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Caffeic acid is a polyphenol antioxidant found in coffee, fruits, vegetables, and herbs. It may have anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-aging, and other health benefits. -Caffeic acid phenethyl ester, the main representative component of propolis -Black chokeberry 141.14 mg/100 g F -Sunflower seed, meal 8.17 mg/100 g FW -Common sage, dried 26.40 mg/100 g FW -Ceylan cinnamon 24.20 mg/100 g FW -Nutmeg 16.30 mg/100 g FW -Dual capacity of CA to act as an antioxidant during carcinogenesis and as a pro-oxidant against cancer cells, promoting their apoptosis or sensitizing them to chemotherapeutic drugs. Pathways: -Caffeic acid is a potent antioxidant -Caffeic acid may also exhibit pro-oxidant behavior. At higher concentrations( 50–100 µM ?) or/and in the presence of transition metal ions (such as copper or iron), caffeic acid cab participate in Fenton-like reactions, potentially leading to increased ROS generation. -Shown to inhibit NF-κB activation -Inhibitory effects on MAPK/ERK Pathway -PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway -Activation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway -Cell cycle arrest at various checkpoints -Angiogenesis Inhibition Caffeic acid typically shows low oral bioavailability (sometimes only a few percent of the ingested dose is systemically available) and a short plasma half-life (around 1–2 hours in animal models). |
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The selectivity of cancer products (such as chemotherapeutic agents, targeted therapies, immunotherapies, and novel cancer drugs) refers to their ability to affect cancer cells preferentially over normal, healthy cells. High selectivity is important because it can lead to better patient outcomes by reducing side effects and minimizing damage to normal tissues. Achieving high selectivity in cancer treatment is crucial for improving patient outcomes. It relies on pinpointing molecular differences between cancerous and normal cells, designing drugs or delivery systems that exploit these differences, and overcoming intrinsic challenges like tumor heterogeneity and resistance Factors that affect selectivity: 1. Ability of Cancer cells to preferentially absorb a product/drug -EPR-enhanced permeability and retention of cancer cells -nanoparticle formations/carriers may target cancer cells over normal cells -Liposomal formations. Also negatively/positively charged affects absorbtion 2. Product/drug effect may be different for normal vs cancer cells - hypoxia - transition metal content levels (iron/copper) change probability of fenton reaction. - pH levels - antiOxidant levels and defense levels 3. Bio-availability |
1646- | CA,  |   | Caffeic acid: a brief overview of its presence, metabolism, and bioactivity |
- | Review, | Nor, | NA |
1650- | CA,  |   | Adjuvant Properties of Caffeic Acid in Cancer Treatment |
- | Review, | Var, | NA |
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