| Features: |
| Copper Metal Copper levels are considerably elevated in various malignancies. Copper [Cu(II)] is a transition and trace element in living organisms. It increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free-radical generation that might damage biomolecules like DNA, proteins, and lipids. - Copper acts as a critical cofactor for numerous enzymes involved in redox reactions, energy production, and connective tissue formation. - Increased copper levels in the tumor microenvironment can enhance angiogenic signaling and thus supply the tumor with necessary oxygen and nutrients, facilitating tumor growth and metastasis. - Copper can participate in redox cycling reactions, similar to the Fenton reaction, leading to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). - Cancer cells often exhibit altered copper homeostasis, with some studies showing elevated copper levels in tumor tissues relative to normal tissues. Two main approaches are: - Copper Chelation: Drugs that bind copper (chelators) can reduce the bioavailability of copper, potentially inhibiting angiogenesis and other copper-dependent tumor processes. - Copper Ionophores: These agents facilitate the transport of copper into cancer cells to induce cytotoxicity by elevating intracellular copper levels beyond a tolerable threshold, leading to cell death. - Depletion of glutathione and stimulation of lipid peroxidation, catalase and superoxide dismutase. - Studies have shown that the level of copper in tumour cells and blood serum from cancer patients is elevated, and the conclusion is that cancer cells need more copper than healthy cells. (but also sometimes depleted). - Copper is a double-edged sword, maintaining normal cell development and promoting tumor development. - Tumor tissue has a higher demand for copper and is more susceptible to copper homeostasis, copper may modulate cancer cell survival through reactive oxygen species (ROS) excessive accumulation, proteasome inhibition and anti-angiogenesis. |
| 1569- | Cu, | Copper Nanoparticles as Therapeutic Anticancer Agents |
| - | Review, | NA, | NA |
| 1642- | Cu, | HCAs, | Copper-assisted anticancer activity of hydroxycinnamic acid terpyridine conjugates on triple-negative breast cancer |
| - | in-vitro, | BC, | 4T1 | - | in-vitro, | Nor, | L929 |
| 1639- | Cu, | HCAs, | Green synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles using sinapic acid: an underpinning step towards antiangiogenic therapy for breast cancer |
| - | in-vitro, | BC, | MCF-7 | - | in-vitro, | BC, | MDA-MB-231 |
| 1604- | Cu, | Targeting copper metabolism: a promising strategy for cancer treatment |
| - | Review, | NA, | NA |
| 1603- | Cu, | BP, | SDT, | Glutathione Depletion-Induced ROS/NO Generation for Cascade Breast Cancer Therapy and Enhanced Anti-Tumor Immune Response |
| - | in-vitro, | BC, | 4T1 | - | in-vivo, | NA, | NA |
| 1602- | Cu, | A simultaneously GSH-depleted bimetallic Cu(ii) complex for enhanced chemodynamic cancer therapy† |
| - | in-vitro, | BC, | MCF-7 | - | in-vitro, | BC, | 4T1 | - | in-vitro, | Lung, | A549 | - | in-vitro, | Liver, | HepG2 |
| 1601- | Cu, | The copper (II) complex of salicylate phenanthroline induces immunogenic cell death of colorectal cancer cells through inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | NA |
| 1600- | Cu, | Cu(II) complex that synergistically potentiates cytotoxicity and an antitumor immune response by targeting cellular redox homeostasis |
| - | Review, | NA, | NA |
| 1599- | Cu, | Copper in tumors and the use of copper-based compounds in cancer treatment |
| - | Review, | NA, | NA |
| 1598- | Cu, | Targeting copper in cancer therapy: 'Copper That Cancer' |
| - | Review, | NA, | NA |
| 1597- | Cu, | Anticancer potency of copper(II) complexes of thiosemicarbazones |
| - | Review, | NA, | NA |
| 1596- | Cu, | CDT, | Unveiling the promising anticancer effect of copper-based compounds: a comprehensive review |
| - | Review, | NA, | NA |
| 1595- | Cu, | The Multifaceted Roles of Copper in Cancer: A Trace Metal Element with Dysregulated Metabolism, but Also a Target or a Bullet for Therapy |
| - | Review, | NA, | NA |
| 1572- | Cu, | Recent Advances in Cancer Therapeutic Copper-Based Nanomaterials for Antitumor Therapy |
| - | Review, | NA, | NA |
| 1571- | Cu, | Copper in cancer: From pathogenesis to therapy |
| - | Review, | NA, | NA |
| 1570- | Cu, | Development of copper nanoparticles and their prospective uses as antioxidants, antimicrobials, anticancer agents in the pharmaceutical sector |
| - | Review, | NA, | NA |
| 1764- | PG, | Cu, | DNA strand break induction and enhanced cytotoxicity of propyl gallate in the presence of copper(II) |
| - | in-vitro, | Nor, | GM05757 |
| 1906- | SNP, | GoldNP, | Cu, | Current Progresses in Metal-based Anticancer Complexes as Mammalian TrxR Inhibitors |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 1907- | SNP, | GoldNP, | Cu, | In vitro antitumour activity of water soluble Cu(I), Ag(I) and Au(I) complexes supported by hydrophilic alkyl phosphine ligands |
| - | in-vitro, | Lung, | A549 | - | in-vitro, | BC, | MCF-7 | - | in-vitro, | Melanoma, | A375 | - | in-vitro, | Colon, | HCT15 | - | in-vitro, | Cerv, | HeLa |
| 629- | VitC, | Cu, | Fe, | The antioxidant ascorbic acid mobilizes nuclear copper leading to a prooxidant breakage of cellular DNA: implications for chemotherapeutic action against cancer |
| - | in-vitro, | NA, | NA |
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