Piperine / N-cadherin Cancer Research Results

PI, Piperine: Click to Expand ⟱
Features:
Compound of black pepper that boosts bioavailability of curcumin

piperine’s bioenhancing function, often more important than piperine’s direct anticancer activity 
Mechanisms of bioenhancement
| Mechanism                     | Effect                             |
| ----------------------------- | ---------------------------------- |
| **↓ CYP3A4, CYP2C9**          | Slows metabolic clearance          |
| **↓ UGT (glucuronidation)**   | Increases parent compound exposure |
| **↓ P-glycoprotein (ABCB1)**  | Improves intracellular retention   |
| **↑ Intestinal permeability** | Better oral absorption             |

-Curcumin: ↑ bioavailability ~20–30×
-Resveratrol, EGCG, quercetin: ↑ exposure 2–10×

Primary pathways: NF-κB, STAT3, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, apoptosis, EMT
Direct anticancer potency: modest
Bioenhancing value: central and often dominant
Rank Pathway / Target Axis Direction Primary Effect Notes / Cancer Relevance Ref
1 Wnt / β-catenin signaling ↓ Wnt/β-catenin (↓ β-catenin nuclear program) Growth & stemness suppression Piperine suppresses canonical Wnt signaling and shows anti-cancer effects in colorectal cancer cells (ref)
2 PI3K → AKT survival signaling ↓ PI3K/AKT signaling Reduced survival / increased apoptosis Gastric cancer study concludes piperine inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis through inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling (ref)
3 AKT → mTOR axis ↓ Akt/mTOR Anti-growth + anti-migration Piperine downregulates Akt/mTOR signaling with associated inhibition of migration and MMP-9 expression (ref)
4 NF-κB transcriptional program ↓ NF-κB activation Reduced inflammatory / pro-survival gene expression Piperine is reported as a potent inhibitor of NF-κB and related transcription factor activity in melanoma cells (ref)
5 STAT3 → Snail EMT axis ↓ STAT3 / ↓ Snail → ↓ EMT Anti-migration / anti-invasion Piperine inhibits colorectal cancer migration/invasion through a STAT3/Snail-mediated EMT mechanism (ref)
6 Multidrug resistance transporter ABCB1 (P-gp) ↓ P-gp-mediated efflux (chemosensitization) Improved chemo response (MDR reversal) Demonstrates piperine has chemosensitizing activity in P-gp–mediated MDR models (piperine characterized as P-gp substrate/modulator) (ref)
7 ROS / oxidative stress ↑ ROS Upstream stress trigger Piperine induces oxidative stress in cancer cells (ROS increase shown) and links it to growth inhibition/apoptosis (ref)
8 Intrinsic apoptosis (caspase activation) ↑ apoptosis Programmed cell death HeLa study: piperine induces apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner with apoptosis markers reported (ref)
9 Autophagy-dependent cell death (ROS–Akt/mTOR coupling) ↑ autophagy-dependent death (with ↓ Akt/mTOR) Stress-lethal program Colon cancer study: piperine induces autophagy-dependent cell death by increasing ROS and inhibiting Akt/mTOR signaling (ref)
10 Cell-cycle progression ↑ cell-cycle arrest (context-dependent) Proliferation blockade Rectal cancer cell study: piperine impairs cell-cycle progression and produces cytostatic/cytotoxic effects (ref)
11 Migration / invasion (MMP-9 axis) ↓ migration / ↓ MMP-9 Anti-metastatic phenotype Piperine suppresses migration with MMP-9 downregulation and Akt/mTOR inhibition (ref)
12 In vivo chemosensitization (doxorubicin) ↑ doxorubicin sensitivity Enhanced therapeutic efficacy Study evaluates piperine as an adjuvant to enhance doxorubicin sensitivity in triple-negative breast cancer models (ref)


N-cadherin, N-cadherin: Click to Expand ⟱
Source:
Type:
Also known as Cadherin2 (CDH2).
N-cadherin is a type of cell adhesion molecule that plays a crucial role in the development and maintenance of tissue structure. In the context of cancer, N-cadherin has been implicated in the progression and metastasis of various types of tumors.
N-cadherin expression is increased in various types of cancer.
Normally, N-cadherin is expressed in mesenchymal cells, such as fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells. However, in cancer cells, N-cadherin expression is often upregulated, which can contribute to the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT is a process by which epithelial cells acquire a more mesenchymal phenotype, which is characterized by increased motility, invasiveness, and resistance to apoptosis.
The expression of N-cadherin in cancer cells is closely associated with tumorigenesis and metastasis. Additionally, the soluble N-cadherin level in the serum of cancer patients is much higher than that in the serum of healthy patients, revealing a positive relation with poor prognosis.
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
1131- PI,    Piperlongumine‑loaded nanoparticles inhibit the growth, migration and invasion and epithelial‑to‑mesenchymal transition of triple‑negative breast cancer cells
- in-vitro, BC, MDA-MB-231 - in-vitro, BC, BT549
TumCG↓, tumCV↓, TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, MMP2↓, Slug↓, N-cadherin↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, SMAD3↓, E-cadherin↑, EMT↓,

Showing Research Papers: 1 to 1 of 1

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 1

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

tumCV↓, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

EMT↓, 1,   TumCG↓, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

E-cadherin↑, 1,   MMP2↓, 1,   N-cadherin↓, 1,   Slug↓, 1,   SMAD3↓, 1,   TumCI↓, 1,   TumCMig↓, 1,   β-catenin/ZEB1↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 11

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Total Targets: 0

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: N-cadherin, N-cadherin
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:133  Target#:355  State#:%  Dir#:%
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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