Cyt‑c Cancer Research Results

Cyt‑c, cyt-c Release into Cytosol: Click to Expand ⟱
Source:
Type:
Cytochrome c
** The term "release of cytochrome c" ** an increase in level for the cytosol.
Small hemeprotein found loosely associated with the inner membrane of the mitochondrion where it plays a critical role in cellular respiration. Cytochrome c is highly water-soluble, unlike other cytochromes. It is capable of undergoing oxidation and reduction as its iron atom converts between the ferrous and ferric forms, but does not bind oxygen. It also plays a major role in cell apoptosis.

The term "release of cytochrome c" refers to a critical step in the process of programmed cell death, also known as apoptosis.
In its new location—the cytosol—cytochrome c participates in the apoptotic signaling pathway by helping to form the apoptosome, which activates caspases that execute cell death.
Cytochrome c is a small protein normally located in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. Its primary role in healthy cells is to participate in the electron transport chain, a process that helps produce energy (ATP) through oxidative phosphorylation.
Mitochondrial outer membrane permeability leads to the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria into the cytosol.
The release of cytochrome c is a pivotal event in apoptosis where cytochrome c moves from the mitochondria to the cytosol, initiating a chain reaction that leads to programmed cell death.

On the one hand, cytochrome c can promote cancer cell survival and proliferation by regulating the activity of various signaling pathways, such as the PI3K/AKT pathway. This can lead to increased cell growth and resistance to apoptosis, which are hallmarks of cancer.
On the other hand, cytochrome c can also induce apoptosis in cancer cells by interacting with other proteins, such as Apaf-1 and caspase-9. This can lead to the activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, which can result in the death of cancer cells.
Overexpressed in Breast, Lung, Colon, and Prostrate.
Underexpressed in Ovarian, and Pancreatic.
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
4486- Se,  Chit,    Selenium-Modified Chitosan Induces HepG2 Cell Apoptosis and Differential Protein Analysis
- in-vitro, Liver, HepG2
Apoptosis↑, TumCCA↑, MMP↓, Bcl-2↓, BAX↑, cl‑Casp9↑, cl‑Casp3↑, Risk↓, *BioAv↑, *toxicity↑, TumCG↓, AntiTum↑, ROS↑, Cyt‑c↑, Fas↑, FasL↑, FADD↑,
4469- SeNPs,    Selenium Nanoparticles in Cancer Therapy: Unveiling Cytotoxic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential
- Review, Var, NA
antiOx↑, selectivity↑, eff↑, AntiCan↑, Apoptosis↑, ROS↑, MMP↓, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, AntiTum↑, TumCG↓, TumMeta↓, angioG↓, Cyt‑c↑, DNAdam↑, RadioS↑, BBB↑, *toxicity↓, ChemoSen↑,
3192- SFN,    Transcriptome analysis reveals a dynamic and differential transcriptional response to sulforaphane in normal and prostate cancer cells and suggests a role for Sp1 in chemoprevention
- in-vitro, Pca, PC3
Sp1/3/4↓, selectivity↑, NRF2↑, HDAC↓, DNMTs↓, TumCCA↑, selectivity↑, HO-1↑, NQO1↑, CDK2↓, TumCP↓, BID↑, Smad1↑, Diablo↑, ICAD↑, Cyt‑c↑, IAP1↑, HSP27↑, *Cyt‑c↓, *IAP1↓, *HSP27↓, survivin↓, CDK4↓, VEGF↓, AR↓,
2448- SFN,    Sulforaphane and bladder cancer: a potential novel antitumor compound
- Review, Bladder, NA
Apoptosis↑, TumCG↓, TumCI↓, TumMeta↓, glucoNG↓, ChemoSen↑, TumCCA↑, Casp3↑, Casp7↑, cl‑PARP↑, survivin↓, EGFR↓, HER2/EBBR2↓, ATP↓, Glycolysis↓, mt-OXPHOS↓, AKT1↓, HK2↓, Hif1a↓, ROS↑, NRF2↑, EMT↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, Zeb1↓, Snail↓, HDAC↓, HATs↓, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↓, Shh↓, Smo↓, Gli1↓, BioAv↝, BioAv↝, Dose↝,
1471- SFN,    ROS-mediated activation of AMPK plays a critical role in sulforaphane-induced apoptosis and mitotic arrest in AGS human gastric cancer cells
- in-vitro, GC, AGS
TumCP↓, Apoptosis↑, TumCCA↑, CycB/CCNB1↑, P21↑, p‑H3↑, p‑AMPK↑, eff↓, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, ROS↑, eff↓,
1468- SFN,    Cellular responses to dietary cancer chemopreventive agent D,L-sulforaphane in human prostate cancer cells are initiated by mitochondrial reactive oxygen species
- in-vitro, Pca, LNCaP - in-vitro, Pca, PC3
ROS↑, DNAdam↑, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, TumCCA↑,
1458- SFN,    Sulforaphane Impact on Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in Bladder Carcinoma
- Review, Bladder, NA
HDAC↓, eff↓, TumW↓, TumW↓, angioG↓, *toxicity↓, GutMicro↝, AntiCan↑, ROS↑, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, Casp8∅, cl‑PARP↑, TRAIL↑, DR5↑, eff↓, NRF2↑, ER Stress↑, COX2/PTGS2↓, EGFR↓, HER2/EBBR2↓, ChemoSen↑, NF-kB↓, TumCCA?, p‑Akt↓, p‑mTOR↓, p70S6↓, p19↑, P21↑, CD44↓, CSCs↓,
1482- SFN,    Sulforaphane induces apoptosis in T24 human urinary bladder cancer cells through a reactive oxygen species-mediated mitochondrial pathway: the involvement of endoplasmic reticulum stress and the Nrf2 signaling pathway
- in-vitro, Bladder, T24/HTB-9
tumCV↓, Apoptosis↑, Cyt‑c↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, Casp9↑, Casp3↑, Casp8∅, cl‑PARP↑, ROS↑, MMP↓, eff↓, ER Stress↑, p‑NRF2↑, HO-1↑,
1481- SFN,  docx,    Combination of Low-Dose Sulforaphane and Docetaxel on Mitochondrial Function and Metabolic Reprogramming in Prostate Cancer Cell Lines
- in-vitro, Pca, LNCaP - in-vitro, Pca, PC3
ChemoSen↑, Casp3↑, ROS↑, Casp8↑, Cyt‑c↑, Glycolysis↓, GSH↓, GSH/GSSG↓, *toxicity↓,
1480- SFN,    Sulforaphane Induces Cell Death Through G2/M Phase Arrest and Triggers Apoptosis in HCT 116 Human Colon Cancer Cells
- in-vitro, CRC, HCT116
tumCV↓, TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, cycA1/CCNA1↑, CycB/CCNB1↑, CDC25↓, CDK1↓, ROS↑, eff↓, Cyt‑c↑, AIF↑, ER Stress↑,
1730- SFN,    Sulforaphane: An emergent anti-cancer stem cell agent
- Review, Var, NA
BioAv↓, BioAv↑, GSTA1↑, P450↓, TumCCA↑, HDAC↓, P21↑, p27/CDKN1B↑, DNMT1↓, DNMT3A↓, cycD1/CCND1↑, DNAdam↑, BAX↑, Cyt‑c↑, Apoptosis↑, ROS↑, AIF↑, CDK1↑, Casp3↑, Casp8↑, Casp9↑, NRF2↑, NF-kB↓, TNF-α↓, IL1β↓, CSCs↓, CD133↓, CD44↓, ALDH↓, Nanog↓, OCT4↓, hTERT/TERT↓, MMP2↓, EMT↓, ALDH1A1↓, Wnt↓, NOTCH↓, ChemoSen↑, *Ki-67↓, *HDAC3↓, *HDAC↓,
1735- SFN,    Activation of multiple molecular mechanisms for apoptosis in human malignant glioblastoma T98G and U87MG cells treated with sulforaphane
- in-vitro, GBM, T98G - in-vitro, GBM, U87MG
Apoptosis↑, Ca+2↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, cal2↑, Casp12↑, Casp9↑, Cyt‑c↑,
1726- SFN,    Sulforaphane: A Broccoli Bioactive Phytocompound with Cancer Preventive Potential
- Review, Var, NA
Dose↝, eff↝, IL1β↓, IL6↓, IL12↓, TNF-α↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, CXCR4↓, MPO↓, HSP70/HSPA5↓, HSP90↓, VCAM-1↓, IKKα↓, NF-kB↓, HO-1↑, Casp3↑, Casp7↑, Casp8↑, Casp9↑, cl‑PARP↑, Cyt‑c↑, Diablo↑, CHOP/DDIT3↑, survivin↓, XIAP↓, p38↑, Fas↑, PUMA↑, VEGF↓, Hif1a↓, Twist↓, Zeb1↓, Vim↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, E-cadherin↑, N-cadherin↓, Snail↓, CD44↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, cycA1/CCNA1↓, CycB/CCNB1↓, cycE/CCNE↓, CDK4↓, CDK6↓, p50↓, P53↑, P21↑, GSH↑, SOD↑, GSTs↑, mTOR↓, Akt↓, PI3K↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, IGF-1↓, cMyc↓, CSCs↓,
1723- SFN,    Sulforaphane as a potential remedy against cancer: Comprehensive mechanistic review
- Review, Var, NA
*NRF2↑, ROS↑, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, cl‑PARP↑, Apoptosis↑, AMPK↑, GSH↓,
1722- SFN,    Sulforaphane as an anticancer molecule: mechanisms of action, synergistic effects, enhancement of drug safety, and delivery systems
- Review, Var, NA
TumCCA↑, CYP1A1↓, CYP3A4↓, Cyt‑c↑, Casp9↑, Apoptosis↑, ROS↑, MAPK↑, P53↑, BAX↑, ChemoSen↑, HDAC↓, GSH↓, HO-1↑,
3290- SIL,    A review of therapeutic potentials of milk thistle (Silybum marianum L.) and its main constituent, silymarin, on cancer, and their related patents
- Analysis, Var, NA
hepatoP↑, chemoP↑, *lipid-P↓, *antiOx↑, tumCV↓, TumCMig↓, Apoptosis↑, ROS↑, GSH↓, Bcl-2↓, survivin↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, NOTCH1↓, BAX↑, NF-kB↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, LOX1↓, iNOS↓, TNF-α↓, IL1↓, Inflam↓, *toxicity↓, CXCR4↓, EGFR↓, ERK↓, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, TumCCA↑, RB1↑, P53↑, P21↑, p27/CDKN1B↑, cycE/CCNE↓, CDK4↓, p‑pRB↓, Hif1a↓, cMyc↓, IL1β↓, IFN-γ↓, PCNA↓, PSA↓, CYP1A1↓,
3288- SIL,    Silymarin in cancer therapy: Mechanisms of action, protective roles in chemotherapy-induced toxicity, and nanoformulations
- Review, Var, NA
Inflam↓, lipid-P↓, TumMeta↓, angioG↓, chemoP↑, EMT↓, HDAC↓, HATs↑, MMPs↓, uPA↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, VEGF↓, CD31/PECAM-1↓, Hif1a↓, VEGFR2/KDR/Flk1↓, Raf↓, MEK↓, ERK↓, BIM↓, BAX↑, Bcl-2↓, Bcl-xL↓, Casp↑, MAPK↓, P53↑, LC3II↑, mTOR↓, YAP/TEAD↓, *BioAv↓, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, PCNA↓, cMyc↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, survivin↓, APAF1↑, Casp3↑, MDSCs↓, IL10↓, IL2↑, IFN-γ↑, hepatoP↑, cardioP↑, GSH↑, neuroP↑,
3282- SIL,    Role of Silymarin in Cancer Treatment: Facts, Hypotheses, and Questions
- Review, NA, NA
hepatoP↑, AntiCan↑, TumCMig↓, Hif1a↓, selectivity↑, toxicity∅, *antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, TumCCA↑, P21↑, CDK4↓, NF-kB↓, ERK↓, PSA↓, TumCG↓, p27/CDKN1B↑, COX2/PTGS2↓, IL1↓, VEGF↓, IGFBP3↑, AR↓, STAT3↓, Telomerase↓, Cyt‑c↑, Casp↑, eff↝, HDAC↓, HATs↑, Zeb1↓, E-cadherin↑, miR-203↑, NHE1↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, PGE2↓, Vim↓, Wnt↓, angioG↓, VEGF↓, *TIMP1↓, EMT↓, TGF-β↓, CD44↓, EGFR↓, PDGF↓, *IL8↓, SREBP1/SREBF1↓, MMP↓, ATP↓, uPA↓, PD-L1↓, NOTCH↓, *SIRT1↑, SIRT1↓, CA↓, Ca+2↑, chemoP↑, cardioP↑, Dose↝, Half-Life↝, BioAv↓, BioAv↓, BioAv↓, toxicity↝, Half-Life↓, ROS↓, FAK↓,
3648- SIL,    Silymarin/Silybin and Chronic Liver Disease: A Marriage of Many Years
- Review, NA, NA
*antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *lipid-P↓, *necrosis↓, *hepatoP↑, *IL1↓, *IL6↓, *TNF-α↓, *IFN-γ↓, MAPK↓, Apoptosis↑, Cyt‑c↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, *PPARγ↑, *GLUT4↑, *HSPs↓, *HSP27↑, *Trx↑, *SIRT1↑, *ALAT↓, *GSH↑, *lipid-P↓, *TNF-α↓, TumCG↓, P21↑, CDK4↑,
3646- SIL,    "Silymarin", a promising pharmacological agent for treatment of diseases
- Review, NA, NA
*P-gp/ABCB1↓, *Inflam↓, *hepatoP↑, *antiOx↑, *GSH↑, *BioAv↑, *SOD↑, *IFN-γ↓, *IL4↓, *IL10↓, *Half-Life↓, *TNF-α↓, *ALAT↓, *AST↓, Akt↓, chemoP↑, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, TumCP↓, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, *RenoP↑, *BBB↑,
3313- SIL,    Silymarin attenuates post-weaning bisphenol A-induced renal injury by suppressing ferroptosis and amyloidosis through Kim-1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling modulation in male Wistar rats
- in-vivo, NA, NA
*NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *creat↓, *BUN↓, *RenoP↑, *MDA↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *Cyt‑c↓, *Casp3↓, *GSTs↓, *GSH↑, *GPx4↑, *SOD↑, *GSR↓, *Ferroptosis↓,
2227- SK,    Shikonin induces mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and enhances chemotherapeutic sensitivity of gastric cancer through reactive oxygen species
- in-vitro, GC, BGC-823 - in-vitro, GC, SGC-7901 - in-vitro, Nor, GES-1
selectivity↑, TumCP↓, TumCD↑, ROS↑, MMP↓, Casp↑, Cyt‑c↑, Endon↑, AIF↑, eff↓, ChemoSen↑, TumCCA↑, GSH/GSSG↓, lipid-P↑,
3040- SK,    Pharmacological Properties of Shikonin – A Review of Literature since 2002
- Review, Var, NA - Review, IBD, NA - Review, Stroke, NA
*Half-Life↝, *BioAv↓, *BioAv↑, *BioAv↑, *Inflam↓, *TNF-α↓, *other↑, *MPO↓, *COX2/PTGS2↓, *NF-kB↑, *STAT3↑, *antiOx↑, *ROS↓, *neuroP↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *GPx↑, *Bcl-2↑, *BAX↓, cardioP↑, AntiCan↑, NF-kB↓, ROS↑, PKM2↓, TumCCA↑, Necroptosis↑, Apoptosis↑, DNAdam↑, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, LDH↝,
2007- SK,    Shikonin Directly Targets Mitochondria and Causes Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cancer Cells
- in-vitro, lymphoma, U937 - in-vitro, BC, MCF7 - in-vitro, BC, SkBr3 - in-vitro, CRC, HCT116 - in-vitro, OS, U2OS - NA, Nor, RPE-1
tumCV↓, selectivity↑, Dose↝, other↑, MMP↓, ROS↑, DNAdam↑, Ca+2↑, Casp9↑, Cyt‑c↑, *toxicity↓,
1346- SK,    An Oxidative Stress Mechanism of Shikonin in Human Glioma Cells
- in-vitro, GBM, U87MG - in-vitro, GBM, Hs683
NRF2↓, ROS↑, Apoptosis↑, Cyt‑c↑, GSH↓, MMP↓, P53↑, HO-1⇅,
4891- Sper,    Spermidine as a promising anticancer agent: Recent advances and newer insights on its molecular mechanisms
- Review, Var, NA - Review, AD, NA
TumCCA↑, TumCP↓, TumCG↓, *Inflam↓, *antiOx↑, *neuroP↑, *cognitive↑, *Aβ↓, *mitResp↑, AntiCan↑, TumCD↑, TumAuto↑, *AntiAge↑, LC3B-II↑, ATG5↑, Beclin-1↑, mt-ROS↑, H2O2↑, Apoptosis↑, *ROS↑, ChemoSen↑, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑,
4894- Sper,    Application of Spermidine in Cancer Research Models: Notes and Protocols
- Review, Var, NA
TumAuto↑, AntiTum↑, Apoptosis↑, ROS↑, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑,
4897- Sper,    Spermidine as a promising anticancer agent: Recent advances and newer insights on its molecular mechanisms
- Review, Var, NA
Inflam↓, TumAuto↑, Apoptosis↑, ROS↑, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, Bcl-2↓,
1002- SSE,  Osi,  Adag,    Selenite as a dual apoptotic and ferroptotic agent synergizes with EGFR and KRAS inhibitors with epigenetic interference
- in-vitro, Lung, H1975 - in-vitro, Lung, H385
Apoptosis↑, Ferroptosis↑, DNMT1↓, TET1↑, TumCCA↑, cl‑PARP↑, cl‑Casp3↑, Cyt‑c↑, BIM↑, NOXA↑, Apoptosis↑, ROS↑, ER Stress↑, UPR↑,
1003- SSE,    Sodium selenite inhibits proliferation of lung cancer cells by inhibiting NF-κB nuclear translocation and down-regulating PDK1 expression which is a key enzyme in energy metabolism expression
- vitro+vivo, Lung, NA
NF-kB↓, PDK1↓, p‑p65↑, p‑IκB↑, BAX↑, lactateProd↓, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, mitResp↑, Apoptosis↑,
5079- SSE,  Rad,    The solvent and treatment regimen of sodium selenite cause its effects to vary on the radiation response of human bronchial cells from tumour and normal tissues
- in-vitro, Lung, A549 - in-vitro, Nor, BEAS-2B
chemoP↑, eff↝, ROS↑, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, TumCG↓, RadioS↝, other↝,
5105- SSE,    Sodium selenite induces apoptosis by generation of superoxide via the mitochondrial-dependent pathway in human prostate cancer cells
- in-vitro, Pca, LNCaP
TumCD↑, Apoptosis↑, ROS↑, eff↓, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, ER Stress↑, TumAuto↑, necrosis↑, chemoPv↑,
6431- T4O,    Terpinen-4-ol Induces Apoptosis in Human Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer In Vitro and In Vivo
- vitro+vivo, NSCLC, A549
TumCCA↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, cl‑PARP↑, MMP↓, Bax:Bcl2↑, XIAP↓, survivin↓, Dose↝, Apoptosis↑, tumCV↓, Cyt‑c↑, eff↑, necrosis↑,
3950- Taur,    Taurine Supplementation as a Neuroprotective Strategy upon Brain Dysfunction in Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes
- Review, Diabetic, NA - Review, Stroke, NA - Review, AD, NA
*Ca+2↝, *neuroP↑, *other↝, *pH↝, *ROS∅, eff↑, *MMP↑, *Apoptosis↓, *other↝, *ER Stress↓, *Bcl-xL↓, *BAX↑, *Cyt‑c↑, *cal2↓, *Casp3↓, *UPR↓, *other↝, *NF-kB↓, *NRF2↑, *GLUT1↑, *GLUT3↑, *memory↑,
5327- TFdiG,    Theaflavin-3, 3'-digallate induces apoptosis and G2 cell cycle arrest through the Akt/MDM2/p53 pathway in cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer A2780/CP70 cells
- in-vitro, Ovarian, A2780S
TumCG↓, selectivity↑, TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, P53↑, BAX↑, BAD↑, cl‑Casp3↑, p‑Akt↓, MDM2↓, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑,
5332- TFdiG,    Theaflavin-3,3′-digallate triggers apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells via the caspase pathway
- vitro+vivo, OS, 143B - in-vitro, OS, U2OS
tumCV↓, cl‑Casp3↑, cl‑Casp9↑, p‑γH2AX↑, BAX↑, Bak↑, Cyt‑c↑, Mcl-1↓, survivin↓, TumVol↓, Wnt↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, Dose↝, ROS↑, eff↓, TumW↓, Ki-67↓,
5221- TQ,    Thymoquinone induces apoptosis through activation of caspase-8 and mitochondrial events in p53-null myeloblastic leukemia HL-60 cells
- in-vitro, AML, HL-60
chemoPv↑, Apoptosis↑, MMP↓, Casp8↑, Casp9↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, Cyt‑c↑,
2123- TQ,    Thymoquinone suppresses growth and induces apoptosis via generation of reactive oxygen species in primary effusion lymphoma
- in-vitro, lymphoma, PEL
Akt↓, ROS↑, BAX↓, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, eff↑, Casp9↑, Casp3↑, cl‑PARP↑, DR5↑,
2097- TQ,    Crude extract of Nigella sativa inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells
- in-vitro, Cerv, HeLa
Cyt‑c↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, Casp8↑, cl‑PARP↑, cMyc↓, hTERT/TERT↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, CDK4↓, P53↑, P21↑, TumCP↓, Apoptosis↓, selectivity↑,
2085- TQ,    Anticancer Activities of Nigella Sativa (Black Cumin)
- Review, Var, NA
MMP↓, Casp3↑, Casp8↑, Casp9↓, cl‑PARP↑, Cyt‑c↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, NF-kB↓, IAP1↓, IAP2/BIRC3↓, XIAP↓, Bcl-xL↓, survivin↓, cJun↑, p38↑, Akt↑, chemoP↑, *radioP↑,
2095- TQ,    Review on the Potential Therapeutic Roles of Nigella sativa in the Treatment of Patients with Cancer: Involvement of Apoptosis
- Review, Var, NA
TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, ROS↑, Cyt‑c↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, cl‑PARP↑, P53↑, P21↑, cMyc↓, hTERT/TERT↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, CDK4↓, NF-kB↓, IAP1↓, IAP2/BIRC3↓, XIAP↓, Bcl-xL↓, survivin↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, MMP9↓, VEGF↓, eff↑,
2108- TQ,    Anti-cancer properties and mechanisms of action of thymoquinone, the major active ingredient of Nigella sativa
- Review, Var, NA
HDAC↓, TumCCA↑, cycD1/CCND1↓, p16↑, P53↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, Bcl-xL↓, NF-kB↓, IAP1↓, IAP2/BIRC3↓, XIAP↓, survivin↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, cMyc↓, ROS↑, Casp3↑, cl‑PARP↑, Cyt‑c↑, STAT3↓,
3411- TQ,    Anticancer and Anti-Metastatic Role of Thymoquinone: Regulation of Oncogenic Signaling Cascades by Thymoquinone
- Review, Var, NA
p‑STAT3↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, JAK2↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, cMyc↓, MMP7↓, MET↓, p‑Akt↓, p‑mTOR↓, CXCR4↓, Bcl-2↓, BAX↑, ROS↑, Cyt‑c↑, Twist↓, Zeb1↓, E-cadherin↑, p‑p38↑, p‑MAPK↑, ERK↑, eff↑, ERK↓, TumCP↓, TumCMig↓, TumCI↓,
3414- TQ,    Thymoquinone induces apoptosis through inhibition of JAK2/STAT3 signaling via production of ROS in human renal cancer Caki cells
- in-vitro, RCC, Caki-1
tumCV↓, Apoptosis↑, P53↑, BAX↑, Cyt‑c↑, cl‑Casp9↑, cl‑Casp3↑, cl‑PARP↑, Bcl-2↓, Bcl-xL↓, p‑STAT3↓, p‑JAK2↓, STAT3↓, survivin↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, ROS↑, eff↓,
3425- TQ,    Advances in research on the relationship between thymoquinone and pancreatic cancer
Apoptosis↑, TumCP↓, TumCI↓, TumMeta↓, ChemoSen↑, angioG↓, Inflam↓, NF-kB↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, TGF-β↓, Jun↓, p38↑, MAPK↑, MMP9↓, PKM2↓, ROS↑, JNK↑, MUC4↓, TGF-β↑, Dose↝, FAK↓, NOTCH↓, PTEN↑, mTOR↓, Warburg↓, XIAP↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, Casp9↑, Ki-67↓, CD34↓, VEGF↓, MCP1/CCL2↓, survivin↓, Cyt‑c↑, Casp3↑, H4↑, HDAC↓,
3416- TQ,    Thymoquinone induces apoptosis in bladder cancer cell via endoplasmic reticulum stress-dependent mitochondrial pathway
- in-vitro, Bladder, T24/HTB-9 - in-vitro, Bladder, 253J - in-vitro, Nor, SV-HUC-1
TumCP↓, Apoptosis↑, ER Stress↑, cl‑Casp3↑, cl‑Casp8↑, cl‑Casp7↑, cl‑PARP↑, Cyt‑c↑, PERK↑, IRE1↑, ATF6↑, p‑eIF2α↑, ATF4↑, GRP78/BiP↑, CHOP/DDIT3↑,
5904- TV,    Pharmacological Properties and Molecular Mechanisms of Thymol: Prospects for Its Therapeutic Potential and Pharmaceutical Development
- Review, Var, NA - Review, Stroke, NA - Review, Diabetic, NA - Review, Obesity, NA - Review, AD, NA - Review, Arthritis, NA
*antiOx↑, *ROS↓, *Inflam↓, *Bacteria↓, AntiTum↑, IronCh↑, *HDL↑, *LDL↓, *BioAv↝, *Half-Life↝, *BioAv↑, *SOD↑, *GPx↑, *GSTs↑, *eff↑, radioP↑, *MDA↓, *other↑, *COX1↓, *COX2/PTGS2↓, *AntiAg↑, *RNS↓, *NO↓, *H2O2↓, *NOS2↓, *NADH↓, *Imm↑, Apoptosis↑, TumCP↓, angioG↓, TumCMig↓, Ca+2↑, TumCCA↑, DNAdam↑, BAX↑, Casp9↑, Casp8↑, Casp3↑, cl‑PARP↑, AIF↑, i-ROS↑, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, APAF1↑, Ca+2↑, MMP9↓, MMP2↓, PKCδ↓, ERK↓, H2O2↑, BAX↑, Bcl-2↓, DNAdam↑, lipid-P↑, ChemoSen↑, chemoP↑, *cardioP↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *GPx↑, *GSH↑, *BP↓, *AntiDiabetic↑, *Obesity↓, RenoP↑, *GastroP↑, hepatoP↑, *AChE↓, *cognitive↑, *BChE↓, *other↓, *BioAv↑,
3790- UA,    Therapeutic applications of ursolic acid: a comprehensive review and utilization of predictive tools
*Inflam↓, *antiOx↑, AntiCan↑, *neuroP↑, *hepatoP↑, *cardioP↑, *MMP↑, *ROS↓, *PGC-1α↑, *BDNF↑, *cognitive↑, Bcl-2↓, Cyt‑c↑, DR5↑, Casp9↑, Casp8↑, Casp3↑, TumCCA↑, *BioAv↓, *Dose↝, *Half-Life↓, *Half-Life↓,
4841- Uro,    Urolithin A induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by inhibiting Bcl-2, increasing p53-p21 proteins and reactive oxygen species production in colorectal cancer cells
- in-vitro, CRC, HT29 - in-vitro, CRC, SW480 - in-vitro, CRC, SW-620
TumCP↓, TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, P53↑, P21↑, Bcl-2↓, Cyt‑c↑, Casp↑, ROS↑, *ROS↓,
3142- VitC,    Vitamin C promotes apoptosis in breast cancer cells by increasing TRAIL expression
- in-vitro, BC, MDA-MB-231 - in-vitro, BC, MCF7 - in-vitro, Nor, MCF12A
TET2↑, Apoptosis↑, TRAIL↑, BAX↑, Casp↑, Cyt‑c↑, HK2↓, PDK1↓, BNIP3↓,

Showing Research Papers: 351 to 400 of 408
Prev Page 8 of 9 Next

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 408

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress(tgid=1) ⓘ

antiOx↑, 1,   CYP1A1↓, 2,   Ferroptosis↑, 1,   GSH↓, 5,   GSH↑, 2,   GSH/GSSG↓, 2,   GSTA1↑, 1,   GSTs↑, 1,   H2O2↑, 2,   HO-1↑, 4,   HO-1⇅, 1,   lipid-P↓, 1,   lipid-P↑, 2,   MPO↓, 1,   NQO1↑, 1,   NRF2↓, 1,   NRF2↑, 4,   p‑NRF2↑, 1,   mt-OXPHOS↓, 1,   ROS↓, 1,   ROS↑, 30,   i-ROS↑, 1,   mt-ROS↑, 1,   SOD↑, 1,  

Metal & Cofactor Biology(tgid=2) ⓘ

IronCh↑, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics(tgid=3) ⓘ

AIF↑, 4,   ATP↓, 2,   CDC25↓, 1,   MEK↓, 1,   mitResp↑, 1,   MMP↓, 28,   Raf↓, 1,   XIAP↓, 6,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis(tgid=4) ⓘ

AKT1↓, 1,   AMPK↑, 1,   p‑AMPK↑, 1,   cMyc↓, 7,   CYP3A4↓, 1,   glucoNG↓, 1,   Glycolysis↓, 2,   HK2↓, 2,   lactateProd↓, 1,   LDH↝, 1,   PDK1↓, 2,   PKM2↓, 2,   SIRT1↓, 1,   SREBP1/SREBF1↓, 1,   Warburg↓, 1,  

Cell Death(tgid=5) ⓘ

Akt↓, 5,   Akt↑, 1,   p‑Akt↓, 3,   APAF1↑, 2,   Apoptosis↓, 1,   Apoptosis↑, 31,   BAD↑, 1,   Bak↑, 1,   BAX↓, 1,   BAX↑, 13,   Bax:Bcl2↑, 9,   Bcl-2↓, 9,   Bcl-xL↓, 5,   BID↑, 1,   BIM↓, 1,   BIM↑, 1,   Casp↑, 5,   Casp12↑, 1,   Casp3↑, 19,   cl‑Casp3↑, 6,   Casp7↑, 2,   cl‑Casp7↑, 1,   Casp8↑, 8,   Casp8∅, 2,   cl‑Casp8↑, 1,   Casp9↓, 1,   Casp9↑, 18,   cl‑Casp9↑, 3,   Cyt‑c↓, 1,   Cyt‑c↑, 47,   Diablo↑, 2,   DR5↑, 3,   Endon↑, 1,   FADD↑, 1,   Fas↑, 2,   FasL↑, 1,   Ferroptosis↑, 1,   hTERT/TERT↓, 3,   IAP1↓, 3,   IAP1↑, 1,   IAP2/BIRC3↓, 3,   ICAD↑, 1,   iNOS↓, 1,   JNK↑, 1,   MAPK↓, 2,   MAPK↑, 2,   p‑MAPK↑, 1,   Mcl-1↓, 1,   MDM2↓, 1,   Necroptosis↑, 1,   necrosis↑, 2,   NOXA↑, 1,   p27/CDKN1B↑, 3,   p38↑, 3,   p‑p38↑, 1,   PUMA↑, 1,   survivin↓, 12,   Telomerase↓, 1,   TRAIL↑, 2,   TumCD↑, 3,   YAP/TEAD↓, 1,  

Kinase & Signal Transduction(tgid=6) ⓘ

HER2/EBBR2↓, 2,   p70S6↓, 1,   Sp1/3/4↓, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics(tgid=7) ⓘ

cJun↑, 1,   p‑H3↑, 1,   H4↑, 1,   HATs↓, 1,   HATs↑, 2,   other↑, 1,   other↝, 1,   p‑pRB↓, 1,   tumCV↓, 7,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress(tgid=8) ⓘ

ATF6↑, 1,   CHOP/DDIT3↑, 2,   p‑eIF2α↑, 1,   ER Stress↑, 6,   GRP78/BiP↑, 1,   HSP27↑, 1,   HSP70/HSPA5↓, 1,   HSP90↓, 1,   IRE1↑, 1,   PERK↑, 1,   UPR↑, 1,  

Autophagy & Lysosomes(tgid=9) ⓘ

ATG5↑, 1,   Beclin-1↑, 1,   BNIP3↓, 1,   LC3B-II↑, 1,   LC3II↑, 1,   TumAuto↑, 4,  

DNA Damage & Repair(tgid=10) ⓘ

DNAdam↑, 7,   DNMT1↓, 2,   DNMT3A↓, 1,   DNMTs↓, 1,   p16↑, 1,   P53↑, 11,   cl‑PARP↑, 15,   PCNA↓, 2,   p‑γH2AX↑, 1,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence(tgid=11) ⓘ

CDK1↓, 1,   CDK1↑, 1,   CDK2↓, 1,   CDK4↓, 6,   CDK4↑, 1,   cycA1/CCNA1↓, 1,   cycA1/CCNA1↑, 1,   CycB/CCNB1↓, 1,   CycB/CCNB1↑, 2,   cycD1/CCND1↓, 8,   cycD1/CCND1↑, 1,   cycE/CCNE↓, 2,   p19↑, 1,   P21↑, 10,   RB1↑, 1,   TumCCA?, 1,   TumCCA↑, 21,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State(tgid=12) ⓘ

ALDH↓, 1,   ALDH1A1↓, 1,   CD133↓, 1,   CD34↓, 1,   CD44↓, 4,   CSCs↓, 3,   EMT↓, 4,   ERK↓, 5,   ERK↑, 1,   Gli1↓, 1,   HDAC↓, 9,   IGF-1↓, 1,   IGFBP3↑, 1,   Jun↓, 1,   mTOR↓, 3,   p‑mTOR↓, 2,   Nanog↓, 1,   NOTCH↓, 3,   NOTCH1↓, 1,   OCT4↓, 1,   PI3K↓, 3,   PTEN↑, 1,   Shh↓, 1,   Smo↓, 1,   STAT3↓, 3,   p‑STAT3↓, 2,   TumCG↓, 8,   Wnt↓, 3,  

Migration(tgid=13) ⓘ

CA↓, 1,   Ca+2↑, 5,   cal2↑, 1,   CD31/PECAM-1↓, 1,   E-cadherin↑, 3,   FAK↓, 2,   Ki-67↓, 2,   MET↓, 1,   miR-203↑, 1,   MMP2↓, 5,   MMP7↓, 1,   MMP9↓, 6,   MMPs↓, 1,   MUC4↓, 1,   N-cadherin↓, 1,   PDGF↓, 1,   PKCδ↓, 1,   Smad1↑, 1,   Snail↓, 2,   TET1↑, 1,   TGF-β↓, 2,   TGF-β↑, 1,   TumCI↓, 3,   TumCMig↓, 4,   TumCP↓, 11,   TumMeta↓, 4,   Twist↓, 2,   uPA↓, 2,   VCAM-1↓, 1,   Vim↓, 2,   Zeb1↓, 4,   β-catenin/ZEB1↓, 5,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature(tgid=14) ⓘ

angioG↓, 6,   ATF4↑, 1,   EGFR↓, 4,   Hif1a↓, 5,   LOX1↓, 1,   VEGF↓, 7,   VEGFR2/KDR/Flk1↓, 1,  

Barriers & Transport(tgid=15) ⓘ

BBB↑, 1,   NHE1↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling(tgid=16) ⓘ

COX2/PTGS2↓, 8,   CXCR4↓, 3,   IFN-γ↓, 1,   IFN-γ↑, 1,   IKKα↓, 1,   IL1↓, 2,   IL10↓, 1,   IL12↓, 1,   IL1β↓, 3,   IL2↑, 1,   IL6↓, 1,   Inflam↓, 4,   p‑IκB↑, 1,   JAK2↓, 1,   p‑JAK2↓, 1,   MCP1/CCL2↓, 1,   MDSCs↓, 1,   NF-kB↓, 11,   p50↓, 1,   p‑p65↑, 1,   PD-L1↓, 1,   PGE2↓, 1,   PSA↓, 2,   TNF-α↓, 3,  

Hormonal & Nuclear Receptors(tgid=20) ⓘ

AR↓, 2,   CDK6↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance(tgid=21) ⓘ

BioAv↓, 4,   BioAv↑, 1,   BioAv↝, 2,   ChemoSen↑, 10,   Dose↝, 7,   eff↓, 10,   eff↑, 6,   eff↝, 3,   Half-Life↓, 1,   Half-Life↝, 1,   P450↓, 1,   RadioS↑, 1,   RadioS↝, 1,   selectivity↑, 8,   TET2↑, 1,  

Clinical Biomarkers(tgid=22) ⓘ

AR↓, 2,   EGFR↓, 4,   GutMicro↝, 1,   HER2/EBBR2↓, 2,   hTERT/TERT↓, 3,   IL6↓, 1,   Ki-67↓, 2,   LDH↝, 1,   PD-L1↓, 1,   PSA↓, 2,  

Functional Outcomes(tgid=23) ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 6,   AntiTum↑, 4,   cardioP↑, 3,   chemoP↑, 7,   chemoPv↑, 2,   hepatoP↑, 4,   neuroP↑, 1,   radioP↑, 1,   RenoP↑, 1,   Risk↓, 1,   toxicity↝, 1,   toxicity∅, 1,   TumVol↓, 1,   TumW↓, 3,  
Total Targets: 298

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress(tgid=1) ⓘ

antiOx↑, 8,   Catalase↑, 2,   Ferroptosis↓, 1,   GPx↑, 3,   GPx4↑, 1,   GSH↑, 4,   GSR↓, 1,   GSTs↓, 1,   GSTs↑, 1,   H2O2↓, 1,   HDL↑, 1,   HO-1↑, 1,   lipid-P↓, 3,   MDA↓, 2,   MPO↓, 1,   NADH↓, 1,   NRF2↑, 3,   RNS↓, 1,   ROS↓, 4,   ROS↑, 1,   ROS∅, 1,   SOD↑, 5,   Trx↑, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics(tgid=3) ⓘ

mitResp↑, 1,   MMP↑, 2,   PGC-1α↑, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis(tgid=4) ⓘ

ALAT↓, 2,   BUN↓, 1,   LDL↓, 1,   PPARγ↑, 1,   SIRT1↑, 2,  

Cell Death(tgid=5) ⓘ

Apoptosis↓, 1,   BAX↓, 1,   BAX↑, 1,   Bcl-2↑, 1,   Bcl-xL↓, 1,   Casp3↓, 2,   Cyt‑c↓, 2,   Cyt‑c↑, 1,   Ferroptosis↓, 1,   IAP1↓, 1,   necrosis↓, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics(tgid=7) ⓘ

other↓, 1,   other↑, 2,   other↝, 3,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress(tgid=8) ⓘ

ER Stress↓, 1,   HSP27↓, 1,   HSP27↑, 1,   HSPs↓, 1,   UPR↓, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State(tgid=12) ⓘ

HDAC↓, 1,   HDAC3↓, 1,   STAT3↑, 1,  

Migration(tgid=13) ⓘ

AntiAg↑, 1,   Ca+2↝, 1,   cal2↓, 1,   Ki-67↓, 1,   TIMP1↓, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature(tgid=14) ⓘ

NO↓, 1,  

Barriers & Transport(tgid=15) ⓘ

BBB↑, 1,   GastroP↑, 1,   GLUT1↑, 1,   GLUT3↑, 1,   GLUT4↑, 1,   P-gp/ABCB1↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling(tgid=16) ⓘ

COX1↓, 1,   COX2/PTGS2↓, 2,   IFN-γ↓, 2,   IL1↓, 1,   IL10↓, 1,   IL1β↓, 1,   IL4↓, 1,   IL6↓, 1,   IL8↓, 1,   Imm↑, 1,   Inflam↓, 7,   NF-kB↓, 1,   NF-kB↑, 1,   TNF-α↓, 5,  

Cellular Microenvironment(tgid=17) ⓘ

pH↝, 1,  

Synaptic & Neurotransmission(tgid=18) ⓘ

AChE↓, 1,   BChE↓, 1,   BDNF↑, 1,  

Protein Aggregation(tgid=19) ⓘ

Aβ↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance(tgid=21) ⓘ

BioAv↓, 3,   BioAv↑, 6,   BioAv↝, 1,   Dose↝, 1,   eff↑, 1,   Half-Life↓, 3,   Half-Life↝, 2,  

Clinical Biomarkers(tgid=22) ⓘ

ALAT↓, 2,   AST↓, 1,   BP↓, 1,   creat↓, 1,   IL6↓, 1,   Ki-67↓, 1,   NOS2↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes(tgid=23) ⓘ

AntiAge↑, 1,   AntiDiabetic↑, 1,   cardioP↑, 2,   cognitive↑, 3,   hepatoP↑, 3,   memory↑, 1,   neuroP↑, 4,   Obesity↓, 1,   radioP↑, 1,   RenoP↑, 2,   toxicity↓, 5,   toxicity↑, 1,  

Infection & Microbiome(tgid=24) ⓘ

Bacteria↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 111

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: Cyt‑c, cyt-c Release into Cytosol
16 Betulinic acid
15 Curcumin
15 Fisetin
14 Silver-NanoParticles
14 Baicalein
14 Sulforaphane (mainly Broccoli)
12 Apigenin (mainly Parsley)
12 Quercetin
11 Thymoquinone
10 Berberine
10 Emodin
9 Allicin (mainly Garlic)
9 Capsaicin
9 Phenethyl isothiocyanate
8 Carvacrol
8 Chrysin
7 Honokiol
7 Magnetic Fields
6 EGCG (Epigallocatechin Gallate)
6 Eugenol
6 Gambogic Acid
6 Juglone
6 Luteolin
6 Silymarin (Milk Thistle) silibinin
5 Artemisinin
5 Graviola
5 Hibiscus sabdariffa
5 isoorientin
5 Resveratrol
5 Vitamin K2
4 3-bromopyruvate
4 Cisplatin
4 Boswellia (frankincense)
4 α-Bisabolol / Chamomile oil
4 Thymol-Thymus vulgaris
4 Magnolol
4 Nimbolide
4 Shikonin
4 Selenite (Sodium)
3 Ashwagandha(Withaferin A)
3 Photodynamic Therapy
3 Crocetin
3 Dichloroacetate
3 D-limonene
3 Dandelion Root
3 Ellagic acid
3 Formononetin
3 Garcinol
3 Ginkgetin
3 Indole-3-carbinol
3 Lycopene
3 Magnetic Field Rotating
3 Propolis -bee glue
3 Rosmarinic acid
3 Spermidine
2 Chemotherapy
2 Celastrol
2 Citric Acid
2 Copper and Cu NanoParticles
2 Ursolic acid
2 Cynaropicrin
2 salinomycin
2 Diclofenac
2 Electrical Pulses
2 Eurycomanone
2 Radiotherapy/Radiation
2 Evodiamine
2 Gossypol/AT-101
2 Hyperthermia
2 HydroxyTyrosol
2 Hyperoside
2 Isoliquiritigenin
2 Phenylbutyrate
2 Piperine
2 Piperlongumine
2 Plumbagin
2 Aflavin-3,3′-digallate
1 1,8-Cineole
1 5-fluorouracil
1 Coenzyme Q10
1 Astragalus
1 chemodynamic therapy
1 SonoDynamic Therapy UltraSound
1 Camptothecin
1 Gemcitabine (Gemzar)
1 Ajoene (compound of Garlic)
1 Alpha-Lipoic-Acid
1 alpha Linolenic acid
1 Andrographis
1 Metformin
1 2-DeoxyGlucose
1 Biochanin A
1 Bufalin/Huachansu
1 Bromelain
1 Boron
1 Butyrate
1 Cat’s Claw
1 chaetocin
1 Chlorophyllin
1 Cichoric acid / Chicoric acid
1 methotrexate
1 Cinnamon
1 Cucurbitacin
1 Dihydrocaffeic Acid
1 Fenbendazole
1 Fucoidan
1 Shilajit/Fulvic Acid
1 Gallic acid
1 Ginkgo biloba
1 Ginkgolide B
1 Hydroxycinnamic-acid
1 Baicalin
1 Isobavachalcone
1 iodine
1 IP6 (Inositol 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakisphosphate)
1 Isovitexin
1 Methylene blue
1 Iron
1 Methylglyoxal
1 Pterostilbene
1 Kaempferol
1 Paclitaxel/Taxol
1 Rauwolfia serpentina/Indian Snakeroot
1 α-Santalol/Sandalwood oil
1 Selenium
1 chitosan
1 Selenium NanoParticles
1 Docetaxel
1 Osimertinib
1 Adagrasib
1 Terpinen-4-ol / Tea Tree Oil
1 Taurine
1 Urolithin
1 Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
1 Vitamin D3
1 VitK3,menadione
1 Vitexin
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:77  State#:%  Dir#:%
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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