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| Sinapic Acid - 3,5-Dimethoxy-4-Hydroxycinnamic Acid Alternative Names: Sinapinic acid, 3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxycinnamic acid Type: Hydroxycinnamic acid / phenolic acid / natural phytochemical Sources: Widely distributed in fruits, vegetables, cereals, spices, and oilseed crops, with sinapic acid derivatives particularly abundant in plants of the Brassicaceae family. Function: Sinapic acid is a bioactive phenolic acid with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, neuroprotective, and metal-chelating activities. Reported mechanisms include modulation of oxidative stress, inflammatory signaling, apoptosis, cell proliferation, mitochondrial function, and PI3K/AKT/GSK3β signaling. Cancer: Preclinical studies demonstrate inhibition of cancer-cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis, suppression of inflammatory and oxidative signaling, and potential sensitization to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Anticancer activity has been reported across several experimental tumor models. Alzheimer's Disease: Preclinical studies demonstrate neuroprotective effects including reduced Aβ-associated neuronal injury, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and glial activation, with improvements in learning and memory. In APP/PS1 models, sinapic acid has also been reported to reduce Aβ pathology and modulate PI3K/AKT/GSK3β signaling. |
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