Cisplatin / Apoptosis Cancer Research Results

Cisplatin, Cisplatin: Click to Expand ⟱
Features:
Cisplatin is a chemotherapy medication used to treat various types of cancer. It is a platinum-based drug that works by interfering with the DNA of cancer cells, preventing them from reproducing and ultimately leading to cell death.
Cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum II; CDDP) is a platinum-based chemotherapeutic agent that forms covalent DNA crosslinks, primarily intrastrand adducts at adjacent guanine bases. These distort DNA structure, block replication and transcription, and activate DNA damage response pathways (ATM/ATR → p53), leading to cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis. Secondary mechanisms include ROS generation, stress MAPK activation, and modulation of NF-κB. Clinical resistance frequently involves enhanced DNA repair (ERCC1/NER), altered drug transport (CTR1, ATP7A/B), and increased antioxidant defenses. Major toxicities include nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, and peripheral neuropathy.

Rank Pathway / Axis Cancer / Tumor Context Normal Tissue Context TSF Primary Effect Notes / Interpretation
1 DNA crosslink formation (intrastrand adducts) DNA adducts ↑; replication block ↑ Normal dividing cells also affected P, R, G Direct DNA cytotoxicity Cisplatin forms covalent intrastrand crosslinks (primarily at adjacent guanines), distorting DNA and blocking replication and transcription.
2 DNA damage response (ATM / ATR → p53) Checkpoint activation ↑; p53 signaling ↑ ↔ (toxicity in proliferating tissues) R, G Damage signaling cascade DNA distortion activates ATM/ATR pathways leading to p53-mediated cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis.
3 Intrinsic apoptosis (mitochondrial pathway) Bax ↑; Bcl-2 ↓; caspase-9/3 ↑ Nephrotoxicity & ototoxicity risk G Execution of cell death Persistent DNA damage triggers mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization and caspase activation.
4 Cell-cycle arrest (G2/M emphasis) G2/M arrest ↑ ↔ G Cytostasis → apoptosis Cells accumulate in G2/M phase due to unrepaired DNA lesions.
5 ROS generation / oxidative stress ROS ↑ (secondary mechanism) Oxidative injury ↑ (kidney, cochlea) R, G Stress amplification Cisplatin increases mitochondrial ROS and oxidative stress, contributing to cytotoxicity and organ toxicity.
6 MAPK signaling (JNK / p38 activation) Stress MAPK activation ↑ ↔ R, G Stress-response signaling JNK and p38 activation contribute to apoptosis and stress signaling.
7 NF-κB activation (resistance axis) NF-κB ↑ may promote survival ↔ R, G Resistance modulation NF-κB activation can reduce sensitivity; inhibition enhances cytotoxicity in some models.
8 DNA repair pathways (NER / ERCC1) NER ↑ → resistance — G Resistance determinant Nucleotide excision repair (ERCC1) removes platinum adducts; high ERCC1 correlates with resistance.
9 Drug transport (CTR1 uptake; ATP7A/B efflux) CTR1 ↓ or ATP7A/B ↑ → resistance — G Exposure constraint Copper transporters influence intracellular cisplatin accumulation and resistance.
10 Clinical toxicity profile — Nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, neurotoxicity — Translation constraint Major dose-limiting toxicities arise from DNA damage and oxidative stress in normal tissues.

Time-Scale Flag (TSF): P / R / G

  • P: 0–30 min (DNA aquation and initial adduct formation)
  • R: 30 min–3 hr (checkpoint activation / stress signaling)
  • G: >3 hr (apoptosis, phenotype outcomes, resistance development)
Apoptosis, Apoptosis: Click to Expand ⟱
Source:
Type: type of cell death
Situation in which a cell actively pursues a course toward death upon receiving certain stimuli.
Cancer is one of the scenarios where too little apoptosis occurs, resulting in malignant cells that will not die.
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
1295- AG,  Cisplatin,    Chemosensitizing Effect of Astragalus Polysaccharides on Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells by Inducing Apoptosis and Modulating Expression of Bax/Bcl-2 Ratio and Caspases
- in-vivo, Laryn, NA
AntiTum↑, Apoptosis↑, Bcl-2↓, BAX↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, Bax:Bcl2↑,
6497- BCP,  Cisplatin,    Beta-Caryophyllene Enhances the Anti-Tumor Activity of Cisplatin in Lung Cancer Cell Lines through Regulating Cell Cycle and Apoptosis Signaling Molecules
- in-vitro, Lung, NA
TumCG↓, TumCP↓, Apoptosis↑, toxicity↓, ChemoSen↑, P21↑, Bcl-xL↑, Bcl-2↓, EMT↓, E-cadherin↑, eff↑, MMP↓,
5651- BNL,  Cisplatin,    Natural borneol sensitizes human glioma cells to cisplatin-induced apoptosis by triggering ROS-mediated oxidative damage and regulation of MAPKs and PI3K/AKT pathway
- in-vitro, GBM, U251 - in-vitro, GBM, U87MG
ChemoSen↑, tumCV↓, TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, ROS↑, DNAdam↑, ATR↑, ATM↑, P53↑, Histones↑, eff↓, Casp3↑, Casp7↑, Casp9↑,
1450- Bos,  Cisplatin,    3-Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA) induced antiproliferative effect by suppressing Notch signaling pathway and synergistic interaction with cisplatin against prostate cancer cells
- in-vitro, Pca, DU145
ROS↑, MMP↓, Casp↑, Apoptosis↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, TumCCA?, cycD1/CCND1↓, CDK4↓, P21↑, p27/CDKN1B↑, NOTCH↓, ChemoSen↑,
5919- Cats,  Cisplatin,    Uncaria tomentosa Leaves Decoction Modulates Differently ROS Production in Cancer and Normal Cells, and Effects Cisplatin Cytotoxicity
- in-vitro, Liver, HepG2
ROS↑, GSH↓, Apoptosis↑, Casp3↑, Casp7↑, NF-kB↓, selectivity↑, ChemoSen↑, chemoP↑,
5965- CEL,  Cisplatin,    Celecoxib enhances anticancer effect of cisplatin and induces anoikis in osteosarcoma via PI3K/Akt pathway
- in-vitro, OS, MG63
COX2↓, ChemoSen↑, MDR1↓, MRP1/ABCC1↓, E-cadherin↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, Apoptosis↑, TumCCA↑, TumCG↓, P-gp↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓,
444- CUR,  Cisplatin,    LncRNA KCNQ1OT1 is a key factor in the reversal effect of curcumin on cisplatin resistance in the colorectal cancer cells
- vitro+vivo, CRC, HCT8
TumVol↓, Apoptosis↑, Bcl-2↓, Cyt‑c↑, BAX↑, cl‑Casp3↑, cl‑PARP1↑, miR-497↑, KCNQ1OT1↓,
6353- DRE,  Cisplatin,    Insights Into Protective Mechanisms of Dandelion Leaf Extract Against Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats: Role of Inhibitory Effect on Inflammatory and Apoptotic Pathways
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *Apoptosis↓, *NF-kB↓, *Cyt‑c↓, *DNAdam↓, *GSH↑, *SOD↑, *Albumin↝, *creat↓, *BUN↓, *RenoP↑, *lipid-P↓, *TNF-α↓, *Casp3↓, *Casp9↓, *chemoP↑,
7031- GA,  Cisplatin,    Gallic acid has anticancer activity and enhances the anticancer effects of cisplatin in non‑small cell lung cancer A549 cells via the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway
- in-vitro, Lung, A549
TumCP↓, Apoptosis↑, BAX↑, Bcl-2↓, ChemoSen↑, JAK↓, STAT3↓,
7032- GA,  Cisplatin,    Gallic acid: a polyphenolic compound potentiates the therapeutic efficacy of cisplatin in human breast cancer cells
- in-vitro, BC, MCF7 - in-vitro, Nor, MCF10
ChemoSen↑, tumCV↓, Apoptosis↑, selectivity↑, *ROS↓, eff↑, *chemoP↑, Dose↝,
801- GAR,  Cisplatin,    Garcinol sensitizes human head and neck carcinoma to cisplatin in a xenograft mouse model despite downregulation of proliferative biomarkers
- in-vivo, HNSCC, NA
Apoptosis↑, cycD1/CCND1↓, Bcl-2↓, survivin↓, VEGF↓, TumCG↓, Ki-67↓, CD31↓,
5183- PEITC,  Cisplatin,    Phenethyl Isothiocyanate Induces Apoptosis Through ROS Generation and Caspase-3 Activation in Cervical Cancer Cells
- in-vitro, Cerv, HeLa - in-vitro, Nor, HaCaT
DNAdam↑, Apoptosis↑, ChemoSen↑, ROS↑, mt-ROS↑, Casp↑, Casp3↑, selectivity↑, TumCP↓, tumCV↓, eff↓,
5041- SAS,  Cisplatin,    Xc− inhibitor sulfasalazine sensitizes colorectal cancer to cisplatin by a GSH-dependent mechanism
- in-vitro, CRC, NA
xCT↓, Inflam↓, Apoptosis↓, GSH↓, ROS↑, TumCG↓, selectivity↑, eff↑, eff↓,
2182- SK,  Cisplatin,    Shikonin inhibited glycolysis and sensitized cisplatin treatment in non-small cell lung cancer cells via the exosomal pyruvate kinase M2 pathway
- in-vitro, Lung, A549 - in-vitro, Lung, PC9 - in-vivo, NA, NA
tumCV↓, TumCP↓, TumCI↓, TumCMig↓, Apoptosis↑, PKM2↓, Glycolysis↓, GlucoseCon↓, lactateProd↓, ChemoSen↑, TumVol↓, TumW↓, GLUT1↓,
2099- TQ,  Cisplatin,    Thymoquinone and cisplatin as a therapeutic combination in lung cancer: In vitro and in vivo
- in-vitro, Lung, H460 - in-vitro, Lung, H146 - in-vivo, NA, NA
ChemoSen↑, TumCP↓, tumCV↓, Apoptosis↑, NF-kB↓,
4887- ZER,  Rad,  Cisplatin,    Zerumbone acts as a radiosensitizer in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
- in-vitro, HNSCC, CAL27
Apoptosis↑, ChemoSen↑, RadioS↑, tumCV↓,

Showing Research Papers: 1 to 16 of 16

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 16

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress(tgid=1) ⓘ

GSH↓, 2,   ROS↑, 5,   mt-ROS↑, 1,   xCT↓, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics(tgid=3) ⓘ

MMP↓, 2,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis(tgid=4) ⓘ

GlucoseCon↓, 1,   Glycolysis↓, 1,   Histones↑, 1,   lactateProd↓, 1,   PKM2↓, 1,  

Cell Death(tgid=5) ⓘ

Akt↓, 1,   Apoptosis↓, 1,   Apoptosis↑, 14,   BAX↑, 3,   Bax:Bcl2↑, 2,   Bcl-2↓, 5,   Bcl-xL↑, 1,   Casp↑, 2,   Casp3↑, 4,   cl‑Casp3↑, 1,   Casp7↑, 2,   Casp9↑, 2,   Cyt‑c↑, 1,   miR-497↑, 1,   p27/CDKN1B↑, 1,   survivin↓, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics(tgid=7) ⓘ

KCNQ1OT1↓, 1,   tumCV↓, 6,  

DNA Damage & Repair(tgid=10) ⓘ

ATM↑, 1,   ATR↑, 1,   DNAdam↑, 2,   P53↑, 1,   cl‑PARP1↑, 1,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence(tgid=11) ⓘ

CDK4↓, 1,   cycD1/CCND1↓, 2,   P21↑, 2,   TumCCA?, 1,   TumCCA↑, 2,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State(tgid=12) ⓘ

EMT↓, 1,   NOTCH↓, 1,   PI3K↓, 1,   STAT3↓, 1,   TumCG↓, 4,  

Migration(tgid=13) ⓘ

CD31↓, 1,   E-cadherin↓, 1,   E-cadherin↑, 1,   Ki-67↓, 1,   TumCI↓, 1,   TumCMig↓, 1,   TumCP↓, 5,   β-catenin/ZEB1↓, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature(tgid=14) ⓘ

VEGF↓, 1,  

Barriers & Transport(tgid=15) ⓘ

GLUT1↓, 1,   P-gp↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling(tgid=16) ⓘ

COX2↓, 1,   Inflam↓, 1,   JAK↓, 1,   NF-kB↓, 2,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance(tgid=21) ⓘ

ChemoSen↑, 11,   Dose↝, 1,   eff↓, 3,   eff↑, 3,   MDR1↓, 1,   MRP1/ABCC1↓, 1,   RadioS↑, 1,   selectivity↑, 4,  

Clinical Biomarkers(tgid=22) ⓘ

Ki-67↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes(tgid=23) ⓘ

AntiTum↑, 1,   chemoP↑, 1,   toxicity↓, 1,   TumVol↓, 2,   TumW↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 72

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress(tgid=1) ⓘ

antiOx↑, 1,   GSH↑, 1,   lipid-P↓, 1,   ROS↓, 1,   SOD↑, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis(tgid=4) ⓘ

BUN↓, 1,  

Cell Death(tgid=5) ⓘ

Apoptosis↓, 1,   Casp3↓, 1,   Casp9↓, 1,   Cyt‑c↓, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair(tgid=10) ⓘ

DNAdam↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling(tgid=16) ⓘ

Inflam↓, 1,   NF-kB↓, 1,   TNF-α↓, 1,  

Clinical Biomarkers(tgid=22) ⓘ

Albumin↝, 1,   creat↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes(tgid=23) ⓘ

chemoP↑, 2,   RenoP↑, 1,  
Total Targets: 18

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: Apoptosis, Apoptosis
16 Cisplatin
2 Gallic acid
1 Astragalus
1 Beta-Caryophyllene
1 borneol
1 Boswellia (frankincense)
1 Cat’s Claw
1 Celecoxib
1 Curcumin
1 Dandelion Root
1 Garcinol
1 Phenethyl isothiocyanate
1 Sulfasalazine
1 Shikonin
1 Thymoquinone
1 Zerumbone
1 Radiotherapy/Radiation
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:197  Target#:14  State#:%  Dir#:%
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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