsic pathway mediated apoptosis in androgen independent prostate cancer cells (PC-3) |
| - | vitro+vivo, | Pca, | PC3 |
| 889- | QC, | The multifaceted role of quercetin derived from its mitochondrial mechanism |
| - | vitro+vivo, | Var, | NA |
| 923- | QC, | Quercetin as an innovative therapeutic tool for cancer chemoprevention: Molecular mechanisms and implications in human health |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 914- | QC, | Quercetin and Cancer Chemoprevention |
| - | Review, | NA, | NA |
| 2431- | QC, | The Protective Effect of Quercetin against the Cytotoxicity Induced by Fumonisin B1 in Sertoli Cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Nor, | TM4 |
| 1490- | RES, | Anticancer Potential of Resveratrol, β-Lapachone and Their Analogues |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 4668- | RES, | Resveratrol Impedes the Stemness, Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition, and Metabolic Reprogramming of Cancer Stem Cells in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma through p53 Activation |
| - | in-vitro, | NPC, | NA |
| 103- | RES, | CUR, | QC, | The effect of resveratrol, curcumin and quercetin combination on immuno-suppression of tumor microenvironment for breast tumor-bearing mice |
| - | vitro+vivo, | BC, | 4T1 |
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers. Such Conditions may include : -low or high Dose -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations -different cell line effects -synergies with other products -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells
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