| Features: Therapy | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy is a treatment where patients breathe 100% oxygen inside a pressurized chamber.(typically 1.5–3.0 ATA) This approach increases the oxygen concentration in the blood and tissues.Its strongest evidence base is: -Radiation enhancement (oxygen fixation) -Treatment of radiation necrosis -Wound healing in oncology patientsEnhanced Oxygenation of Tumors: -Many tumors are hypoxic (low in oxygen), which can make them more resistant to radiation and some forms of chemotherapy. Enhanced oxygenation through HBO may help overcome this hypoxia. Increased oxygen levels can lead to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which may damage cancer cells and sensitize them to treatment. Synergistic Effects with Radiation Therapy: -Oxygen acts as a radiosensitizer. Radiation-induced DNA damage can be more effective in the presence of oxygen, potentially improving the efficacy of radiotherapy. Some studies have explored combining HBO with radiotherapy to overcome radioresistance in hypoxic tumor regions. Improved Delivery of Chemotherapeutic Agents: -Elevated tissue oxygenation might enhance the delivery and efficacy of certain chemotherapeutic drugs, although this area is still under investigation. Potential Immune Modulation: -There is ongoing research into whether HBO can modulate the tumor microenvironment in a way that is more favorable for anti-tumor immune responses. Possible problems: -Implanted device (such as an insulin pump or pacemaker) -Avoid with recent perforated ear drum -Pneumothorax -Wait for 4 wks after chemo?
Time-Scale Flag (TSF): P / R / G
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| Source: CGL-CS |
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| Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are a group of proteins involved in transmitting signals from the cell surface to the nucleus, playing a crucial role in various cellular processes, including growth, differentiation, and apoptosis (programmed cell death). MAPK Pathways: The MAPK family includes several pathways, the most notable being: 1.ERK (Extracellular signal-Regulated Kinase): Often associated with cell proliferation and survival. 2.JNK (c-Jun N-terminal Kinase): Typically involved in stress responses and apoptosis. 3.p38 MAPK: Associated with inflammatory responses and apoptosis. Inhibitors: Targeting the MAPK pathway has become a strategy in cancer therapy. For example, BRAF inhibitors (like vemurafenib) are used in treating melanoma with BRAF mutations. Altered Expression Levels: Overexpression: Many cancers exhibit overexpression of MAPK pathway components, such as RAS, BRAF, and MEK. This overexpression can lead to increased signaling activity, promoting cell proliferation and survival. Downregulation: In some cases, negative regulators of the MAPK pathway (e.g., MAPK phosphatases) may be downregulated, leading to enhanced MAPK signaling. The expression levels of MAPK pathway components can serve as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response. For example, high levels of phosphorylated ERK (p-ERK) may indicate active MAPK signaling and poor prognosis in certain cancers. Numerous reports indicate that the MAPK pathway plays a major role in tumor progression and invasion, while inhibition of MAPK signaling reduces invasion. |
| 1811- | Oxy, | Hyperbaric oxygen therapy and cancer—a review |
| - | Review, | NA, | NA |
| 4726- | Se, | Oxy, | Oxygen therapy accelerates apoptosis induced by selenium compounds via regulating Nrf2/MAPK signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma |
| - | in-vivo, | HCC, | NA |
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers. Such Conditions may include : -low or high Dose -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations -different cell line effects -synergies with other products -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells
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