Thymol-Thymus vulgaris / mTOR Cancer Research Results

TV, Thymol-Thymus vulgaris: Click to Expand ⟱
Features:
Thymol
-main active ingredient of Thyme
mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin: Click to Expand ⟱
Source: HalifaxProj (inhibit)
Type:
mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin) is a central regulator of cell growth, proliferation, metabolism, and survival. It is a serine/threonine kinase that integrates signals from nutrients, growth factors, and cellular energy status.
mTOR promotes protein synthesis and cell growth by activating downstream targets such as S6 kinase and 4E-BP1. In cancer, this pathway can become hyperactivated, leading to uncontrolled cell proliferation.

mTor Inhibitors:
-rapamycin (Sirolimus): classic natural product mTOR inhibitor
-Curcumin
-Resveratrol
-Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG)
-Honokiol
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
5887- CAR,  TV,    Antitumor Effects of Carvacrol and Thymol: A Systematic Review
- Review, Var, NA
Apoptosis↑, It was attested that carvacrol and thymol induced apoptosis, cytotoxicity, cell cycle arrest, antimetastatic activity,
TumCCA↑, accumulation of cells in the G1 phase, together with a reduction of cells in the S phase, slowing cell cycle/mitosis and provoking cell death.
TumMeta↓,
TumCP↓, antiproliferative effects and inhibition of signaling pathways (MAPKs and PI3K/AKT/mTOR).
MAPK↓,
PI3K↓,
Akt↓,
mTOR↓,
eff↑, carvacrol appears to be more potent than thymol
*Inflam↓, these compounds present anti-inflammatory (Li et al., 2018; Chamanara et al., 2019) and antioxidant
*antiOx↑,
AXL↓, These effects occurred mainly through the inhibition of tyrosine kinase receptor (AXL) expression and an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA
MDA↑,
Casp3↑, caspase-3 activation and Bcl-2 inhibition
Bcl-2↓,
MMP2↓, promoted a decrease in Bcl-2, metalloproteinase-2 and -9 (MMP-2 and MMP-9), p-ERK, p-Akt, cyclin B1 levels and an increase in p-JNK, Bax levels, resulting in cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase
MMP9↓,
p‑JNK↑,
BAX↑,
MDA↓, In respect of breast cancer, treatment with carvacrol decreases MDA-MB231 (Jamali et al., 2018; Li et al., 2021) and MCF-7 cells line viability
TRPM7↓, TRPM7 pathway is one of the suggested pharmacological mechanisms of action
MMP↓, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, cytochrome C release, caspase activation, PARP cleavage
Cyt‑c↑,
Casp↑,
cl‑PARP↑,
ROS↑, Carvacrol also induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis (via caspase-3 and reactive oxygen species—ROS) of human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OC2 cell line)
CDK4↓, In tongue cancer (Tca-8113, SCC-25 cell lines), Dai et al. (2016) reported that carvacrol effectively inhibited cell proliferation through the negative regulation of CCND1 and CDK4 expression, and the positive regulation of p21 expression,
P21↑,
F-actin↓, A blockade of TRPM7 channels, reduced expression of MMP-2 and F-actin, was also observed, together with the inhibition of PI3K/Akt and MAPK
GSH↓, by increasing ROS, Bax, Caspase-3, -9 levels and reducing Bcl-2 and GSH levels.
*SOD↑, Moreover, carvacrol was able to increase the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione (GSH), along with a reduction of lipid peroxides and the enzymes AST, ALT, AL
*Catalase↑,
*GPx↑,
*GSR↑,
*GSH↑,
*lipid-P↓,
*AST↓,
*ALAT↓,
*ALP↓,
*LDH↓,
DNAdam↑, hepatocellular carcinoma induced by diethylnitrosamine (DEN), carvacrol treatment promoted DNA fragmentation
AFP↓, carvacrol showed a reduction in serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), alpha l-fucosidase (AFU), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF
VEGF↓,
Weight↑, Carvacrol supplementation significantly improved the weight gain and growth rate of animals with colon cancer
*chemoP↑, reduction in oxidative stress damage (higher levels of GSH, GPx, GR, SOD and CAT), suggesting that carvacrol presents chemopreventive effects
ROS↑, In vitro, carvacrol and thymol increased the generation of reactive oxygen species in 24.63% (n = 17) of the studies, a fact that is also observed in chemotherapeutics

5893- CAR,  TV,    Thymol and Carvacrol: Molecular Mechanisms, Therapeutic Potential, and Synergy With Conventional Therapies in Cancer Management
- Review, Var, NA
*Inflam↓, Monoterpenes like thymol and carvacrol are recognized for their anti‐inflammatory and anticancer properties,
AntiCan↑,
PI3K↓, Thymol derivatives, such as 1,2,3‐triazoles and carvacrol, effectively target breast cancer (BC) through PI3K/AKT/mTOR and NOTCH pathways and inhibit PIK3CA expression.
Akt↓,
mTOR↓,
NOTCH↓,
PIK3CA↓,
EGFR↓, thymol exhibits anti‐EGFR activity, while carvacrol modulates the HIF‐1α/VEGF pathway, making them potential candidates for colorectal cancer (CRC) management.
Hif1a↓,
VEGF↓,
ChemoSen↑, Their synergistic potential with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and other bioactive compounds strengthens their therapeutic promise.
RadioS↑,
eff↝, challenges such as stability, bioavailability, and the need for clinical trials hinder their clinical application.
*cardioP↑, cardioprotective (Joshi et al. 2023), neuroprotective (Forqani et al. 2023) and hepato‐nephroprotective
*neuroP↑,
*hepatoP↑,
Apoptosis↑, Induction of Apoptosis
MMP↓, The apoptosis was due to ROS production, variations in the mitochondrial membrane, caspase‐3 activation, and DNA damage
Casp3↑,
ROS↑,
DNAdam↑,
eff↑, Thymol derivative, known as compound 10 (IC50 6.17 μM) exhibited 3.2‐fold more inhibition than 5‐fluorouracil (IC50 20.09 μM) against MCF‐7
BAX↑, Carvacrol (25, 50, 75, and 90 μM) enhanced the expression of Bax, Bad, Fas‐L, and cytochrome c, activated caspase‐9/3 and caspase‐8, induced cell cycle at G0/G1
BAD↑,
FasL↑,
Cyt‑c↑,
Casp9↑,
Casp8↑,
TumCCA↑,
P21↑, improved the expression of proteins (p21, cyclin D1, CDK4), and downregulated the SMO and GLI1 proteins expression in CC
Smo↓,
Gli1↓,
JNK↑, Moreover, thymol activated JNK and p38 MAPK while impeding the ERK pathway
ERK↓,
MAPK↓, Besides thymol, carvacrol has also been reported to inhibit MAPK or ERK pathways in previous studies.
TRPM7↓, inhibited TRPM7 expression in liver fibrotic C57BL/6J mice
Wnt/(β-catenin)↓, hymol inhibited HCT116 and LoVo cell line invasion via downregulating the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway and reducing c‐Myc and Cyclin D1 expression
CompStab↝, thymol and carvacrol are volatile, and their stability is influenced by these factors (temperature, light, oxygen, and pH)
CompStab↑, Ultrasonication is an effective technique to enhance the stability of thymol and other bioactive compounds. 400 watts of power elevated the performance of NC‐CH formulations, and NC‐CH‐400 displayed increased solubility.


Showing Research Papers: 1 to 2 of 2

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 2

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress(tgid=1) ⓘ

GSH↓, 1,   MDA↓, 1,   MDA↑, 1,   ROS↑, 3,  

Cell Death(tgid=5) ⓘ

Apoptosis↑, 2,   BAD↑, 1,   BAX↑, 2,   Bcl-2↓, 1,   Casp↑, 1,   Casp3↑, 2,   Casp8↑, 1,   Casp9↑, 1,   Cyt‑c↑, 2,   FasL↑, 1,  

Kinase & Signal Transduction(tgid=6) ⓘ

Akt↓, 2,   EGFR↓, 1,   ERK↓, 1,   JNK↑, 1,   p‑JNK↑, 1,   MAPK↓, 2,   mTOR↓, 2,   PI3K↓, 2,   PIK3CA↓, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair(tgid=10) ⓘ

DNAdam↑, 2,   cl‑PARP↑, 1,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence(tgid=11) ⓘ

CDK4↓, 1,   P21↑, 2,   TumCCA↑, 2,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State(tgid=12) ⓘ

Gli1↓, 1,   NOTCH↓, 1,   Smo↓, 1,   TumCP↓, 1,   Wnt/(β-catenin)↓, 1,  

Migration(tgid=13) ⓘ

AXL↓, 1,   F-actin↓, 1,   MMP2↓, 1,   MMP9↓, 1,   TumMeta↓, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature(tgid=14) ⓘ

Hif1a↓, 1,   VEGF↓, 2,  

Barriers & Transport(tgid=15) ⓘ

MMP↓, 2,   TRPM7↓, 2,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance(tgid=21) ⓘ

ChemoSen↑, 1,   CompStab↑, 1,   CompStab↝, 1,   eff↑, 2,   eff↝, 1,   RadioS↑, 1,  

Clinical Biomarkers(tgid=22) ⓘ

AFP↓, 1,   EGFR↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes(tgid=23) ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 1,   Weight↑, 1,  
Total Targets: 52

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress(tgid=1) ⓘ

antiOx↑, 1,   Catalase↑, 1,   GPx↑, 1,   GSH↑, 1,   GSR↑, 1,   lipid-P↓, 1,   SOD↑, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis(tgid=4) ⓘ

ALAT↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling(tgid=16) ⓘ

Inflam↓, 2,  

Clinical Biomarkers(tgid=22) ⓘ

ALAT↓, 1,   ALP↓, 1,   AST↓, 1,   LDH↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes(tgid=23) ⓘ

cardioP↑, 1,   chemoP↑, 1,   hepatoP↑, 1,   neuroP↑, 1,  
Total Targets: 17

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:161  Target#:209  State#:%  Dir#:1
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